北京平谷上宅遗址骨柄石刃刀胶结材料的初步分析
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摘要
骨柄石刃刀是一种新石器时代的狩猎采集经济工具,骨柄石刃刀的石刃和骨柄的连接方式目前研究较少,一般是认为通过镶嵌连接。我们对上宅遗址出土的骨柄石刃刀进行了环境扫描电镜的观察和能谱分析,发现其石刃背缘部位覆盖有少量胶层。为了解该物质是否为早期胶结材料,我们对样品进行了拉曼光谱分析和红外分析,通过比对发现该物质是类似于植物胶的胶结材料。因此可以确定古柄刀的连接应该是通过镶嵌和胶的辅助粘结而成。胶中还含有均匀分布的少许钡盐、锌盐等,其效用尚需要该遗址以及其它遗址材料的进一步支持。
The Stone blade with the bone hilt is a kind of hunting and harvesting economic tool in the Neolithic Age. The studies on the connec-tion methods of the stone blades and the bone hilts are limited and they are generally considered to be inlaid. The environmental scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum is used to observe and analyze the stone blade with bone hilt unearthed from Shangzhai site, and it is found that the back edge of the stone edge is covered with the adhesive layers. In order to investigate whether the substance belongs to the early adhesive materials,the Raman spectrum analysis and infrared analysis are carried out, and it is found that the material is a kind of adhesive material which is similar to vegetable gum. Therefore, it can be determined that the connection of the ancient hilt should be inlaid and assisted with adhesive bonding. The sam-ple also contains a bit of barium salt, zinc salt, etc. with a uniform distribution, their functions still requires further evidence from the Shangzhai site and other sites' materials to support.
The Stone blade with the bone hilt is a kind of hunting and harvesting economic tool in the Neolithic Age. The studies on the connec-tion methods of the stone blades and the bone hilts are limited and they are generally considered to be inlaid. The environmental scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum is used to observe and analyze the stone blade with bone hilt unearthed from Shangzhai site, and it is found that the back edge of the stone edge is covered with the adhesive layers. In order to investigate whether the substance belongs to the early adhesive materials,the Raman spectrum analysis and infrared analysis are carried out, and it is found that the material is a kind of adhesive material which is similar to vegetable gum. Therefore, it can be determined that the connection of the ancient hilt should be inlaid and assisted with adhesive bonding. The sam-ple also contains a bit of barium salt, zinc salt, etc. with a uniform distribution, their functions still requires further evidence from the Shangzhai site and other sites' materials to support.
引文
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[2]何伟俊,张金萍,陈潇俐.传统书画装裱修复工艺的科学化探讨——以南京博物院为例[J].东南文化,2014(2):25~30.
[3]HUIYUN RAO,YIMIN YANG,IDELISI ABUDURESULE,et al.Proteomic identification of adhesive on a bone sculpture-inlaid wooden artifact from the Xiaohe Cemetery, Xinjiang, China[J]. Journal of Archaeological Science,2015,53,148~155.
[4]河姆渡遗址考古队.浙江河姆渡遗址第二期发掘的主要收获[J].文物,1980(5):1~15,98~99.
[5]王小庆.兴隆洼与赵宝沟遗址出土细石叶的微痕研究—兼论兴隆洼文化和赵宝沟文化的生业形态[J].西部考古,2006(0):59~76.
[6]崔天兴,杨琴,郁金城,等.北京平谷上宅遗址骨柄石刃刀的微痕分析:来自环境扫描电镜观察的证据[J].中国科学:地球科学,2010,40(6):737~744.
[7]郁金城,王武钰.北京平谷上宅新石器时代遗址发掘简报[J].文物,1989,9:1~8,16.
[8]闫宏涛,安晶晶,周铁,等.彩绘文物颜料胶结材料分析与表征研究进展[J].分析科学学报,2012,28(5):708~714.
[9]杨璐,黄建华,王丽琴,等.文物彩绘常用胶料的氨基酸组成及红外光谱特征研究[J].文物保护与考古科学,2011,23(1):36~39.