免钻桥塞在致密气藏储层改造中的适应性评价
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摘要
可钻式复合桥塞内通径小,压后需磨铣桥塞,连续油管钻塞费用高、作业周期长,严重影响了水平井的投产进度。大通径免钻桥塞内通径大、压裂球可溶,现场实施简便、经济可靠。结合区域储层流体特征,开展压裂球的室内溶蚀评价实验,压裂球在清水中不溶蚀,在压裂液和返排液中易溶蚀,温度越高溶蚀越快。根据室内实验结果,优化桥塞泵送工艺,采用活性水泵送桥塞,再采用清水作隔离液,控制可溶球的溶蚀速度。将大通径免钻桥塞应用在松辽盆地凝析气藏水平井X井的6段压裂中,累计泵入液体4 760 m~3,支撑剂354 m~3,顺利完成了水平井各段的储层改造。现场试验表明,大通径桥塞工具坐封可靠,压后返排中压裂球溶蚀彻底,满足压裂施工要求,能大幅缩短水平井投产周期,在致密气藏储层改造中具有良好的推广价值。
The drillable composite bridge plug with the characteristic of small diameter needs bridge plug milling using coiled tubing after the fracturing,which seriously affects the production schedule of the horizontal well due to the high cost and long operation period.The large-bore drill-free bridge plug has a large drift diameter and dissoluble fracturing ball,featuring with simple onsite application,cost effectiveness and reliability. Based on the fluid characteristics of the regional reservoir,indoor corrosion evaluation experiment of fracturing balls was carried out The fracturing ball do not dissolve in the clear water,and is easily dissolved in the fracturing fluid and the flowback fluid and higher temperature results in faster dissolution. According to the results of laboratory experiments above,the bridge plug pumping process was optimized. Active water is used to pump the bridge plug,and the clear water is used as the isolation fluid to control the dissolution rate of the dissoluble ball. The large-bore drill-free bridge plug was applied to the six-stage horizontal well fracturing of Well X in the condensate gas reservoir in South of Songliao,with the cumulative pumping liquid of 4 760 m~3 and the proppant of 354 m~3,resulting in successful stimulation of each stage of the horizontal well. Field tests show that the large-bore bridge plug tool is reliable,and the fracturing ball indicated by flowback is completely dissolved,which meets the requirements of fracturing operation,and can greatly shorten the putting-to-production time of horizontal well,presenting a good promotion prospect in the stimulation of tight gas reservoirs.
The drillable composite bridge plug with the characteristic of small diameter needs bridge plug milling using coiled tubing after the fracturing,which seriously affects the production schedule of the horizontal well due to the high cost and long operation period.The large-bore drill-free bridge plug has a large drift diameter and dissoluble fracturing ball,featuring with simple onsite application,cost effectiveness and reliability. Based on the fluid characteristics of the regional reservoir,indoor corrosion evaluation experiment of fracturing balls was carried out The fracturing ball do not dissolve in the clear water,and is easily dissolved in the fracturing fluid and the flowback fluid and higher temperature results in faster dissolution. According to the results of laboratory experiments above,the bridge plug pumping process was optimized. Active water is used to pump the bridge plug,and the clear water is used as the isolation fluid to control the dissolution rate of the dissoluble ball. The large-bore drill-free bridge plug was applied to the six-stage horizontal well fracturing of Well X in the condensate gas reservoir in South of Songliao,with the cumulative pumping liquid of 4 760 m~3 and the proppant of 354 m~3,resulting in successful stimulation of each stage of the horizontal well. Field tests show that the large-bore bridge plug tool is reliable,and the fracturing ball indicated by flowback is completely dissolved,which meets the requirements of fracturing operation,and can greatly shorten the putting-to-production time of horizontal well,presenting a good promotion prospect in the stimulation of tight gas reservoirs.
引文
[1]靳宝军.东北工区水平井分段压裂技术研究[J].钻采工艺,2015,38(2):63-66.JIN Baojun.Research on staged fracturing technology for horizontal well in northeast China area[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2015,38(2):63-66.
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[4]杨永青,王治华,王磊,等.无限级滑套压裂新工艺在苏里格气田的应用[J].钻采工艺,2015,38(1):62-63,75.YANG Yongqing,WANG Zhihua,WANG Lei,et al.Application of infinite stage sliding sleeve fracturing technology in Sulige gas field[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2015,38(1):62-63,75
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[7]韩继勇,逄仁德,王书宝,等.水力喷射环空压裂技术在长庆油田的应用[J].钻采工艺,2015,38(1):48-50.HAN Jiyong,PANG Rende,WANG Shubao,et al.Application of hydraulic jet annulus sand-filled fracturing technology in Changqing Oilfield[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2015,38(1):48-50.
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[9]李军贤.泵送桥塞射孔联作技术在水平井的应用[J].油气井测试,2017,26(6):56-57,61.LI Junxian.Application of combined operation tech of bridge plug delivered by pump and perforation in horizontal well[J].Well Testing,2017,26(6):56-57,61.
[10]李博博,蒋龙,韩焘,等.水力泵送桥塞-射孔联作压裂技术在长庆油田的规模应用[J].国外测井技术,2017,38(1):45-47.LI Bobo,JIANG Long,HAN Tao,et al.Application of combined operation tech of bridge plug delivered by hydraulic pump and perforation fracturing technology in changing oilfield[J].World Well Logging Technology,2017,38(1):45-47.
[11]谢建华,刘崇江,赵骊川,等.桥塞压裂工艺技术[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2004,34(3):38-39,91.XIE Jianhua,LIU Chongjiang,ZHAO Lichuan,et al.Bridge plug fracturing technique[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2004,34(3):38-39,91.
[12]郑立军,才博,冉凤华,等.致密油储层改造技术研究与应用[J].油气井测试,2015,24(1):4-7.ZHENG Lijun,CAI Bo,RAN Fenghua,et al.Research on transformation technology of tight oil reservoir and its application[J].Well Testing,2015,24(1):4-7.
[13]陈海力,邓素芬,王琳,等.蜀南地区储层分段压裂改造技术新进展及应用[J].钻采工艺,2015,38(5):52-54.CHEN Haili,DENG Sufen,WANG Lin,et al.Progress and application of staged fracturing techniques in Sichuan Shunan gas field[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2015,38(5):52-54.
[14]李敢,伊西峰,姜广彬,等.国外全通径分段压裂完井技术进展及趋势[J].钻采工艺,2015,38(4):41-44.LI Gan,YI Xifeng,JIANG Guangbin,et al.Development trend of foreign fullbore staged fracturing completion technology[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2015,38(4):41-44.
[15]刘辉,王宇,严俊涛,等.可溶性桥塞性能测试系统研制与应用[J].石油机械,2018,46(10):83-86.LIU Hui,WANG Yu,YAN Juntao,et al.Development and application of dissoluble bridgeplug performance test system[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2018,46(10):83-86.
[16]曾雨辰,杨保军,王凌冰.涪页HF-1井泵送易钻桥塞分段大型压裂技术[J].石油钻采工艺,2012,34(5):75-79.ZENG Yuchen,YANG Baojun,WANG Lingbing.Largescale staged fracturing technology with pump-down drillable bridge plug for well Fuye HF-1[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2012,34(5):75-79.
[17]周长静,张燕明,周少伟,等.苏里格致密砂岩气藏水平井体积压裂技术研究与试验[J].钻采工艺,2015,38(1):44-47.ZHOU Changjing,ZHANG Yanming,ZHOU Shaowei,et al.Study and experiment on volumetric fracturing technology of horizontal well for Sulige tight sandstone gas reservoir[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2015,38(1):44-47.
[18]逄仁德,高健明,崔莎莎.水力泵送桥塞分段多簇体积压裂技术在AP959井的应用[J].石油地质与工程,2015,29(4):125-128.PANG Rende,GAO Jianming,CUI Shasha.Application of combined operation tech of bridge plug deliverad by pump and perforation in horizontal well[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2015,29(4):125-128.
[19]陆峰,潘登.页岩气藏体积压裂后地面连续捕屑除砂排液工艺[J].钻采工艺[J].2015,38(5):49-51.LU Feng,PAN Deng.Continuous debris capture,desanding and flowback technology after volume fracturing in shale gas reservoir[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2015,38(5):49-51.
[20]陈海力,邓素芬,王琳,等.免钻磨大通径桥塞技术在页岩气水平井分段改造中的应用[J].钻采工艺,2016,39(2):123-125.CHEN Haili,DENG Sufen,WANG Lin,et al.Application of drill-free large-diameter bridge plug technology in segmental reconstruction of shale gas horizontal wells[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2016,39(2):123-125.
[21]周小林,高志华,张冲.龙凤山气田大通径免钻桥塞分段压裂先导试验[J].油气井测试,2018,27(1):62-67.ZHOU Xiaolin,GAO Zhihua,ZHANG Chong.Pilot tests of staged fracturing involving large-diameter drill-free bridge plugs in the Longfengshan gas field[J].Well Testing,2018,27(1):62-67.
[22]张毅,于丽敏,仁勇强,等.一种新型可降解压裂封隔器坐封球[J].油气井测试,2018,27(2):53-58.ZHANG Yi,YU Limin,REN Yongqiang,et al.A new type of degradable setting ball for fracturing packers[J].Well Testing,2018,27(2):53-58.
[23]刘运楼,李斌,潘勇,等.分层压裂用可溶球的研制[J].天然气工业,2016,36(9):96-101.LIU Yunlou,LI Bin,PAN Yong,et al.Research and development of soluble ball for staged fracturing[J].Natural Gas Industry,2016,36(9):96-101.
[24]王林,张世林,平恩顺,等.分段压裂用可降解桥塞研制及其性能评价[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(24):228-232.WANG Lin,ZHANG Shilin,PING Enshun,et al.Development and performance evaluation of the degradable bridge plug for staged fracturing[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2017,17(24):228-232.
[25]王林,平恩顺,张建华,等.可降解桥塞研制及其承压性能试验[J].石油机械,2017,45(2):64-67.WANG Lin,PING Enshun,ZHANG Jianhua,et al.Development and pressure bearing performance experiment of the degradable bridge plug[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2017,45(2):64-67.
[2]伊西锋.非常规油气水平井管内多级分段压裂新技术[J].石油机械,2014,42(4):62-66.YI Xifeng.New technology of multistage staged fracturing for unconventional oil-gas horizontal well[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2014,42(4):62-66.
[3]彭成勇.页岩油气水平井压裂工艺技术展望[J].天然气勘探与开发,2014,37(1):68-71.PENG Chengyong.Fracturing technologies used for shaleoil and shale-gas horizontal wells[J].Natural Gas Exploration&Development,2014,37(1):68-71.
[4]杨永青,王治华,王磊,等.无限级滑套压裂新工艺在苏里格气田的应用[J].钻采工艺,2015,38(1):62-63,75.YANG Yongqing,WANG Zhihua,WANG Lei,et al.Application of infinite stage sliding sleeve fracturing technology in Sulige gas field[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2015,38(1):62-63,75
[5]肖元相,来轩昂,周长静,等.长庆气田套管滑套压裂技术的研究与应用[J].钻采工艺,2015,38(4):61-64.XIAO Yuanxiang,LAI Xuan’ang,ZHOU Changjing,et al.Research and application of casing sleeve fracturing technology in Changqing gas field[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2015,38(4):61-64.
[6]李立政,卢秀德,孙兆岩.连续油管分段压裂技术在低渗透油气藏中的应用实践[J].钻采工艺,2015,38(2):78-81.LI Lizheng,LU Xiude,SUN Zhaoyan.Application of coiled tubing staged fracturing technology in low-permeability reservoir[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2015,38(2):78-81.
[7]韩继勇,逄仁德,王书宝,等.水力喷射环空压裂技术在长庆油田的应用[J].钻采工艺,2015,38(1):48-50.HAN Jiyong,PANG Rende,WANG Shubao,et al.Application of hydraulic jet annulus sand-filled fracturing technology in Changqing Oilfield[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2015,38(1):48-50.
[8]侯光东,陈飞,刘达.水力泵送桥塞压裂技术在长庆油田的应用[J].钻采工艺,2015,38(2):54-56.HOU Guangdong,CHEN Fei,LIU Da.Application of hydraulic pumping bridge plug fracturing technology in changing oilfield[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2015,38(2):54-56.
[9]李军贤.泵送桥塞射孔联作技术在水平井的应用[J].油气井测试,2017,26(6):56-57,61.LI Junxian.Application of combined operation tech of bridge plug delivered by pump and perforation in horizontal well[J].Well Testing,2017,26(6):56-57,61.
[10]李博博,蒋龙,韩焘,等.水力泵送桥塞-射孔联作压裂技术在长庆油田的规模应用[J].国外测井技术,2017,38(1):45-47.LI Bobo,JIANG Long,HAN Tao,et al.Application of combined operation tech of bridge plug delivered by hydraulic pump and perforation fracturing technology in changing oilfield[J].World Well Logging Technology,2017,38(1):45-47.
[11]谢建华,刘崇江,赵骊川,等.桥塞压裂工艺技术[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2004,34(3):38-39,91.XIE Jianhua,LIU Chongjiang,ZHAO Lichuan,et al.Bridge plug fracturing technique[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2004,34(3):38-39,91.
[12]郑立军,才博,冉凤华,等.致密油储层改造技术研究与应用[J].油气井测试,2015,24(1):4-7.ZHENG Lijun,CAI Bo,RAN Fenghua,et al.Research on transformation technology of tight oil reservoir and its application[J].Well Testing,2015,24(1):4-7.
[13]陈海力,邓素芬,王琳,等.蜀南地区储层分段压裂改造技术新进展及应用[J].钻采工艺,2015,38(5):52-54.CHEN Haili,DENG Sufen,WANG Lin,et al.Progress and application of staged fracturing techniques in Sichuan Shunan gas field[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2015,38(5):52-54.
[14]李敢,伊西峰,姜广彬,等.国外全通径分段压裂完井技术进展及趋势[J].钻采工艺,2015,38(4):41-44.LI Gan,YI Xifeng,JIANG Guangbin,et al.Development trend of foreign fullbore staged fracturing completion technology[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2015,38(4):41-44.
[15]刘辉,王宇,严俊涛,等.可溶性桥塞性能测试系统研制与应用[J].石油机械,2018,46(10):83-86.LIU Hui,WANG Yu,YAN Juntao,et al.Development and application of dissoluble bridgeplug performance test system[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2018,46(10):83-86.
[16]曾雨辰,杨保军,王凌冰.涪页HF-1井泵送易钻桥塞分段大型压裂技术[J].石油钻采工艺,2012,34(5):75-79.ZENG Yuchen,YANG Baojun,WANG Lingbing.Largescale staged fracturing technology with pump-down drillable bridge plug for well Fuye HF-1[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2012,34(5):75-79.
[17]周长静,张燕明,周少伟,等.苏里格致密砂岩气藏水平井体积压裂技术研究与试验[J].钻采工艺,2015,38(1):44-47.ZHOU Changjing,ZHANG Yanming,ZHOU Shaowei,et al.Study and experiment on volumetric fracturing technology of horizontal well for Sulige tight sandstone gas reservoir[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2015,38(1):44-47.
[18]逄仁德,高健明,崔莎莎.水力泵送桥塞分段多簇体积压裂技术在AP959井的应用[J].石油地质与工程,2015,29(4):125-128.PANG Rende,GAO Jianming,CUI Shasha.Application of combined operation tech of bridge plug deliverad by pump and perforation in horizontal well[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2015,29(4):125-128.
[19]陆峰,潘登.页岩气藏体积压裂后地面连续捕屑除砂排液工艺[J].钻采工艺[J].2015,38(5):49-51.LU Feng,PAN Deng.Continuous debris capture,desanding and flowback technology after volume fracturing in shale gas reservoir[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2015,38(5):49-51.
[20]陈海力,邓素芬,王琳,等.免钻磨大通径桥塞技术在页岩气水平井分段改造中的应用[J].钻采工艺,2016,39(2):123-125.CHEN Haili,DENG Sufen,WANG Lin,et al.Application of drill-free large-diameter bridge plug technology in segmental reconstruction of shale gas horizontal wells[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2016,39(2):123-125.
[21]周小林,高志华,张冲.龙凤山气田大通径免钻桥塞分段压裂先导试验[J].油气井测试,2018,27(1):62-67.ZHOU Xiaolin,GAO Zhihua,ZHANG Chong.Pilot tests of staged fracturing involving large-diameter drill-free bridge plugs in the Longfengshan gas field[J].Well Testing,2018,27(1):62-67.
[22]张毅,于丽敏,仁勇强,等.一种新型可降解压裂封隔器坐封球[J].油气井测试,2018,27(2):53-58.ZHANG Yi,YU Limin,REN Yongqiang,et al.A new type of degradable setting ball for fracturing packers[J].Well Testing,2018,27(2):53-58.
[23]刘运楼,李斌,潘勇,等.分层压裂用可溶球的研制[J].天然气工业,2016,36(9):96-101.LIU Yunlou,LI Bin,PAN Yong,et al.Research and development of soluble ball for staged fracturing[J].Natural Gas Industry,2016,36(9):96-101.
[24]王林,张世林,平恩顺,等.分段压裂用可降解桥塞研制及其性能评价[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(24):228-232.WANG Lin,ZHANG Shilin,PING Enshun,et al.Development and performance evaluation of the degradable bridge plug for staged fracturing[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2017,17(24):228-232.
[25]王林,平恩顺,张建华,等.可降解桥塞研制及其承压性能试验[J].石油机械,2017,45(2):64-67.WANG Lin,PING Enshun,ZHANG Jianhua,et al.Development and pressure bearing performance experiment of the degradable bridge plug[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2017,45(2):64-67.