超临界压力下碳氢燃料在竖直圆管内对流换热实验研究
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摘要
采用超临界压力碳氢燃料作为冷却剂的再生冷却技术是超声速燃烧冲压发动机的一种重要热防护技术。本文以工程碳氢燃料为工质,在内径2 mm的竖直圆管内进行了不同流向、流量、压力、热流密度条件下的对流换热实验研究。结果表明,在较高进口Re数条件下,相同热流密度时,向上流动和向下流动工况的壁温分布没有明显差别;在较低进口Re条件下,向上流动工况的局部壁温远高于对应向下流动工况,发生传热恶化。研究表明该碳氢燃料的临界Bo*数判据为3×10~(-7)。拟合得到适用于该碳氢燃料的对流换热关联式。
Hydrocarbon fuels at supercritical pressures are being considered as coolants to meet the cooling requirements of future high-performance aircraft with regenerative cooling systems.This paper presents experimental investigations on convection heat transfer of a particular real fuel at supercritical pressures in vertical tubes with inner diameters of 2 mm.and effects of flowing direction,mass flux,pressure and heat flux were studied.The wall temperature distributions of upward and downward flow were almost the same with conditions of same heat flux and relatively high inlet Reynolds number,while heat transfer deterioration was observed in upward flow with conditions of low Reynolds numbers,which resulted in higher local wall temperature.The threshold of Bo* was found to be 3.0×10~(-7),which was slightly different from former works.A new convection heat transfer correlation was obtained based on experimental data.
Hydrocarbon fuels at supercritical pressures are being considered as coolants to meet the cooling requirements of future high-performance aircraft with regenerative cooling systems.This paper presents experimental investigations on convection heat transfer of a particular real fuel at supercritical pressures in vertical tubes with inner diameters of 2 mm.and effects of flowing direction,mass flux,pressure and heat flux were studied.The wall temperature distributions of upward and downward flow were almost the same with conditions of same heat flux and relatively high inlet Reynolds number,while heat transfer deterioration was observed in upward flow with conditions of low Reynolds numbers,which resulted in higher local wall temperature.The threshold of Bo* was found to be 3.0×10~(-7),which was slightly different from former works.A new convection heat transfer correlation was obtained based on experimental data.
引文
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[12]ZHU Yinhai,LIU Bo,JIANG Peixue.Experimental and Numerical Investigations on nDecane Thermal Cracking at Supercritical Pressures in a Vertical Tube[J].Energy&Fuels,2014,28(1):466-474
[13]刘波.超临界压力流体在圆管内对流换热及热裂解研究[D].北京:清华大学,2013LIU Bo.Researches on In-tube Convection Heat Transfer and Thermal Cracking of Supercritical Pressure Fluids[D],Beijing:Tsinghua University,2013
[14]McEligot D M,Jackson J D.Deterioration Criteria for Convective Heat Transfer in Gas Flow Through Noncircular Ducts[J].Nuclear Engineering and Design,2004,232(3):327-333
[15]JIANG Peixue,LIU Bo,ZHAO Chenru,et al.Convection Heat Transfer of Supercritical Pressure Carbon Dioxide in a Vertical Micro Tube from Transition to Turbulent Flow Regime[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2013,56(1/2):741-749
[16]Jackson J D.Consideration of the Heat Transfer Properties of Supercritical Pressure Water in Connection with the Cooling of Advanced Nuclear Reactors[C]//13th Pacific Basin Nuclear Conference,2002:21-25
[17]Jackson J D.Fluid Flow and Convective Heat Transfer to Fluids at Supercritical Pressure[J].Nuclear Engineering and Design,2013,264(11):24-40
[2]Huang He,Spadaccini L J,Sobel D R.Fuel-cooled Thermal Management for Advanced Aeroengines[J].Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power,2004,126(2):284-293
[3]Jackson J D,Hall W B.Forced Convection Heat Transfer to Fluids at Supercritical Pressure[C]//Turbulent Forced Convection in Channels and Bundles.New York:Hemisphere Publishing Corporation,1979:563-611
[4]Jackson J D,Hall W B.Influences of Buoyancy on Heat Transfer to Fluids Flowing in Vertical Tubes under Turbulent Conditions[C]//Turbulent Forced Convection in Channels and Bundles.New York:Hemisphere Publishing Corporation,1979:613-640
[5]JIANG Peixue,ZHANG Yu,XU Yijun,et al.Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Convection Heat Transfer of CO_2 at Supercritical Pressures in a Vertical Tube at Low Reynolds Numbers[J].International Journal of Thermal Sciences,2008,47(8):998-1011
[6]JIANG Peixue,ZHANG Yu,ZHAO Chenru,et al.Convection Heat Transfer of CO_2 at Supercritical Pressures in a Vertical Mini Tube at Relatively Low Reynolds Numbers[J].Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science.2008.32(8):1628-1637
[7]McEligot D M,Coon C W,Perkins H C.Relaminarization in Tubes[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,1970,13(2):431-433
[8]Hitch B,Karpuk M.Enhancement of Heat Transfer and Elimination of Flow Oscillations in Supercritical Fuels[C]//34th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit,1998
[9]ZHANG Lei,ZHANG Ruoling,XIAO Shide.Experimental and Calculational Study on Convective Heat Transfer of n-Decane under Supercritical Pressure[J].Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics,2014,28(2):14-20
[10]LIU Zhiqi,LIANG Jianhan,PAN Yu.Numerical Analysis of Heat Transfer Deterioration of China RP-3 Aviation Kerosene in a Circular Tube at Supercritical Pressures[C]//11th AIAA/ASME Joint Thermophysics and Heat Transfer Conference,2014
[11]WANG Xi,LIU Bo,ZHU Yinhai,et al.Experimental Investigation on Convection Heat Transfer of Supercritical Pressure RP-3 in a Small Pipe[J].Journal of Engineering Thermaphysics,2015,36(2):360-365
[12]ZHU Yinhai,LIU Bo,JIANG Peixue.Experimental and Numerical Investigations on nDecane Thermal Cracking at Supercritical Pressures in a Vertical Tube[J].Energy&Fuels,2014,28(1):466-474
[13]刘波.超临界压力流体在圆管内对流换热及热裂解研究[D].北京:清华大学,2013LIU Bo.Researches on In-tube Convection Heat Transfer and Thermal Cracking of Supercritical Pressure Fluids[D],Beijing:Tsinghua University,2013
[14]McEligot D M,Jackson J D.Deterioration Criteria for Convective Heat Transfer in Gas Flow Through Noncircular Ducts[J].Nuclear Engineering and Design,2004,232(3):327-333
[15]JIANG Peixue,LIU Bo,ZHAO Chenru,et al.Convection Heat Transfer of Supercritical Pressure Carbon Dioxide in a Vertical Micro Tube from Transition to Turbulent Flow Regime[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2013,56(1/2):741-749
[16]Jackson J D.Consideration of the Heat Transfer Properties of Supercritical Pressure Water in Connection with the Cooling of Advanced Nuclear Reactors[C]//13th Pacific Basin Nuclear Conference,2002:21-25
[17]Jackson J D.Fluid Flow and Convective Heat Transfer to Fluids at Supercritical Pressure[J].Nuclear Engineering and Design,2013,264(11):24-40