基于隔离度的增程式电动汽车辅助动力单元抗干扰特性研究
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摘要
为研究增程式电动汽车辅助动力单元APU的抗干扰特性,分析了车载环境下APU的干扰转矩特征,建立了APU面向控制的转速-转矩控制模型,实现了APU转速、转矩控制的解耦;采用BPPID实现了APU转速自适应控制,并通过仿真测试了APU恒转速-变转矩模型和恒转矩-变转速模型下的转速、转矩跟随性能;通过隔离度性能指标,量化了APU干扰转矩和转速波动的关系。仿真测试表明,设计的APU控制系统对50N·m、100 Hz的正弦干扰转矩的最大隔离度为16.09%,对标准差为50N·m、100Hz的带限白噪声的最大隔离度为51.52%,并分析了两者隔离度性能指标的不同及原因。同时,通过隔离度指标可以对APU控制系统的抗干扰性能进行分析和设计。
In order to study the anti-disturbance characteristics of auxiliary power unit(APU)of extended-range electric vehicle(EREV),following contents are discussed.The characteristics of disturbance torque of APU in the EREV are analyzed.The control-oriented model of APU is setup,which can decouple the speed and torque control.BP-PID controller is used to realize the speed adaptive control of APU.Simulations are used to test the tracking performances of constant speed variable torque control mode and constant torque variable speed control mode.The isolation degree(ID)index qualifies the relationship between the disturbance torque and speed fluctuation.Simulation results show that the maximum ID of the designed control system under the sine disturbance of 50 N·m magnitude and 100 Hz frequency is 16.09%and the maximum ID of the designed control system under the band-limited white noise of 50 N· m standard deviation magnitude and 100 Hz frequency is51.52%.The ID index difference of the APU control system between the two disturbance torque types is analyzed and the reasons are discussed.Furthermore,The ID index can be used to analyze and design anti-disturbance characteristic of APU.
In order to study the anti-disturbance characteristics of auxiliary power unit(APU)of extended-range electric vehicle(EREV),following contents are discussed.The characteristics of disturbance torque of APU in the EREV are analyzed.The control-oriented model of APU is setup,which can decouple the speed and torque control.BP-PID controller is used to realize the speed adaptive control of APU.Simulations are used to test the tracking performances of constant speed variable torque control mode and constant torque variable speed control mode.The isolation degree(ID)index qualifies the relationship between the disturbance torque and speed fluctuation.Simulation results show that the maximum ID of the designed control system under the sine disturbance of 50 N·m magnitude and 100 Hz frequency is 16.09%and the maximum ID of the designed control system under the band-limited white noise of 50 N· m standard deviation magnitude and 100 Hz frequency is51.52%.The ID index difference of the APU control system between the two disturbance torque types is analyzed and the reasons are discussed.Furthermore,The ID index can be used to analyze and design anti-disturbance characteristic of APU.
引文
[1]何彬,曹桂军,欧阳明高.串联式混合动力汽车辅助功率单元鲁棒辨识[J].机械工程学报,2005,41(12):101-105.
[2]He B,Yang M G.Robust LPV control of diesel auxiliary power unit for series hybrid electric vehicles[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2006,21(3):791-798.
[3]焦晓红,赵旭光.串联式混合动力汽车辅助功率单元自适应控制[J].电机与控制学报,2011,15(10):75-81.
[4]Syed F U,Kuang M,Czubay J,et al.Fuzzy control to improve high-voltage battery power and engine speed control in a hybrid electric vehicle[C]//Nafips 2005 Meeting of the North American.New York:IEEE,2005.
[5]曲晓东,王庆年,于远彬.增程式电动车的APU控制策略的研究[J].汽车工程,2013,35(9):763-768.
[6]张希,杨平西.基于设定充电曲线的串联式混合动力汽车动力总成的滑模控制[J].汽车工程,2011,33(4):352-360.
[7]Demirci M,Biliroglu A O,Gokasan M,et al.Sliding mode optimum control for APU of series hybrid electric vehicles[C]//International Symposium on Industrial Electronics.New York:IEEE,2010.
[8]王忠恕,吴楠,许允,等.增压直喷柴油机瞬态工况燃烧参数的变化规律[J].内燃机学报,2007,25(5):385-389.
[9]莫会成.永磁同步伺服电动机的动态参数[J].微电机,2006,39(2):3-5.
[10]张文海,徐丽.永磁直流力矩电动机机械时间常数测试分析[J].微电机,2009,42(1):76-81.
[11]GB/T 4970—2009,汽车平顺性试验方法[S].
[12]GB/T 4783—1984,汽车悬挂系统的固有频率和阻尼比测定方法[S].
[13]刘金琨.先进PID控制及其MATLAB仿真[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003.
[14]GB/T 19754—2005,重型混合动力电动汽车能量消耗试验方法[S].
[2]He B,Yang M G.Robust LPV control of diesel auxiliary power unit for series hybrid electric vehicles[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2006,21(3):791-798.
[3]焦晓红,赵旭光.串联式混合动力汽车辅助功率单元自适应控制[J].电机与控制学报,2011,15(10):75-81.
[4]Syed F U,Kuang M,Czubay J,et al.Fuzzy control to improve high-voltage battery power and engine speed control in a hybrid electric vehicle[C]//Nafips 2005 Meeting of the North American.New York:IEEE,2005.
[5]曲晓东,王庆年,于远彬.增程式电动车的APU控制策略的研究[J].汽车工程,2013,35(9):763-768.
[6]张希,杨平西.基于设定充电曲线的串联式混合动力汽车动力总成的滑模控制[J].汽车工程,2011,33(4):352-360.
[7]Demirci M,Biliroglu A O,Gokasan M,et al.Sliding mode optimum control for APU of series hybrid electric vehicles[C]//International Symposium on Industrial Electronics.New York:IEEE,2010.
[8]王忠恕,吴楠,许允,等.增压直喷柴油机瞬态工况燃烧参数的变化规律[J].内燃机学报,2007,25(5):385-389.
[9]莫会成.永磁同步伺服电动机的动态参数[J].微电机,2006,39(2):3-5.
[10]张文海,徐丽.永磁直流力矩电动机机械时间常数测试分析[J].微电机,2009,42(1):76-81.
[11]GB/T 4970—2009,汽车平顺性试验方法[S].
[12]GB/T 4783—1984,汽车悬挂系统的固有频率和阻尼比测定方法[S].
[13]刘金琨.先进PID控制及其MATLAB仿真[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003.
[14]GB/T 19754—2005,重型混合动力电动汽车能量消耗试验方法[S].