快速伸缩复合训练对改善大学生健康体适能的研究
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摘要
目的探讨快速伸缩复合训练对大学生健康体适能的影响,为促进大学生健康提供合适的锻炼方法。方法选取常州工学院136名男生为研究对象,随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组进行2次/周,30 min/次的快速伸缩复合训练,为期15周;对照组仅进行常规的体育课教学。实验前后测试学生的体质健康指标。结果经过15周干预后,对照组体重、肺活量、50 m跑、立定跳远、1 000 m跑5项指标实验前后无明显变化,差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);引体向上、坐位体前屈成绩略有提高,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。实验组体重明显下降,肺活量、50 m跑、1 000 m跑、立定跳远和引体向上均有明显的提高,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01);坐位体前屈无明显提高,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 15周快速伸缩复合训练是提高大学生身体素质和健康水平的重要手段,可作为体育课的教学内容。
Objective To explore the influence of plyometrics on college students' physical health. Methods All 136 male students from Changzhou Institute of Technology were invited for this study,and were randomly assigned into the experimental group or control group. The experimental group was offered 30 min/time plyometrics 2 times/week during 15 weeks; The control group was only provided with regular physical education teaching. The physical fitness index of the students was tested before and after the experiment. Results After 15-weeks-intervention,seven indicators,including,weight,lung capacity,50 meter running,standing long jump,sitting body forward flexion,1 000 meter running in the control group were found with no significant changes before and after the experiment,there was no significantly statistical difference( P > 0. 05). The results of the introduction were slightly improved and there were significantly statistical differences( P<0.05). In the experimental group,weight,vital capacity,50 meter run,sitting body forward flexion,standing long jump and introduction were obviously improved,and all were found with a significantly statistical difference( P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the sitting body forward flexion,and there was no statistical differences( P>0.05). Conclusion The 15-week-plyometrics is an important stimulus to improve the physical quality and health level of college students. It can be used as the teaching content in physical education.
Objective To explore the influence of plyometrics on college students' physical health. Methods All 136 male students from Changzhou Institute of Technology were invited for this study,and were randomly assigned into the experimental group or control group. The experimental group was offered 30 min/time plyometrics 2 times/week during 15 weeks; The control group was only provided with regular physical education teaching. The physical fitness index of the students was tested before and after the experiment. Results After 15-weeks-intervention,seven indicators,including,weight,lung capacity,50 meter running,standing long jump,sitting body forward flexion,1 000 meter running in the control group were found with no significant changes before and after the experiment,there was no significantly statistical difference( P > 0. 05). The results of the introduction were slightly improved and there were significantly statistical differences( P<0.05). In the experimental group,weight,vital capacity,50 meter run,sitting body forward flexion,standing long jump and introduction were obviously improved,and all were found with a significantly statistical difference( P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the sitting body forward flexion,and there was no statistical differences( P>0.05). Conclusion The 15-week-plyometrics is an important stimulus to improve the physical quality and health level of college students. It can be used as the teaching content in physical education.
引文
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[13]王晓.快速伸缩复合训练对跳跃能力和快速移动能力影响的实验研究[D].北京:首都体育学院,2016.
[14]吕振兴,马志强.超等长训练法在运动训练中的应用要素浅析[J].青少年体育,2013,3(2):32-33.
[2]王雄,沈兆喆.身体功能训练动作手册[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2014:82.
[3]井兰香,刘宇.篮球运动员8周负重超等长训练后下肢及髋、膝、踝关节动力学和刚度变化[J].中国运动医学杂志,2010,29(4):417-429.
[4]胡安·卡洛斯·桑塔纳.功能性训练:提升运动表现的动作练习和方案设计[M].王雄,袁守龙,译.北京:人民邮电出版社,2017:96-111.
[5] CLOAK R,NEVILL A,SMITH J,et al.The acute effects of vibration stimulus following FIFA 11+on agility and reactive strength in collegiate soccer players[J].J Sport Health Sci,2014,3(3):293-298.
[6]姜宏斌.超等长训练负荷监控与实践效果评价的研究述评[J].武汉体育学院学报,2013,47(3):76-82.
[7]王安利,刘冬森.力量训练的理论探索及实践进展:循环训练和快速伸缩复合练习[J].中国学校体育,2014,1(9):75-79.
[8]尹贻杰.不同地面快速伸缩复合练习发展少儿下肢快速力量的实验研究[D].北京:北京体育大学,2017.
[9]喻伯海,等.两种抗组训练方法对肌力影响的研究[J]体育科技文献通报,2017,25(1):91-93.
[10]张晓晖.训练新方法:水中超等长训练及在运动训练中的应用[J].中国体育科技,2014,50(6):19-23.
[11]曹小祥.论快速伸缩复合训练在竞技体育中的训练:起源、问题、发展[J].安徽体育科技,2017,38(1):19-23.
[12]刘展.人体动作模式和运动链的理念在运动损伤防护和康复中的应用[J].成都体育学院学报,2016,42(6):1-11.
[13]王晓.快速伸缩复合训练对跳跃能力和快速移动能力影响的实验研究[D].北京:首都体育学院,2016.
[14]吕振兴,马志强.超等长训练法在运动训练中的应用要素浅析[J].青少年体育,2013,3(2):32-33.