零压式高空气球球形设计与参数敏感性分析
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摘要
高空气球能够为临近空间科学实验提供可靠的平台,其形状直接关系到气球制作及飞行的全过程。提出将多段打靶法与序列二次规划法结合,对零压气球完全膨胀和部分膨胀状态下的球形进行求解,并运用有限元方法对球形进行稳定性及应力应变分析,验证了所推导球形的正确性。在此基础上,对影响气球形状的关键参数进行灵敏度分析及相关运用,从定量的角度得到气球载荷、飞行高度及昼夜温差对气球形状的影响规律。
High altitude balloon provides a reliable platform for high altitude scientific experiments. The shape of the balloon is directly related to the whole process of making and flying. The multiple-shooting method was combined with the sequence of two quadratic programming method, and the under-expansion shape and optimum-expansion shape were obtained. In addition, the finite element method was used to analyze the stability and stress and strain of the sphere to verify the correctness of the derived sphere. On this basis, the sensitivity analysis and related application of the key parameters affecting the balloon shape were carried out, and the effects of balloon load, flight altitude and temperature difference between day and night on the balloon shape were obtained quantitatively.
High altitude balloon provides a reliable platform for high altitude scientific experiments. The shape of the balloon is directly related to the whole process of making and flying. The multiple-shooting method was combined with the sequence of two quadratic programming method, and the under-expansion shape and optimum-expansion shape were obtained. In addition, the finite element method was used to analyze the stability and stress and strain of the sphere to verify the correctness of the derived sphere. On this basis, the sensitivity analysis and related application of the key parameters affecting the balloon shape were carried out, and the effects of balloon load, flight altitude and temperature difference between day and night on the balloon shape were obtained quantitatively.
引文
[1] Yajima N, Izutsu N, Imamura T, et al. Scientific ballooning[M]. USA: Springer, 2009: 19-40.
[2] Upson R H. Stress in a partially inflated free balloon with note on optimum design and performance for stratosphere exploration[J]. Journal of the Aeronautical Sciences, 1939, 6(4): 153-156.
[3] Morris A L. Scientific balloon handbook[Z]. National Center for Atmospheric Research, 1975: V1-V26.
[4] Smalley J H. Determination of the shape of a free balloon[J]. AFCRL, 1965: 65-92.
[5] Li Y H, Huang X L, Gu Y D. An improved shape for zero-pressure balloons[J].Advances in Space Research, 1987, 7(7): 53-58.
[6] Yajima N, Izutsu N, Honda H, et al. Three dimensional Gore design concept for high-pressure balloons[J]. Journal of Aircraft, 2012, 38(4): 738-744.
[7] 姜鲁华.大型高空气球的球形设计及形变和变工况研究[D].北京: 中国科学院, 1991.JIANG Luhua. Shape design and deformation with variable operation condition research of large high altitude balloon[D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1991.(in Chinese)
[8] Baginski F, Collier W, Williams T.A parallel shooting method for determining the natural shape of a large scientific balloon[J]. SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics, 1998, 58(3): 961-974.
[9] Deng X, Pellegrino S.Computation of partially inflated shapes of stratospheric balloon structures[C]//Proceedings of 55th AIAA Aerospace Structural Dynamics and Material Conference, 2008.
[10] Keller H B.Numerical solution of two point boundary value problems[C]//Proceedings of CBMS-NSF Regional Conference Series in Applied Mathematics, 1976.
[11] Morrison D D, Riley J D, Zancanaro J F. Multiple shooting methods for two-point boundary value problems[J]. Communications of the ACM, 1962, 5(12): 613-614.
[12] Yang X X, Zhang W H, Hou Z X. Improved thermal and vertical trajectory model for performance prediction of stratospheric balloons[J]. Journal of Aerospace Engineering, 2015, 28(3): 04014075.
[2] Upson R H. Stress in a partially inflated free balloon with note on optimum design and performance for stratosphere exploration[J]. Journal of the Aeronautical Sciences, 1939, 6(4): 153-156.
[3] Morris A L. Scientific balloon handbook[Z]. National Center for Atmospheric Research, 1975: V1-V26.
[4] Smalley J H. Determination of the shape of a free balloon[J]. AFCRL, 1965: 65-92.
[5] Li Y H, Huang X L, Gu Y D. An improved shape for zero-pressure balloons[J].Advances in Space Research, 1987, 7(7): 53-58.
[6] Yajima N, Izutsu N, Honda H, et al. Three dimensional Gore design concept for high-pressure balloons[J]. Journal of Aircraft, 2012, 38(4): 738-744.
[7] 姜鲁华.大型高空气球的球形设计及形变和变工况研究[D].北京: 中国科学院, 1991.JIANG Luhua. Shape design and deformation with variable operation condition research of large high altitude balloon[D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1991.(in Chinese)
[8] Baginski F, Collier W, Williams T.A parallel shooting method for determining the natural shape of a large scientific balloon[J]. SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics, 1998, 58(3): 961-974.
[9] Deng X, Pellegrino S.Computation of partially inflated shapes of stratospheric balloon structures[C]//Proceedings of 55th AIAA Aerospace Structural Dynamics and Material Conference, 2008.
[10] Keller H B.Numerical solution of two point boundary value problems[C]//Proceedings of CBMS-NSF Regional Conference Series in Applied Mathematics, 1976.
[11] Morrison D D, Riley J D, Zancanaro J F. Multiple shooting methods for two-point boundary value problems[J]. Communications of the ACM, 1962, 5(12): 613-614.
[12] Yang X X, Zhang W H, Hou Z X. Improved thermal and vertical trajectory model for performance prediction of stratospheric balloons[J]. Journal of Aerospace Engineering, 2015, 28(3): 04014075.