生长期、干旱及复水对苗木叶片超弱发光的影响
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摘要
为探究刺槐和侧柏对水分胁迫的响应和适应机制,比较刺槐和侧柏的抗旱性强弱,以生长条件基本一致的1年生刺槐和侧柏为供试材料,采用旱棚人工控水的方法,测定不同生长阶段末刺槐和侧柏叶的超弱发光值,分析生长期干旱及旱后复水对二者超弱发光的影响。结果表明:刺槐和侧柏叶的超弱发光值与生长期和土壤相对含水量有密切关系,随着生长期的延长,刺槐叶的超弱发光值呈现出依次降低(干旱历时60d的除外)的趋势,而侧柏叶的超弱发光值则呈现出生长后期>生长前期>生长中期的趋势;相同生长期,供水量对刺槐和侧柏叶的超弱发光值影响规律不同,刺槐叶的超弱发光值表现出凹曲线的趋势,而侧柏叶的超弱发光值则表现出先凹后凸的趋势,且在生长前期,土壤相对含水量对二者的超弱发光的影响最大;对刺槐和侧柏进行旱后复水处理,刺槐和侧柏叶的超弱发光值都出现恢复,刺槐叶的超弱发光值呈现出凹曲线的趋势,而侧柏叶的超弱发光值则呈现出凸曲线的趋势,说明侧柏旱后复水恢复比刺槐快,抗旱性比刺槐更强。在生产实践中,利用侧柏进行干旱地区植被恢复效果会更加明显。
In order to explore the response of Robinia pseudoacacia and Platycladus orientalis to water stress and adaptation mechanisms,and to compare their drought resistance strength,1-year-old seedlings of R.pseudoacaciaand P.orientalis were used as test materials,the dry awning was adopted to control the water artificially,and the valued of ultra weak luminescence(UWL)were measured in the final growth stage of different growth periods.The effects of growth period,drought and rewater on UWLof two species were investigated.The results showed that the UWL were closely related to the growth period and relative water content of soil.The UWLvalues of of R.pseudoacaciadecreased as the increase of growth period under the same soil water content.For P.orientalis,the values of UWL were in an order of later growth period> early period > middle period.In the same growth period,different soil relative water contents had different effects on the UWL.The UWLof R.pseudoacaciapresented a decrease and then increased trend,but the UWLof P.orientalisleaves exhibited an increased and then decrease trend after the first decrease.The contribution rate of the soil relative water content was the biggest to the UWLof both species.For the rewatering treatment,the UWL of both trees recovered after they were rewatered,the UWL of R.pseudoacaciashowed a first decrease and then increase trend,but the UWL of P.orientalis presented a first increase and then decrease trend,indicating that P.orientalis recovered more quickly thanR.pseudoacaciaafter being rewatered,and P.orientalis had a stronger drought tolerance than R.pseudoacacia.In practice,using P.orientalis for the vegetation restoration in arid regions would be more suitable.
In order to explore the response of Robinia pseudoacacia and Platycladus orientalis to water stress and adaptation mechanisms,and to compare their drought resistance strength,1-year-old seedlings of R.pseudoacaciaand P.orientalis were used as test materials,the dry awning was adopted to control the water artificially,and the valued of ultra weak luminescence(UWL)were measured in the final growth stage of different growth periods.The effects of growth period,drought and rewater on UWLof two species were investigated.The results showed that the UWL were closely related to the growth period and relative water content of soil.The UWLvalues of of R.pseudoacaciadecreased as the increase of growth period under the same soil water content.For P.orientalis,the values of UWL were in an order of later growth period> early period > middle period.In the same growth period,different soil relative water contents had different effects on the UWL.The UWLof R.pseudoacaciapresented a decrease and then increased trend,but the UWLof P.orientalisleaves exhibited an increased and then decrease trend after the first decrease.The contribution rate of the soil relative water content was the biggest to the UWLof both species.For the rewatering treatment,the UWL of both trees recovered after they were rewatered,the UWL of R.pseudoacaciashowed a first decrease and then increase trend,but the UWL of P.orientalis presented a first increase and then decrease trend,indicating that P.orientalis recovered more quickly thanR.pseudoacaciaafter being rewatered,and P.orientalis had a stronger drought tolerance than R.pseudoacacia.In practice,using P.orientalis for the vegetation restoration in arid regions would be more suitable.
引文
[1]袁佐清.生物超微弱发光研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(8):3092-3094.
[2]聂继云,彭运生.生物超弱发光及其应用研究概述[J].激光生物学报,1998,7(2):124-130.NIE J Y,PENG Y S.Superweak bioluminescence and its applied research[J].ACTA Laser Biology Sinica,1998,7(2):124-130.(in Chinese)
[3]潘卫仓,唐光金.马尾松和侧柏幼树超微弱发光的比较[J].现代园艺,2011(15):12-13.
[4]刘高峰,生物超微弱发光的研究进展[J].生物学教学,2013,38(6):2-3.
[5]杨超简.大豆、小麦、玉米的超弱发光与干旱条件下种子萌发的关系[J].生物化学与生物物理进展,1989,16(6):452-454.
[6]LIANG Y T,PANG R,FENG W,et al.Study on water-induced ultra-weak luminescence value of wheat kernels[J].Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering,2013,11(9):4935-941.
[7]张新华,李富军,申琳,等.超弱发光技术在植物逆境生理研究中的应用[J].植物生理学通讯,2009,45(9):931-935.ZHANG X H,LI F J,SHEN L,et al.Application of ultraweak luminescence technique in research of plant stress physiology[J].Plant Physiology Communications,2009,45(9):931-935.(in Chinese)
[8]张菊萍,张兴志,巩振辉.超微弱发光在蔬菜研究中的应用[J].中国农学通报,2006,22(1):220-222.ZHANG J P,ZHANG X Z,GONG Z H.Application of ultraweak bioluminescence in vegetable research[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2006,22(1):220-222.(in Chinese)
[9]王艳,王进鑫,马惠芳,等.干旱和铅胁迫对刺槐和紫穗槐抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2011,26(6):24-29.WANG Y,WANG J X,MA H F,et al.Effects of drought and lead stresses on antioxidant enzyme activities of Robinia pseudoacacia and Amorpha fruticosa[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2011,26(6):24-29.(in Chinese)
[10]初江涛,王进鑫,邹朋,等.干旱和铅胁迫对生长初期的国槐和侧柏叶绿素的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2012,27(4):19-23.CHU J T,WANG J X,ZOU P,et al.Effects of drought and Pb stress on the contents of chlorophylls of Sophor japonica and Platycladus orientalis in their initial growth stages[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2012,27(4):19-23.(in Chinese)
[11]吉增宝,王进鑫.干旱胁迫对侧柏幼树某些生理特性的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2009,24(6):6-9.JI Z B,WANG J X.The effect of drought stress on some physiological characters of Platycladus orientalis[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2009,24(6):6-9.(in Chinese)
[12]张新华,杨洪强,李富军.水分胁迫下苹果幼苗超弱发光及一些生理特性的变化[J].西北植物学报,2004,24(4):720-724.ZHANG X H,YANG H Q,LI F J.Changes of ultraweak luminescence and some physiological characters of apple seedlings under water stress[J].Acta Botanica Boreail-Occidentalia Sinica,2004,24(4):720-724.(in Chinese)
[13]张恒月,郭屹立,王磊,等.干旱和复水对大豆叶片光合生理特性及产量的影响[J].河南大学学报:自然科学版,2009,39(2):183-188.ZHANG H Y,GUO Y L,WANG L,et al.Effect of drought and re-watering on leaf photosynthetic physiology characteristics and yield of soybean[J].Journal of Henan University:Natural Science,2009,39(2):183-188.(in Chinese)
[14]苏珮,山仑.拔节期复水对玉米苗期受旱胁迫的补偿效应[J].植物生理学通讯,1995,31(5):341-344.
[15]高悦,朱永铸,杨志民,等.干旱胁迫和复水对冰草相关抗性生理指标的影响[J].草地学报,2012,20(2):336-341.GAO Y,ZHU Y Z,YANG Z M,et al.Effects of drought stress and recovery on antioxidant enzyme activities of Agropyron cristatum[J].Acta Agrectir Sinica,2012,20(2):336-341.(in Chinese)
[16]李继文,王进鑫,张慕黎,等.干旱及复水对刺槐叶水势的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2009,24(3):33-36.LI J W,WANG J X,ZHANG M L,et al.Effect of drought and rewater on leaf water potential of Robinia pseudoacacia[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2009,24(3):33-36.(in Chinese)
[17]李继文.土壤供水特征对刺槐和侧柏苗木主要水分生理特性和生长的影响[D].杨陵:西北农林科技大学,2009.
[18]宋丽华,高彬.持续干旱胁迫对中宁枸杞水分生理的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2010,25(3):15-19.SONG L H,GAO B.Effect of drought stress on water physiology in Lycium barbarum[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2010,25(3):15-19.(in Chinese)
[2]聂继云,彭运生.生物超弱发光及其应用研究概述[J].激光生物学报,1998,7(2):124-130.NIE J Y,PENG Y S.Superweak bioluminescence and its applied research[J].ACTA Laser Biology Sinica,1998,7(2):124-130.(in Chinese)
[3]潘卫仓,唐光金.马尾松和侧柏幼树超微弱发光的比较[J].现代园艺,2011(15):12-13.
[4]刘高峰,生物超微弱发光的研究进展[J].生物学教学,2013,38(6):2-3.
[5]杨超简.大豆、小麦、玉米的超弱发光与干旱条件下种子萌发的关系[J].生物化学与生物物理进展,1989,16(6):452-454.
[6]LIANG Y T,PANG R,FENG W,et al.Study on water-induced ultra-weak luminescence value of wheat kernels[J].Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering,2013,11(9):4935-941.
[7]张新华,李富军,申琳,等.超弱发光技术在植物逆境生理研究中的应用[J].植物生理学通讯,2009,45(9):931-935.ZHANG X H,LI F J,SHEN L,et al.Application of ultraweak luminescence technique in research of plant stress physiology[J].Plant Physiology Communications,2009,45(9):931-935.(in Chinese)
[8]张菊萍,张兴志,巩振辉.超微弱发光在蔬菜研究中的应用[J].中国农学通报,2006,22(1):220-222.ZHANG J P,ZHANG X Z,GONG Z H.Application of ultraweak bioluminescence in vegetable research[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2006,22(1):220-222.(in Chinese)
[9]王艳,王进鑫,马惠芳,等.干旱和铅胁迫对刺槐和紫穗槐抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2011,26(6):24-29.WANG Y,WANG J X,MA H F,et al.Effects of drought and lead stresses on antioxidant enzyme activities of Robinia pseudoacacia and Amorpha fruticosa[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2011,26(6):24-29.(in Chinese)
[10]初江涛,王进鑫,邹朋,等.干旱和铅胁迫对生长初期的国槐和侧柏叶绿素的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2012,27(4):19-23.CHU J T,WANG J X,ZOU P,et al.Effects of drought and Pb stress on the contents of chlorophylls of Sophor japonica and Platycladus orientalis in their initial growth stages[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2012,27(4):19-23.(in Chinese)
[11]吉增宝,王进鑫.干旱胁迫对侧柏幼树某些生理特性的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2009,24(6):6-9.JI Z B,WANG J X.The effect of drought stress on some physiological characters of Platycladus orientalis[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2009,24(6):6-9.(in Chinese)
[12]张新华,杨洪强,李富军.水分胁迫下苹果幼苗超弱发光及一些生理特性的变化[J].西北植物学报,2004,24(4):720-724.ZHANG X H,YANG H Q,LI F J.Changes of ultraweak luminescence and some physiological characters of apple seedlings under water stress[J].Acta Botanica Boreail-Occidentalia Sinica,2004,24(4):720-724.(in Chinese)
[13]张恒月,郭屹立,王磊,等.干旱和复水对大豆叶片光合生理特性及产量的影响[J].河南大学学报:自然科学版,2009,39(2):183-188.ZHANG H Y,GUO Y L,WANG L,et al.Effect of drought and re-watering on leaf photosynthetic physiology characteristics and yield of soybean[J].Journal of Henan University:Natural Science,2009,39(2):183-188.(in Chinese)
[14]苏珮,山仑.拔节期复水对玉米苗期受旱胁迫的补偿效应[J].植物生理学通讯,1995,31(5):341-344.
[15]高悦,朱永铸,杨志民,等.干旱胁迫和复水对冰草相关抗性生理指标的影响[J].草地学报,2012,20(2):336-341.GAO Y,ZHU Y Z,YANG Z M,et al.Effects of drought stress and recovery on antioxidant enzyme activities of Agropyron cristatum[J].Acta Agrectir Sinica,2012,20(2):336-341.(in Chinese)
[16]李继文,王进鑫,张慕黎,等.干旱及复水对刺槐叶水势的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2009,24(3):33-36.LI J W,WANG J X,ZHANG M L,et al.Effect of drought and rewater on leaf water potential of Robinia pseudoacacia[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2009,24(3):33-36.(in Chinese)
[17]李继文.土壤供水特征对刺槐和侧柏苗木主要水分生理特性和生长的影响[D].杨陵:西北农林科技大学,2009.
[18]宋丽华,高彬.持续干旱胁迫对中宁枸杞水分生理的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2010,25(3):15-19.SONG L H,GAO B.Effect of drought stress on water physiology in Lycium barbarum[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2010,25(3):15-19.(in Chinese)