不同生长基质的苔藓植物优势种生态位与种间联结
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摘要
对重庆大巴山国家级自然保护区内800—2400 m海拔区间,岩石和土壤两种基质的苔藓植物群落进行样方调查。以不同植被类型作为资源状态,分别计算群落优势种的生态位宽度和生态位重叠值。采用方差比率法、卡方检验(χ2)和种间联结系数(AC)分析种间联结性。结果表明,石生和土生苔藓植物优势种在落叶阔叶林中的重要值均最高。15种石生苔藓植物优势种的生态位宽度为0.574—1.783,其中大羽藓的生态位宽度最大; 10种土生苔藓植物优势种的生态位宽度为0—1.361,其中厚角绢藓的生态位宽度最大。石生和土生苔藓优势种间的生态位重叠值分别为0.048—0.939和0—0.998。两种基质优势苔藓种间总体联结性的方差比率VR均小于1,且W值均不在置信区间内,表明种间总体上呈现显著负联结,群落处于演替的前期或中期。石生和土生苔藓优势种分别有37对和20对种对的联结性达到显著水平。同一物种在不同基质上的生态位宽度存在差异。同一种对在不同基质上的生态位重叠值和种间联结系数也存在差异。
Bryophyte communities at altitudes of 800 m to 2400 m on both rocks and soil were investigated in Dabashan National Nature Reserve,Chongqing. Niche breadth and niche overlap of dominant bryophytes on the two substrates were calculated and analyzed,using vegetation type as the resource. Variance ratios( VR),χ~2tests,and association coefficients( AC) were used to analyze interspecific associations. The results showed that the highest importance values of dominant bryophytes on both rocks and soil occurred in deciduous broad-leaved forest. Niche breadth values of the 15 most-dominant bryophytes on rocks ranged from 0.574 to 1.783. Among these species,Thuidium cymbifolium had the highest niche breadth value. On the other hand,niche breadth values of the 10 most-dominant bryophytes on soil ranged from 0 to 1.361; that of Entodon concinnus was the highest. Niche overlap between dominant species on rocks and soil varied from 0.048 to 0.939 and from 0 to 0. 998,respectively. The VR values were both less than 1 and the W values were outside the confidence intervals,which indicated that there were significantly negative correlations between dominant species on rocks and on soil and that the bryophyte communities were in the primary stage of succession. Interspecific associations of 37 bryophyte species pairs on rocks and 20 species pairs on soil reached significant levels. Niche breadths of the same species,and niche overlap and AC of the same species pairs on the two different substrates were different.
Bryophyte communities at altitudes of 800 m to 2400 m on both rocks and soil were investigated in Dabashan National Nature Reserve,Chongqing. Niche breadth and niche overlap of dominant bryophytes on the two substrates were calculated and analyzed,using vegetation type as the resource. Variance ratios( VR),χ~2tests,and association coefficients( AC) were used to analyze interspecific associations. The results showed that the highest importance values of dominant bryophytes on both rocks and soil occurred in deciduous broad-leaved forest. Niche breadth values of the 15 most-dominant bryophytes on rocks ranged from 0.574 to 1.783. Among these species,Thuidium cymbifolium had the highest niche breadth value. On the other hand,niche breadth values of the 10 most-dominant bryophytes on soil ranged from 0 to 1.361; that of Entodon concinnus was the highest. Niche overlap between dominant species on rocks and soil varied from 0.048 to 0.939 and from 0 to 0. 998,respectively. The VR values were both less than 1 and the W values were outside the confidence intervals,which indicated that there were significantly negative correlations between dominant species on rocks and on soil and that the bryophyte communities were in the primary stage of succession. Interspecific associations of 37 bryophyte species pairs on rocks and 20 species pairs on soil reached significant levels. Niche breadths of the same species,and niche overlap and AC of the same species pairs on the two different substrates were different.
引文
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[25]王刚,赵松岭,张鹏云,陈庆诚.关于生态位定义的探讨及生态位重叠计测公式改进的研究.生态学报,1984,4(2):119-127.
[26]徐满厚,刘敏,翟大彤,刘彤.植物种间联结研究内容与方法评述.生态学报,2016,36(24):8224-8233.
[27]张悦,郭利平,易雪梅,曹伟,王远遐,吴培莉,姬兰柱.长白山北坡3个森林群落主要树种种间联结性.生态学报,2015,35(1):106-115.
[2] Turetsky M R. The role of bryophytes in carbon and nitrogen cycling. The Bryologist,2003,106(3):395-409.
[3] Goffinet B,Shaw A J. Bryophyte Biology. 2nd ed. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2009.
[4]郭水良,曹同.长白山主要生态系统地面藓类植物的生态位研究.生态学报,2001,21(2):231-236.
[5]陈旭,卜兆君,王升忠,李鸿凯,赵红艳.长白山哈泥泥炭地七种苔藓植物生态位.应用生态学报,2009,20(3):574-578.
[6]郭磊,韦博良,胡金涛,贾宏汝,叶永忠,袁志良.基于两个不同资源轴上苔藓植物生态位分析.生态学报,2017,37(21):7266-7276.
[7]谢小伟,郭水良.浙江金华市郊地面苔藓植物生态位研究.广西植物,2003,23(2):112-120.
[8]陈怡,曹同,宋国元,于晶.上海市地面藓类植物生态位研究.应用生态学报,2005,16(1):39-43.
[9]徐晟翀,曹同,于晶,陈怡,宋国元.上海市树附生苔藓植物生态位.生态学杂志,2006,25(11):1338-1343.
[10]刘艳,曹同,王剑,曹阳.杭州市区土生苔藓植物分布与生态因子的关系.应用生态学报,2008,19(4):775-781.
[11]曾竞,卜兆君,马进泽,赵高林,龙川,李伟,张兵将,曲欢,冯璐.金川泥炭地两个尺度下苔藓植物间及其与维管植物间的种间关系分析.植物科学学报,2012,30(5):459-467.
[12]殷声锋,王智慧,张朝晖.喀斯特重度石漠化地区苔藓植物优势种的种间关联性研究.生态科学,2016,35(5):90-95.
[13]刘艳,皮春燕,田尚.重庆大巴山国家级自然保护区苔藓植物多样性.生物多样性,2016,24(2):244-247.
[14]邓洪平.重庆大巴山国家级自然保护区生物多样性.北京:科学出版社,2015:48-50.
[15]高谦.中国苔藓志第二卷凤尾藓目丛藓目.北京:科学出版社,1996.
[16]黎兴江.中国苔藓志第三卷紫萼藓目葫芦藓目四齿藓目.北京:科学出版社,2000.
[17]黎兴江.中国苔藓志第四卷真藓目.北京:科学出版社,2006.
[18]吴鹏程,贾渝.中国苔藓志第五卷变齿藓目.北京:科学出版社,2011.
[19]吴鹏程.中国苔藓志第六卷油藓目灰藓目.北京:科学出版社,2002.
[20]胡人亮,王幼芳.中国苔藓志第七卷灰藓目.北京:科学出版社,2005.
[21]吴鹏程,贾渝.中国苔藓志第八卷灰藓目烟杆藓目金发藓目藻苔目.北京:科学出版社,2004.
[22] Shannon C E,Weaver W. The Mathematical Theory of Communication. Chicago:University of Illinois Press,1971.
[23] Pianka E R. The structure of lizard communities. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics,1973,4:53-74.
[24] Schluter D. A variance test for detecting species associations,with some example applications. Ecology,1984,65(3):998-1005.
[25]王刚,赵松岭,张鹏云,陈庆诚.关于生态位定义的探讨及生态位重叠计测公式改进的研究.生态学报,1984,4(2):119-127.
[26]徐满厚,刘敏,翟大彤,刘彤.植物种间联结研究内容与方法评述.生态学报,2016,36(24):8224-8233.
[27]张悦,郭利平,易雪梅,曹伟,王远遐,吴培莉,姬兰柱.长白山北坡3个森林群落主要树种种间联结性.生态学报,2015,35(1):106-115.