面向电力线通信的OFDM符号定时同步算法
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摘要
提出了一种面向电力线通信的改进正交频分复用(OFDM)符号定时同步算法,该算法结合了延迟相关算法受信道多径效应影响小以及本地相关算法具有尖锐相关峰值的优点。以延迟相关算法为主体,将同步过程分解为3个状态;通过设置状态转换条件及超时机制,可有效降低电力线噪声造成定时误判,在延迟相关算法确定的定位状态下搜索本地相关算法的峰值。建立了算法的MATLAB仿真模型,在电力线信道模型及噪声条件下,对虚警漏警概率、同步性能、简化算法的影响等指标进行了仿真分析,验证了算法的有效性。
An OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbol timing synchronization algorithm for PLC(Power Line Communication) is proposed,which combines the advantages that the delay correlation algorithm is slightly affected by channel multipath effect and local correlation algorithm has sharp correlation peak. The synchronization process is divided into three states according to the delay correlation algorithm. Timing misjudgment caused by the power line noise is effectively reduced by setting the state transition condition and timeout mechanism. The peak of the local correlation algorithm is searched under the location determined by the delayed correlation algorithm. MATLAB simulation model of the proposed algorithm is built,under the condition of power line channel model and noise,the probability of false alarm & missing alarm,synchronization performance and influence of simplified algorithm are simulated and analyzed,and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified.
An OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbol timing synchronization algorithm for PLC(Power Line Communication) is proposed,which combines the advantages that the delay correlation algorithm is slightly affected by channel multipath effect and local correlation algorithm has sharp correlation peak. The synchronization process is divided into three states according to the delay correlation algorithm. Timing misjudgment caused by the power line noise is effectively reduced by setting the state transition condition and timeout mechanism. The peak of the local correlation algorithm is searched under the location determined by the delayed correlation algorithm. MATLAB simulation model of the proposed algorithm is built,under the condition of power line channel model and noise,the probability of false alarm & missing alarm,synchronization performance and influence of simplified algorithm are simulated and analyzed,and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified.
引文
[1] 胡正伟,谢荣圆,谢志远.基于QoS参数的电力线信道状态映射方法[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(10):159-165.HU Zhengwei,XIE Rongyuan,XIE Zhiyuan.Mapping of PLC channel status to QoS parameter[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(10):159-165.
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[5] 胡正伟,谢志远,郭以贺,等.基于终端通信质量的10 kV电力线通信组网方法[J].电力自动化设备,2013,33(9):144-150.HU Zhengwei,XIE Zhiyuan,GUO Yihe,et al.10 kV power line com-munication networking based on communication quality between terminals[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2013,33(9):144-150.
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[7] FERREIRA H C.Power line communications:theory and applica-tions for narrowband and broadband communications over power lines[M].New York,USA:John Wiley and Sons Publication,2010:365- 410.
[8] 刘晓胜,刘佳生,孙贺,等.用于电力线通信系统的OFDM定时同步算法[J].电力自动化设备,2018,38(1):179-183.LIU Xiaosheng,LIU Jiasheng,SUN He,et al.OFDM timing synchronization algorithm for power line communication system[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2018,38(1):179-183.
[9] 李风飞,胡国荣.电力线OFDM 通信系统的自适应定时同步阈值选择方法[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(23):93-96,129.LI Fengfei,HU Guorong.An adaptive threshold selection method for timing synchronization of OFDM-based power line communication system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(23):93-96,129.
[10] SCHMIDL T M,COX D C.Robust frequency and timing synchronization for OFDM[J].IEEE Transactions on Communications,1997,45(12):1613-1621.
[11] BOUTROS J,BUDA F,LEMOIS E,et al.Burst and symbol timing synchronization for the upstream channel in broadband cable access systems[C]//Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Communications(ICC'02).New York,NY,USA:IEEE,2002:1490-1495.
[12] 王勇,徐娟娟.OFDM 电力线载波通信系统中同步技术研究[J].电测与仪表,2O10,47(4):35-39.WANG Yong,XU Juanjuan.Study and analysis on synchronization for OFDM based power line communication systems[J].Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation,2010,47(4):35-39.
[13] 罗春风,文劲宇,杨慧敏,等.基于OFDM 电力线载波通信系统同步新方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,38(17):28-32.LUO Chunfeng,WEN Jinyu,YANG Huimin,et al.A new timing synchronization method for low-voltage OFDM power line communication system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2010,38(17):28-32.
[14] 李春阳,黑勇,乔树山.OFDM电力线载波通信系统的定时同步和模式识别[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(8):58-60.LI Chunyang,HEI Yong,QIAO Shushan.Timing synchronization and mode identification for OFDM based power line carrier communication systems[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(8):58-60.
[15] 李树青,冯恒.应用于G3-PLC的帧同步算法的设计与实现[J].电子科技,2012,25(5):137-141.LI Shuqing,FENG Heng.Design and realization of frame synchronization used in G3-PLC[J].Electronic Science and Technology,2012,25(5):137-141.
[16] 何世彪,张青,韩彦净,等.OFDM同步与信道估计研究及FPGA实现[J].计算机工程,2013,39(5):288-292.HE Shibiao,ZHANG Qing,HAN Yanjing,et al.Research on synchronization and channel estimation of OFDM and FPGA implementation[J].Computer Engineering,2013,39(5):288-292.
[17] FERREIRA H C,LAMPE L,NEWBURY J,et al.Power line communications:theory and applications for narrowband and broadband communications over power lines[M].New York,USA:John Wiley and Sons Publication,2010:445.
[18] SPAULDING D,MIDDLETON D.Optimum reception in an impul-sive noise environment-part I:coherent detection[J].IEEE Tran-sactions on Communications,1977,25(9):910-923.
[2] GALLI S,SCAGLIONE A,WANG Z F.For the grid and through the grid:the role of power line communication in the smart grid[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2010,99(6):998-1027.
[3] MATANZA J,ALEXANDRES S,RODRíGUEZ-MORCILLO C.Advanced metering infrastructure performance using European low-voltage power line communication networks[J].IET communications,2014,8(7):1041-1047.
[4] GIANAROLI F,PANCALDI F,VITETTA G M.The impact of statistical noise modeling on the error-rate performance of OFDM power-line communications[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Deli-very,2014,29(6):2622-2630.
[5] 胡正伟,谢志远,郭以贺,等.基于终端通信质量的10 kV电力线通信组网方法[J].电力自动化设备,2013,33(9):144-150.HU Zhengwei,XIE Zhiyuan,GUO Yihe,et al.10 kV power line com-munication networking based on communication quality between terminals[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2013,33(9):144-150.
[6] GALLI S,SCAGLIONE A,WANG Z F.For the grid and through the grid:the role of power line communication in the smart grid[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2010,99(6):998-1027.
[7] FERREIRA H C.Power line communications:theory and applica-tions for narrowband and broadband communications over power lines[M].New York,USA:John Wiley and Sons Publication,2010:365- 410.
[8] 刘晓胜,刘佳生,孙贺,等.用于电力线通信系统的OFDM定时同步算法[J].电力自动化设备,2018,38(1):179-183.LIU Xiaosheng,LIU Jiasheng,SUN He,et al.OFDM timing synchronization algorithm for power line communication system[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2018,38(1):179-183.
[9] 李风飞,胡国荣.电力线OFDM 通信系统的自适应定时同步阈值选择方法[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(23):93-96,129.LI Fengfei,HU Guorong.An adaptive threshold selection method for timing synchronization of OFDM-based power line communication system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(23):93-96,129.
[10] SCHMIDL T M,COX D C.Robust frequency and timing synchronization for OFDM[J].IEEE Transactions on Communications,1997,45(12):1613-1621.
[11] BOUTROS J,BUDA F,LEMOIS E,et al.Burst and symbol timing synchronization for the upstream channel in broadband cable access systems[C]//Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Communications(ICC'02).New York,NY,USA:IEEE,2002:1490-1495.
[12] 王勇,徐娟娟.OFDM 电力线载波通信系统中同步技术研究[J].电测与仪表,2O10,47(4):35-39.WANG Yong,XU Juanjuan.Study and analysis on synchronization for OFDM based power line communication systems[J].Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation,2010,47(4):35-39.
[13] 罗春风,文劲宇,杨慧敏,等.基于OFDM 电力线载波通信系统同步新方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,38(17):28-32.LUO Chunfeng,WEN Jinyu,YANG Huimin,et al.A new timing synchronization method for low-voltage OFDM power line communication system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2010,38(17):28-32.
[14] 李春阳,黑勇,乔树山.OFDM电力线载波通信系统的定时同步和模式识别[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(8):58-60.LI Chunyang,HEI Yong,QIAO Shushan.Timing synchronization and mode identification for OFDM based power line carrier communication systems[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(8):58-60.
[15] 李树青,冯恒.应用于G3-PLC的帧同步算法的设计与实现[J].电子科技,2012,25(5):137-141.LI Shuqing,FENG Heng.Design and realization of frame synchronization used in G3-PLC[J].Electronic Science and Technology,2012,25(5):137-141.
[16] 何世彪,张青,韩彦净,等.OFDM同步与信道估计研究及FPGA实现[J].计算机工程,2013,39(5):288-292.HE Shibiao,ZHANG Qing,HAN Yanjing,et al.Research on synchronization and channel estimation of OFDM and FPGA implementation[J].Computer Engineering,2013,39(5):288-292.
[17] FERREIRA H C,LAMPE L,NEWBURY J,et al.Power line communications:theory and applications for narrowband and broadband communications over power lines[M].New York,USA:John Wiley and Sons Publication,2010:445.
[18] SPAULDING D,MIDDLETON D.Optimum reception in an impul-sive noise environment-part I:coherent detection[J].IEEE Tran-sactions on Communications,1977,25(9):910-923.