基于农田土壤的超声波传播特性试验
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摘要
超声波作为一种可靠的无损检测技术,是实现精准农业的重要手段。农田环境可能存在着小石块等异物,研究超声波在含石土壤中的传播特性有助于实现农田环境的精准监控。为此,以Biot模型为基础,建立了非饱和土壤环境下超声波的传播模型,并试验验证模型。以不同的土石成分、土石比例混合而成的岩土混合体作为传播试样,探究超声波在试样的声速、衰减系数等参数。试验以砂土、壤土为试验样土,以白玉石、刚玉圆球作为试验石块,结果表明:超声波声速与衰减系数与土石比例具有较好的相关性;随着土石混合体石块比例上升,声波均出现振幅减弱、声速下降的现象。
Ultrasonic wave is one of the robust nondestructive testing technology,which play an important role in precision agriculture. There is some small stone in soil of farm,therefore ultrasonic test of mixture of soil and rock is helpful for monitoring the situation of soil. In this paper,we study on the sound velocity and attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic wave in the rock and soil mixture. Fine sands and red loams were used as experimental soil,and white marble and corundum ball were used as experimental rocks. The experimental results show that the ultrasonic velocity and attenuation coefficient have a good correlation with the ratio of rock and soil. With the increase of rock mass ratio,the sound velocity and attenuation coefficient decreases.
Ultrasonic wave is one of the robust nondestructive testing technology,which play an important role in precision agriculture. There is some small stone in soil of farm,therefore ultrasonic test of mixture of soil and rock is helpful for monitoring the situation of soil. In this paper,we study on the sound velocity and attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic wave in the rock and soil mixture. Fine sands and red loams were used as experimental soil,and white marble and corundum ball were used as experimental rocks. The experimental results show that the ultrasonic velocity and attenuation coefficient have a good correlation with the ratio of rock and soil. With the increase of rock mass ratio,the sound velocity and attenuation coefficient decreases.
引文
[1]宋艳,黄留锁.农业土壤含水率监测及灌溉系统研究—基于物联网模式[J].农机化研究,2017,39(4):237-240.
[2]徐长节,徐良英,杨园野.三相非饱和土参数对波的传播的影响研究[J].岩土力学,2015(S2):340-344.
[3]李君,徐岩,姜锐,等.超声波土壤含水量检测装置的模型建立与验证[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(13):127-133.
[4] Oelze M L,O'Brien W D,Darmody R G. Measurement of attenuation and speed of sound in soil[J]. Soil Science,2002,66(3):788-796.
[5]王宇,李晓,胡瑞林,等.岩土超声波测试研究进展及应用综述[J].工程地质学报,2015,23(2):287-300.
[6]李世海,汪远年.三维离散元土石混合体随机计算模型及单向加载试验数值模拟[J].岩土工程学报,2004(2):172-177.
[7]杜启振,杨慧珠.线性黏弹性各向异性介质速度频散和衰减特征研究[J].物理学报,2002,51(9):2101-2108.
[8] Nakano Y,Iii R J M,Smith M. Ultrasonic velocities of the dilatational and shear waves in frozen soils[J]. Water Resources Research,1972,8(4):1024-1030.
[9]王海洋,孙赞东,Mark CHAPMAN.岩石中波传播速度频散与衰减[J].石油学报,2012,33(2):332-342.
[10]梁利喜,周龙涛,刘向君,等.孔洞结构对超声波衰减特性的影响研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015(S1):3208-3214.[11〗徐长节,蔡袁强,吴世明.非饱和土结构对声速的影响[J].声学学报,1998(4):367-372.
[12]杜功焕,朱哲民,龚秀芬.声学基础[M].南京:南京大学出版社,2012.
[13]黑宝平.非均匀介质中孔洞或夹杂对弹性波的散射研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2015.
[14] Li H C,Ju S H. Study of irregular behavior of shear waves in layered soil using matrix and finite element methods[J].Applied Acoustics,2013,74(7):968-973.
[2]徐长节,徐良英,杨园野.三相非饱和土参数对波的传播的影响研究[J].岩土力学,2015(S2):340-344.
[3]李君,徐岩,姜锐,等.超声波土壤含水量检测装置的模型建立与验证[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(13):127-133.
[4] Oelze M L,O'Brien W D,Darmody R G. Measurement of attenuation and speed of sound in soil[J]. Soil Science,2002,66(3):788-796.
[5]王宇,李晓,胡瑞林,等.岩土超声波测试研究进展及应用综述[J].工程地质学报,2015,23(2):287-300.
[6]李世海,汪远年.三维离散元土石混合体随机计算模型及单向加载试验数值模拟[J].岩土工程学报,2004(2):172-177.
[7]杜启振,杨慧珠.线性黏弹性各向异性介质速度频散和衰减特征研究[J].物理学报,2002,51(9):2101-2108.
[8] Nakano Y,Iii R J M,Smith M. Ultrasonic velocities of the dilatational and shear waves in frozen soils[J]. Water Resources Research,1972,8(4):1024-1030.
[9]王海洋,孙赞东,Mark CHAPMAN.岩石中波传播速度频散与衰减[J].石油学报,2012,33(2):332-342.
[10]梁利喜,周龙涛,刘向君,等.孔洞结构对超声波衰减特性的影响研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015(S1):3208-3214.[11〗徐长节,蔡袁强,吴世明.非饱和土结构对声速的影响[J].声学学报,1998(4):367-372.
[12]杜功焕,朱哲民,龚秀芬.声学基础[M].南京:南京大学出版社,2012.
[13]黑宝平.非均匀介质中孔洞或夹杂对弹性波的散射研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2015.
[14] Li H C,Ju S H. Study of irregular behavior of shear waves in layered soil using matrix and finite element methods[J].Applied Acoustics,2013,74(7):968-973.