马尾松超级苗生长特性及光合色素含量研究
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摘要
以贵州都匀市马鞍山林场国家马尾松良种为供试材料,对其超级苗与普通苗中的Ⅰ级苗、Ⅱ级苗在地上形态特征、根系结构特征及光合色素含量等方面进行研究。结果表明:超级苗地上部分生物量更多的积累在茎干内,超级苗茎、叶的生物量分配比例分别为40.8%和40.3%,而Ⅰ级苗叶的生物量所占比例是茎的2倍,Ⅱ级苗为2.7倍。超级苗根系相关参数,如根系总长、根表面积、体积及平均直径均显著高于普通苗,根系径级为3~4 mm的根系发育状况更好。与Ⅰ级苗相比,马尾松超级苗叶绿素含量及类胡萝卜素含量分别提高48.3%和11.7%,表现出较高的光合特性潜力。因此,超级苗出圃时有较明显的优势,但其实际造林效益还需综合考虑造林立地条件、环境气候因子的影响。
The test materials were improved seeds which phenotypic traits were from superior seedlings of Pinus massoniana in Ma Anshan forest farm,Jundu Guizhou.Varieties on growth performance,photosynthetic pigment,and root architecture between superior and normal Ⅰ,Ⅱ seedlings were analyzed in this study.The results showed that above ground biomass of superior seedlings mainly accumulated in stems,the allocation of biomass in leaves and stems were 40.8% and 40.3% in superior seedlings,but the allocation of biomass in leaves was twice times than stems in Ⅰ,Ⅱ seedlings were 2.7 times.Root length,diameter,surface area and volume of superior seedlings were significantly higher than normal seeds,especially for root diameter between 3 and 4 mm.The superior ones presented stronger photosynthetic ability,with 48.3% and 11.7% higher than seedlings in class I for chlorophyll.Generally,superior seedlings of P.massoniana had obvious advantage while out from nursery,however,planting performance in forestation should concern with influenced from environmental factors of site conditions.
The test materials were improved seeds which phenotypic traits were from superior seedlings of Pinus massoniana in Ma Anshan forest farm,Jundu Guizhou.Varieties on growth performance,photosynthetic pigment,and root architecture between superior and normal Ⅰ,Ⅱ seedlings were analyzed in this study.The results showed that above ground biomass of superior seedlings mainly accumulated in stems,the allocation of biomass in leaves and stems were 40.8% and 40.3% in superior seedlings,but the allocation of biomass in leaves was twice times than stems in Ⅰ,Ⅱ seedlings were 2.7 times.Root length,diameter,surface area and volume of superior seedlings were significantly higher than normal seeds,especially for root diameter between 3 and 4 mm.The superior ones presented stronger photosynthetic ability,with 48.3% and 11.7% higher than seedlings in class I for chlorophyll.Generally,superior seedlings of P.massoniana had obvious advantage while out from nursery,however,planting performance in forestation should concern with influenced from environmental factors of site conditions.
引文
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[19]叶露幻,沈唯军,郑宝刚,等.两优培九剑叶衰老过程光合模功能及蛋白质复合物的变化[J].作物学报,2013,39(11):2030-2038.
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[21]何春霞,李吉跃,张燕香,等.5种绿化树种叶片比重、光合色素含量和δ13C的开度与方位差异[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(2):134-143.
[22]闫萌萌,王铭伦,王洪波,等.光质对花生幼苗叶片光和色素含量及光合特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(2):483-487.
[23]刘勇.中国北方主要针叶造林树种苗木质量的研究-苗木形态与苗木生理的关系[J].北京林业大学学报,1995,17(4):119-122.
[24]封丹,张厚江,季梦婷,等.苗木质量分级方法研究综述[J].林业机械与木工设备,2016,44(4):10-15.
[25]赵德英,袁继存,徐锴,等.不同矮化中间砧嘎啦苹果幼树形态与不同径级根系养分累积分布特征[J].华北农学报,2016,31(4):184-191.
[26]张蕊,王艺,金国庆,等.施氮对木荷3个种源幼苗根系发育和氮磷效率的影响[J].生态学报,2013,33(12):3611-3621.
[2]李国雷,刘勇,祝燕,等.国外苗木质量研究进展[J].世界林业研究,2011,24(2):27-35.
[3]Davis A S,Jacob D F.Quantifying root system quality of nursery seedlings and relationship to out planting performance[J].New Forests,2005,30(2/3):295-311.
[4]Wilson B C,Jacobs D F.Quality assessment of temperate zone deciduous hardwood seedlings[J].New Forests,2006,31(3):417-433.
[5]吕学辉,魏巍,陈诗,等.云南松优良家系超级苗选择研究[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,34(1):113-119.
[6]刘代亿,李根前,李莲芳,等.云南松超级苗选择初探[J].福建林业科技,2010,37(3):102-103.
[7]梁一民,陈云明.论黄土高原造林的适地适树与适地适林[J].水土保持通报,2014(3):69-72.
[8]王章荣,陈天华,周志春,等.福建华安马尾松生长早晚期相关及早期选择[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),1987,11(3):41-47.
[9]冯源恒,杨章旗,李火根,等.不同时期广西马尾松优良种源的遗传多样性变化趋势[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,40(5):41-46.
[10]周政贤.中国马尾松[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2001:87-101.
[11]GB 6000—1999主要造林树种苗木质量分级[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1999.
[12]Dere S,Gunes T,Sivaci R.Spectrophotometric determination of chlorophyll-A,B and total carotenoid contents of some algae species using different solvents[J].Turkish Journal of Botany,1998,22(1):13-17.
[13]江赢,周世敏,高尔刚,等.艾纳香容器苗苗木分级研究[J].种子,2014(8):118-123.
[14]李玉莲,张亚楠,王子奕.评价出圃苗木质量的几个主要指标[J].林业科技,2007,32(4):12-12.
[15]Garau A M,Ghersa C M,Lemcoff H,et al.Weed in Eucalyptus globules subsp.maidenii(F.Muell)establishment:effects of competition on sapling growth and survivorship[J].New Forests,2009,37(3):251-264.
[16]张洁,李天来,徐晶.昼间亚高温对日光温室番茄生长发育、产量及品质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(6):1051-1055.
[17]周艳虹,喻景权,钱琼秋,等.低温弱光对黄瓜幼苗生长及抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2003,14(6):921-924.
[18]王猛,曹福祥,龙绛雪,等.马尾松捕光叶绿素a/b结合蛋白基因cab-Pml的克隆与原核表达[J].林业科学,2010,46(9):172-177.
[19]叶露幻,沈唯军,郑宝刚,等.两优培九剑叶衰老过程光合模功能及蛋白质复合物的变化[J].作物学报,2013,39(11):2030-2038.
[20]郭太君,胡昕,葛新新,等.遮阴对细叶百合和松叶百合生长发育及光合色素含量的影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2013,44(7):128-131.
[21]何春霞,李吉跃,张燕香,等.5种绿化树种叶片比重、光合色素含量和δ13C的开度与方位差异[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(2):134-143.
[22]闫萌萌,王铭伦,王洪波,等.光质对花生幼苗叶片光和色素含量及光合特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(2):483-487.
[23]刘勇.中国北方主要针叶造林树种苗木质量的研究-苗木形态与苗木生理的关系[J].北京林业大学学报,1995,17(4):119-122.
[24]封丹,张厚江,季梦婷,等.苗木质量分级方法研究综述[J].林业机械与木工设备,2016,44(4):10-15.
[25]赵德英,袁继存,徐锴,等.不同矮化中间砧嘎啦苹果幼树形态与不同径级根系养分累积分布特征[J].华北农学报,2016,31(4):184-191.
[26]张蕊,王艺,金国庆,等.施氮对木荷3个种源幼苗根系发育和氮磷效率的影响[J].生态学报,2013,33(12):3611-3621.