高温高压气井井筒温度场计算与分析
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摘要
为确保高温高压气井的安全钻井,有必要对高温高压气井的井筒温度场进行研究。考虑井筒流体与地层传热,根据热力学定律和能量守恒定律,建立了钻井液循环期间钻柱内及环空流体瞬态温度模型,分析了钻井液排量和循环时间对环空温度的影响。研究结果表明:循环温度与静温剖面的偏离程度随循环排量和循环时间的增加而增大;小排量时环空钻井液温度比排量较大时更接近于静温剖面;随着排量的增加,井底循环温度逐渐降低;在相同排量下,随着循环时间的延长,环空瞬态温度场偏离静止温度场越多,环空温度逐渐趋于稳定。基于该瞬态温度模型,结合顺北鹰1井参数,计算得到的钻井液出口温度与现场实测值很接近,相对误差均在7%以内,验证了模型的可靠性。
To ensure safe drilling of HTHP gas wells,it is necessary to study the wellbore temperature field in HTHP gas wells. Considering the heat transfer of wellbore fluid and formation,based on the thermodynamics law and the energy conservation law,the transient temperature model of the fluid in the drill string and the annulus during the drilling fluid circulation is established. The influence of drilling fluid displacement and circulation time on the annulus temperature is analyzed. The results show that the deviation between circulation temperature and static temperature profile increases with the increase of circulation displacement and time. The temperature of annulus drilling fluid is closer to the static temperature profile with large displacement. With the increase of displacement,the circulation temperature of the bottomhole gradually decreases. Given the same displacement,as the circulation time increases,the transient annulus temperature field deviates further from the static temperature field,and gradually stabilizes. Based on the developed transient temperature model,combined with the parameters of the Well Shunbeiying 1,the calculated outlet drilling fluid temperature is close to the field measured value with a relative error of less than 7%,which verifies the reliability of the model.
To ensure safe drilling of HTHP gas wells,it is necessary to study the wellbore temperature field in HTHP gas wells. Considering the heat transfer of wellbore fluid and formation,based on the thermodynamics law and the energy conservation law,the transient temperature model of the fluid in the drill string and the annulus during the drilling fluid circulation is established. The influence of drilling fluid displacement and circulation time on the annulus temperature is analyzed. The results show that the deviation between circulation temperature and static temperature profile increases with the increase of circulation displacement and time. The temperature of annulus drilling fluid is closer to the static temperature profile with large displacement. With the increase of displacement,the circulation temperature of the bottomhole gradually decreases. Given the same displacement,as the circulation time increases,the transient annulus temperature field deviates further from the static temperature field,and gradually stabilizes. Based on the developed transient temperature model,combined with the parameters of the Well Shunbeiying 1,the calculated outlet drilling fluid temperature is close to the field measured value with a relative error of less than 7%,which verifies the reliability of the model.
引文
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[17] LI G,YANG M,MENG Y F,et al. Transient heattransfer models of wellbore and formation systems dur-ing the drilling process under well kick conditions inthe bottom-hole[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2016,93:339-347.
[18]栾智勇,尚跃强,刘明,等.稠油热采闭式热流体循环井筒温度场分析[J].石油机械,2012,40(6):79-82.LUAN Z Y,SHANG Y Q,LIU M,et al. Analysis ofthe wellbore temperature field in closed thermal fluidcirculation for heavy oil thermal recovery[J]. ChinaPetroleum Machinery,2012,40(6):79-82.
[19]周赵川,王辉,代向辉,等.海上采油井筒温度计算及隔热管柱优化设计[J].石油机械,2014,42(4):43-48.ZHOU Z C,WANG H,DAI X H,et al. Calculationof offshore oil production wellbore temperature and op-timal design of heat-proof string[J]. China PetroleumMachinery,2014,42(4):43-48.
[20]崔猛,翟应虎,于洋,等.钻头机械能对深水钻井井筒温度场的影响分析[J].石油机械,2010,38(11):23-27.CUI M,ZHAI Y H,YU Y,et al. The effect of themechanical energy of the drill bit on the temperaturefield in deep-water borehole[J]. China PetroleumMachinery,2010,38(11):23-27.
[2]张清玉,邹建龙,谭文礼,等.国内外高温深井固井技术研究现状[J].钻井液与完井液,2005,22(6):57-61.ZHANG Q Y,ZHOU J L,TAN W L,et al. The ad-vances of cementing technology for high temperature anddeep well home and abroad[J]. Drilling Fluid Comple-tion Fluid,2005,22(6):57-61.
[3]杨勇,戴建文,林荣壮,等.高温水泥浆沉降稳定性[J].钻井液与完井液,2010,27(6):55-57.YANG Y,DAI J W,LIN R Z,et al. Study on settle-ment stability of cement slurry in high temperature[J].Drilling Fluid Completion Fluid,2010,27(6):55-57.
[4]万立夫,李根生,黄中伟,等.超临界流体侵入井筒多相流动规律研究[J].钻采工艺,2012,35(3):9-13.WAN L F,LI G S,HUANG Z W,et al. Research onthe principles of wellbore multiphase flow during super-critical fluid influx[J]. Drilling&Production Technol-ogy,2012,35(3):9-13.
[5] RAMEY H J J. Wellbore heat transmission[J]. Jour-nal of Petroleum Technology,1962,14(4):427-435.
[6] ALVES I N,ALHANATI F J S,SHOHAM O. A unifiedmodel for predicting flowing temperature distribution inwellbores and pipelines[J]. SPE Production Engineer-ing,1992,7(4):363-367.
[7] HASAN A R,KABIR C S. Aspects of wellbore heattransfer during two-phase flow(includes associated pa-pers 30226 and 30970)[J]. SPE Production&Facili-ties,1994,9(3):211-216.
[8] SAGAR R,DOTY D R,SCHMIDT Z. Predicting tem-perature profiles in a flowing well[J]. SPE ProductionEngineering,1991,6(4):441-448.
[9] KABIR C S,HASAN A R,JORDAN D L,et al. Awellbore/reservoir simulator for testing gas wells in high-temperature reservoirs[J]. SPE Formation Evaluation,1996,11(2):128-134.
[10] SPINDLER R P. Analytical models for wellbore-tem-perature distribution[J]. SPE Journal, 2011, 16(1):125-133.
[11] ABDOLLAHI J,DUBLJEVIC S. Transient fluid tem-perature estimation in wellbores[J]. Ifac ProceedingsVolumes,2013,46(14):108-113.
[12] SATMAN A,TUREYEN O I. Geothermal wellboreheat transmission:stabilization times for “static”and“transient”wellbore temperature profiles[J]. Geo-thermics,2016,64:482-489.
[13] AKBAR S,FATHIANPOUR N,KHOURY R A. A fi-nite element model for high enthalpy two-phase flow ingeothermal wellbores[J]. Renewable Energy,2016,94:223-236.
[14]高永海,孙宝江,王志远,等.深水钻探井筒温度场的计算与分析[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,32(2):58-62..GAO Y H,SUN B J,WANG Z Y,et al. Calculationand analysis of wellbore temperature field in deepwaterdrilling[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum,China(Edition of Natural Science),2008,32(2):58-62.
[15]宋洵成,管志川.深水钻井井筒全瞬态传热特征[J].石油学报,2011,32(4):704-708.SONG X C,GUAN Z C. Full transient analysis of heattransfer during drilling fluid circulation in deep-waterwells[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(4):704-708.
[16]杨谋,孟英峰,李皋,等.钻井全过程井筒-地层瞬态传热模型[J].石油学报,2013,34(2):366-371.YANG M,MENG Y F,LI G,et al. A transient heattransfer model of wellbore and formation during thewhole drilling process[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(2):366-371.
[17] LI G,YANG M,MENG Y F,et al. Transient heattransfer models of wellbore and formation systems dur-ing the drilling process under well kick conditions inthe bottom-hole[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2016,93:339-347.
[18]栾智勇,尚跃强,刘明,等.稠油热采闭式热流体循环井筒温度场分析[J].石油机械,2012,40(6):79-82.LUAN Z Y,SHANG Y Q,LIU M,et al. Analysis ofthe wellbore temperature field in closed thermal fluidcirculation for heavy oil thermal recovery[J]. ChinaPetroleum Machinery,2012,40(6):79-82.
[19]周赵川,王辉,代向辉,等.海上采油井筒温度计算及隔热管柱优化设计[J].石油机械,2014,42(4):43-48.ZHOU Z C,WANG H,DAI X H,et al. Calculationof offshore oil production wellbore temperature and op-timal design of heat-proof string[J]. China PetroleumMachinery,2014,42(4):43-48.
[20]崔猛,翟应虎,于洋,等.钻头机械能对深水钻井井筒温度场的影响分析[J].石油机械,2010,38(11):23-27.CUI M,ZHAI Y H,YU Y,et al. The effect of themechanical energy of the drill bit on the temperaturefield in deep-water borehole[J]. China PetroleumMachinery,2010,38(11):23-27.