基于用户均衡分析的公路超限车辆补偿费率优化模型
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摘要
为更加合理地测算计重收费模式下超限车辆的补偿费率,在对超限运输车辆进行用户均衡分析的基础上研究了超限车辆补偿费率优化的新方法。通过超限运输用户的运输行为选择均衡分析,构建多类超限运输用户出行网络均衡分配的变分不等式模型;从系统的角度对超限运输的收益和成本进行分析。在此基础上,构建超限车辆补偿费率双层规划定价模型,上层规划描述管理者追求系统效益最大化的思想,下层规划采用多类用户均衡模型描述超限运输者的的出行选择行为,通过模型求解可以获得路网中超限车辆的最优补偿费率。设计了相应的模拟退火求解算法。算例分析结果表明:该定价模型由于综合考虑了管理者和用户的利益,能较合理地计算得到超限车辆补偿费率。
In order to estimate the reimbursement rate on oversize vehicles under the toll-by-weight model more reasonably,a new method to optimize reimbursement rate on oversize vehicles was studied based on user equilibrium analysis.The variational inequality model of equilibrium assignment in multiple oversize vehicles user classes network was built through equilibrium analysis on the transportation behavior of carriers who carry goods in oversize vehicles.From the perspective of systems,the benefit and cost on oversize vehicles were analyzed.The bi-level programming optimization method on oversize vehicle's reimbursement rate was put forward.The upper-level programming of the proposed model describes,the administrator has the idea to pursue the maximum system benefit efficiency.The lower-level programming adopts a multi-class user equilibrium model to simulate the route choice behavior of oversize vehicles.By solving the proposed model,the optimal reimbursement rate on oversize vehicles of the road network can be obtained.Moreover,the solution steps of the model via the the simulated annealing algorithm was designed.The results of a numerical example indicate that the reimbursement rate on overload vehicles can be reasonably gotten through the optimization model owing to comprehensively taking the benefit of the administrators and users into consideration.
In order to estimate the reimbursement rate on oversize vehicles under the toll-by-weight model more reasonably,a new method to optimize reimbursement rate on oversize vehicles was studied based on user equilibrium analysis.The variational inequality model of equilibrium assignment in multiple oversize vehicles user classes network was built through equilibrium analysis on the transportation behavior of carriers who carry goods in oversize vehicles.From the perspective of systems,the benefit and cost on oversize vehicles were analyzed.The bi-level programming optimization method on oversize vehicle's reimbursement rate was put forward.The upper-level programming of the proposed model describes,the administrator has the idea to pursue the maximum system benefit efficiency.The lower-level programming adopts a multi-class user equilibrium model to simulate the route choice behavior of oversize vehicles.By solving the proposed model,the optimal reimbursement rate on oversize vehicles of the road network can be obtained.Moreover,the solution steps of the model via the the simulated annealing algorithm was designed.The results of a numerical example indicate that the reimbursement rate on overload vehicles can be reasonably gotten through the optimization model owing to comprehensively taking the benefit of the administrators and users into consideration.
引文
[1]张欢,史峰,卢毅,等.公路超限车辆补偿费率定价模型研究[J].公路交通科技,2009,26(11):146-152.ZHANG Huan,SHI Feng,LU Yi,et al.Research on pricingmodel of compensation rate for road oversize vehicle[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and De-velopment,2009,26(11):146-152.
[2]Taylor B,Bergan A,Lindgren N,et al.The importance ofcommercial vehicle weight enformcement in safety and roadasset management[C]//Paper presented at the TrafficTechnology International 2000,Annual Review,2000:234-237.
[3]Strathman J G.Economics of overloading and the effect ofweight enforcement[EB/OL].http://www.upa.pdx.edu/CUS/publications/docs,2001.
[4]李忠奎,荣朝和.治理公路超载超限运输的长效机制和对策研究[J].中国公路学报,2005,18(4):96-99.LI Zhong-kui,RONG Chao-he.Research on long-termsolution mechanism and countermeasure to overload and o-versize transportation of highway[J].China Journal ofHighway and Transport,2005,18(4):96-99.
[5]陈荫三.运用经济杠杆长效治理超载超限运输[J].中国公路学报,2004,17(2):94-99.CHEN Yin-san.Long-term effective solution to the over-load transportation with economic lever[J].China Journalof Highway and Transport,2004,17(2):94-99.
[6]彭波,吴涛.超限车辆对公路损坏的补偿费率研究[J].公路,2001(2):84-88.PENG Bo,WU Tao.Research on damage compensationrate of road overloading vehicle[J].Highway,2001(2):84-88.
[7]何兆益,许茂增,唐伯明.基于公路增量投资的重庆市干线公路超限车辆补偿费分析[J].重庆交通学院学报,2002,21(4):87-92.HE Zhao-yi,XU Mao-zeng,TANG Bo-ming.The out-of-lim vehicles supplementary fee analysis of Chongqing'smain highway based on highway supplementary invest[J].Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University,2002,21(4):87-92.
[8]张欢.高速公路计重收费关键问题研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2010.ZHANG Huan.Research on key problems of expresswaytoll by weight[D].Changsha:Central South University,2010.
[2]Taylor B,Bergan A,Lindgren N,et al.The importance ofcommercial vehicle weight enformcement in safety and roadasset management[C]//Paper presented at the TrafficTechnology International 2000,Annual Review,2000:234-237.
[3]Strathman J G.Economics of overloading and the effect ofweight enforcement[EB/OL].http://www.upa.pdx.edu/CUS/publications/docs,2001.
[4]李忠奎,荣朝和.治理公路超载超限运输的长效机制和对策研究[J].中国公路学报,2005,18(4):96-99.LI Zhong-kui,RONG Chao-he.Research on long-termsolution mechanism and countermeasure to overload and o-versize transportation of highway[J].China Journal ofHighway and Transport,2005,18(4):96-99.
[5]陈荫三.运用经济杠杆长效治理超载超限运输[J].中国公路学报,2004,17(2):94-99.CHEN Yin-san.Long-term effective solution to the over-load transportation with economic lever[J].China Journalof Highway and Transport,2004,17(2):94-99.
[6]彭波,吴涛.超限车辆对公路损坏的补偿费率研究[J].公路,2001(2):84-88.PENG Bo,WU Tao.Research on damage compensationrate of road overloading vehicle[J].Highway,2001(2):84-88.
[7]何兆益,许茂增,唐伯明.基于公路增量投资的重庆市干线公路超限车辆补偿费分析[J].重庆交通学院学报,2002,21(4):87-92.HE Zhao-yi,XU Mao-zeng,TANG Bo-ming.The out-of-lim vehicles supplementary fee analysis of Chongqing'smain highway based on highway supplementary invest[J].Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University,2002,21(4):87-92.
[8]张欢.高速公路计重收费关键问题研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2010.ZHANG Huan.Research on key problems of expresswaytoll by weight[D].Changsha:Central South University,2010.