断油回流停缸策略对发动机油耗及轴系扭振的影响
|
摘要
在一台1.5L自然吸气发动机上,设计了基于断油回流策略的发动机停缸机构,该机构可以使进气供给自由切换为新鲜混合气供给或废气回流两种模式,同时发动机电控单元可以切断指定气缸的燃油供给和点火,从而实现停缸操作。利用该停缸机构开展了中低转速不同负荷下的油耗与扭振特性试验。试验结果表明:在中低转速部分负荷下采用停缸技术发动机节油效果明显,节油率最高可以达到15%。但停缸之后曲轴系统扭振以低阶滚振为主,且飞轮端扭振变化显著,部分谐次扭振幅值超过自由端,因此在应用停缸技术时需要关注飞轮端的扭振问题。
An engine cylinder deactivation device based on waste gas return scheme was designed for a1.5 Lnatural aspiration engine.The device can make the intake system switch freely between fresh mixture and high temperature exhaust gas.Simultaneously the electronic control unit(ECU)can shut off fuel supply system and stop the ignition of the deactivated cylinder,so as to make the cylinder stop operation.With the cylinder deactivation device,engine fuel consumption and torsional vibration at low and medium speeds with different loads were experimentally investigated.The test results indicate that the cylinder deactivation technology can obviously save fuel at low and medium speeds with partial load,with fuel saving by up to15%.However,cylinder deactivation can cause a significant increase in crankshaft torsional vibration with low order rolling vibration in dominance.And the torsional vibration at the flywheel end is remarkable,with the amplitudes of some orders being greater than those at the free end.Therefore,the torsional vibration of the flywheel end should be considered when applying the engine cylinder deactivation technology.
An engine cylinder deactivation device based on waste gas return scheme was designed for a1.5 Lnatural aspiration engine.The device can make the intake system switch freely between fresh mixture and high temperature exhaust gas.Simultaneously the electronic control unit(ECU)can shut off fuel supply system and stop the ignition of the deactivated cylinder,so as to make the cylinder stop operation.With the cylinder deactivation device,engine fuel consumption and torsional vibration at low and medium speeds with different loads were experimentally investigated.The test results indicate that the cylinder deactivation technology can obviously save fuel at low and medium speeds with partial load,with fuel saving by up to15%.However,cylinder deactivation can cause a significant increase in crankshaft torsional vibration with low order rolling vibration in dominance.And the torsional vibration at the flywheel end is remarkable,with the amplitudes of some orders being greater than those at the free end.Therefore,the torsional vibration of the flywheel end should be considered when applying the engine cylinder deactivation technology.
引文
[1]陈礼勇,周小波,邬斌扬,等.高压共轨柴油机随机停缸策略的试验研究[J].内燃机工程,2016,37(5):205-210.CHEN L Y,ZHOU X B,WU B Y,et al.Experimental research on random cylinder deactivation strategy for high pressure common rail diesel engine[J].Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering,2016,37(5):205-210.
[2]BREU F,GUGGENBICHLER S,WOLLMANN J.Cylinder deactivation on 4cylinder engines:a torsional vibration analysis[D].Eindhoven:Eindhoven University of Technology,2007.
[3]MILLO F,MIRZAEIAN M,LUISI S,et al.Engine displacement modularity for enhancing automotive S.I.engines efficiency at part load[J].Fuel,2016,180:645-652.
[4]韩宗奇.轿车发动机变工作排量技术与应用研究[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学,2010.
[5]DOUGLAS K J,MILOVANOVIC N,TURNER J,et al.Fuel economy improvement using combined CAI and cylinder deactivation(CDA)-an initial study[C/OL].SAE Paper,2005,2005-01-0110.(2005-04-11).https://doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-0110.
[6]VINODH B.Technology for cylinder deactivation[C/OL].SAE Paper,2005,2005-01-0077.(2005-04-11).https://doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-0077.
[7]RAIFORD G L.Systems and methods to control torsional vibration in an internal combustion engine with cylinder deactivation:US20090007877[P].2009-06-23.
[8]BREVICK J E,BERGER A H,LOPEZ S R.Crankshaft assembly for enabling engine cylinder deactivation:US6688272[P].2004-02-10.
[9]KAMBRATH J K,ALEXANDER A A,WANG Y,et al.Dynamic analysis of diesel generator set under cylinder deactivation[C].Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo.Chicago:IEEE,2017:370-375.
[10]丁明峰.可变排量技术在直喷汽油机上应用的研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2015.
[11]FLIERL R,LAUER F,BREUER M,et al.Cylinder deactivation with mechanically fully variable valve train[J].SAE International Journal of Engines,2012,5(2):207-215.
[12]TANG X,HU X,YANG W,et al.Novel torsional vibration modeling and assessment of a power-split hybrid electric vehicle equipped with a dual mass flywheel[J].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,2017,67(3):1990-2000.
[13]王祺.内燃机轴系扭转振动[M].大连:大连理工大学出版社,1991.
[14]郑启福.内燃机动力学[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1991.
[15]强强,吴坚,曾志新,等.汽油机停缸扭振特性分析[J].机械科学与技术,2015,34(4):498-501.QIANG Q,WU J,ZENG Z X,et al.Analysis on torsion vibration characteristics of gasoline engine with cylinder deactivation[J].Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering,2015,34(4):498-501.
[16]杨延相,蔡晓林,杜青,等.天津市道路汽车行驶工况的研究[J].汽车工程,2002,24(3):200-204.YANG Y X,CAI X L,DU Q,et al.Investigation into vehicle driving mode in Tianjin[J].Automotive Engineering,2002,24(3):200-204.
[17]ALBERTO B,JOSEPH S.A novel mechanism for piston deactivation improving the part load performances of multicylinder engines[C].Proceedings of the FISITA 2012 World Automotive Congress.Berlin,Heidelberg:Springer,2013,189(1):3-17.
[18]袁兆成,马家义,李盛成,等.发动机扭振测试及数据分析方法的研究[C]//青岛:2013年LMS中国用户大会论文集,2013.
[2]BREU F,GUGGENBICHLER S,WOLLMANN J.Cylinder deactivation on 4cylinder engines:a torsional vibration analysis[D].Eindhoven:Eindhoven University of Technology,2007.
[3]MILLO F,MIRZAEIAN M,LUISI S,et al.Engine displacement modularity for enhancing automotive S.I.engines efficiency at part load[J].Fuel,2016,180:645-652.
[4]韩宗奇.轿车发动机变工作排量技术与应用研究[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学,2010.
[5]DOUGLAS K J,MILOVANOVIC N,TURNER J,et al.Fuel economy improvement using combined CAI and cylinder deactivation(CDA)-an initial study[C/OL].SAE Paper,2005,2005-01-0110.(2005-04-11).https://doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-0110.
[6]VINODH B.Technology for cylinder deactivation[C/OL].SAE Paper,2005,2005-01-0077.(2005-04-11).https://doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-0077.
[7]RAIFORD G L.Systems and methods to control torsional vibration in an internal combustion engine with cylinder deactivation:US20090007877[P].2009-06-23.
[8]BREVICK J E,BERGER A H,LOPEZ S R.Crankshaft assembly for enabling engine cylinder deactivation:US6688272[P].2004-02-10.
[9]KAMBRATH J K,ALEXANDER A A,WANG Y,et al.Dynamic analysis of diesel generator set under cylinder deactivation[C].Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo.Chicago:IEEE,2017:370-375.
[10]丁明峰.可变排量技术在直喷汽油机上应用的研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2015.
[11]FLIERL R,LAUER F,BREUER M,et al.Cylinder deactivation with mechanically fully variable valve train[J].SAE International Journal of Engines,2012,5(2):207-215.
[12]TANG X,HU X,YANG W,et al.Novel torsional vibration modeling and assessment of a power-split hybrid electric vehicle equipped with a dual mass flywheel[J].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,2017,67(3):1990-2000.
[13]王祺.内燃机轴系扭转振动[M].大连:大连理工大学出版社,1991.
[14]郑启福.内燃机动力学[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1991.
[15]强强,吴坚,曾志新,等.汽油机停缸扭振特性分析[J].机械科学与技术,2015,34(4):498-501.QIANG Q,WU J,ZENG Z X,et al.Analysis on torsion vibration characteristics of gasoline engine with cylinder deactivation[J].Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering,2015,34(4):498-501.
[16]杨延相,蔡晓林,杜青,等.天津市道路汽车行驶工况的研究[J].汽车工程,2002,24(3):200-204.YANG Y X,CAI X L,DU Q,et al.Investigation into vehicle driving mode in Tianjin[J].Automotive Engineering,2002,24(3):200-204.
[17]ALBERTO B,JOSEPH S.A novel mechanism for piston deactivation improving the part load performances of multicylinder engines[C].Proceedings of the FISITA 2012 World Automotive Congress.Berlin,Heidelberg:Springer,2013,189(1):3-17.
[18]袁兆成,马家义,李盛成,等.发动机扭振测试及数据分析方法的研究[C]//青岛:2013年LMS中国用户大会论文集,2013.