土工袋加筋橡胶砂垫层隔震效应试验研究
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摘要
土工袋加筋橡胶砂垫层(SBRSMC)作为一种低成本减隔震方法,可应用于以村镇民居为代表的低层房屋的抗震减灾。本文应用振动台试验方法,以刚性质量块代替上部结构,研究SBRSMC的隔震效应。SBRSMC垫层面积1.5 m×2.0 m,厚度14 cm～28 cm,土袋填充率45%～90%,质量配重2 t～6 t。激震方式包括正弦激震和El Centro地震波激震,输入加速度幅值从0.05 g～1.2 g。试验结果表明:(1)SBRSMC的隔震效应主要受垫层厚度、土袋填充率以及上部结构质量配重等因素的影响,土袋铺设方式对SBRSMC的隔震效应影响较小;(2)SBRSMC垫层厚度越大、土袋填充率越小、上部结构质量配重越大,隔震效应就越好;(3)综合考虑隔震效应与经济成本,垫层厚度21 cm、土袋填充率60%是较为合理的SBRSMC隔震垫层参数;(4)SBRSMC比纯砂垫层和橡胶砂垫层的隔震效应更好,更适用于作为刚性房屋的基底隔震垫层。
Soilbags reinforced rubber sand mixture cushion(SBRSMC) can be used as a low-cost seismic isolation method to mitigate earthquake induced disasters of low-rise buildings, in which the rural houses are typical representatives. This paper introduces studies on the isolation effects of SBRSMC by shaking table tests, with the use of mass blocks to represent upper structures. Main charaters of the experiments carried out here include as follow: cushion plane area 1.5×2.0 m~2, cushion thickness from 14 cm to 28 cm, filling ratio of soilbags from 45% to 90%, mass block representing upper structures from 2 t to 6 t, shake table excited by both sine loading and El Centro earthquake loading with the maximum input acceleration from 0.05 g to 1.2 g. Results of tests indicate that:(1) The isolation effect of SBRSMC is mainly influenced by the thickness of the cushion, soilbag filling ratio and the quality of the upper structure weight, while is less influenced by the laying pattern of soilbags.(2) The isolation effect of SBRSMC increases with both the thickness of the cushion and the quality of the upper structure weight, while decreases with the filling ratio of soilbags.(3) SBRSMC with thickness 21 cm and soilbag filling ratio 60% is the reasonable suggestion of this study, as both the isolation effect and economic cost are taken into considered.(4) The isolation effect of SBRSMC is demonstrated better than both pure sand cushion and rubber sand cushion, and SBRSMC is believed to be suitable for application in base isolation of rigid building.
Soilbags reinforced rubber sand mixture cushion(SBRSMC) can be used as a low-cost seismic isolation method to mitigate earthquake induced disasters of low-rise buildings, in which the rural houses are typical representatives. This paper introduces studies on the isolation effects of SBRSMC by shaking table tests, with the use of mass blocks to represent upper structures. Main charaters of the experiments carried out here include as follow: cushion plane area 1.5×2.0 m~2, cushion thickness from 14 cm to 28 cm, filling ratio of soilbags from 45% to 90%, mass block representing upper structures from 2 t to 6 t, shake table excited by both sine loading and El Centro earthquake loading with the maximum input acceleration from 0.05 g to 1.2 g. Results of tests indicate that:(1) The isolation effect of SBRSMC is mainly influenced by the thickness of the cushion, soilbag filling ratio and the quality of the upper structure weight, while is less influenced by the laying pattern of soilbags.(2) The isolation effect of SBRSMC increases with both the thickness of the cushion and the quality of the upper structure weight, while decreases with the filling ratio of soilbags.(3) SBRSMC with thickness 21 cm and soilbag filling ratio 60% is the reasonable suggestion of this study, as both the isolation effect and economic cost are taken into considered.(4) The isolation effect of SBRSMC is demonstrated better than both pure sand cushion and rubber sand cushion, and SBRSMC is believed to be suitable for application in base isolation of rigid building.
引文
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[13] 岁小溪.橡胶颗粒—砂混合物的隔震性能研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2009.SUI Xiaoxi.The study on seismic isolation performance of granulated rubber-sand mixture[D].Changsha:Hunan University,2009.(in Chinese)
[14] 熊伟,曾庆豪,尚守平,等.新型岩土隔震系统试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2010,31(S2):39-45.XIONG Wei,TSANG Hingho,SHANG Shouping,et al.Experimental study on innovative geotechnical seismic isolation system[J].Journal of Building Structures,2010,31(S2):39-45.(in Chinese)
[15] 刘方成,吴孟桃,陈巨龙,等.土工格室加筋对橡胶砂动力特性影响的试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2017,39(9):1616-1625.LIU Fangcheng,WU Mengtao,CHEN Julong,et al.Experimental study on influence of geo-cell reinforcement on dynamic properties of rubber-sand mixtures[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2017,39(9):1616-1625.(in Chinese)
[16] 刘方成,张永富,周亚栋.土工格室加筋橡胶砂垫层隔震试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2016,37(增刊1):93-100.LIU Fangcheng,ZHANG Yongfu,ZHOU Yadong.Experimental study on isolating performance of geo-cell reinforced rubber-sand mixture cushion[J].Journal of Building Structures,2016,37(S1):93-100.(in Chinese)
[17] YOUSEF A,RICHARD M,HARUYUKI Y,et al.Numerical analysis of soilbags under compression and cyclic shear [J].Computers and Geotechnics,2011,38:659-668.
[18] 刘斯宏,松冈元.土工袋加固地基新技术[J].岩土力学,2007,28(8):1665-1670.LIU Sihong,MATSUOKA Hajime.A new earth reinforcement method by soilbags[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(8):1665-1670.(in Chinese)
[19] MATSUOKAH,LIU Sihong.A new earth reinforcement method using soil bags[J].London:Taylor & Francis Group,2006,28(8):1665-1670.DOI:10.1007/s11747-006-0011-3.
[20] LIU Sihong,GAO Junjun,WANG Yanqiao,et al.Experimental study on vibration reduction by using soil bags[J].Geotextiles and Geomembrances,2014,42(1):52-62.DOI:10.1016/j.geotexmem.2013.12.007
[21] 刘斯宏,王艳巧,金远征.土工袋基础隔震隔震试验[J].水利水电科技发展,2012,32(1):87-90.LIU Sihong,WANG Yanqiao,JIN Yuanzheng.Experimental study on vibration reduction and isolation of bases with soilbags[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2012,32(1):87-90.(in Chinese)
[22] 刘斯宏,樊科伟,陈笑林,等.土工袋层间摩擦特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2016,38(10):1874-1880.LIU Sihong,FAN Kewei,CHEN Xiaolin,et al.Experimental studies on interface friction characteristics of soilbags[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2016,38(10):1874-1880.(in Chinese)
[23] 陈巨龙.土工袋加筋橡胶砂动力特性的大型循环单剪试验研究[D].株洲:湖南工业大学,2017.CHEN Julong.Large-scale cyclic shear experimental study on dynamic characteristics of soilbags-reinforced rubber sand cushion[D].Zhuzhou:Hunan University of Technology,2017.(in Chinese)
[24] 刘方成,陈璐,王海东.橡胶砂动剪模量和阻尼比循环单剪试验研究[J].岩土力学,2016,37(07):1903-1913.LIU Fangcheng,CHEN Lu,WANG Haidong.Evaluation of dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio of rubber-sand mixture based on cyclic simple shear tests[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(07):1903-1913.(in Chinese)
[25] 窦远明,刘晓立,赵少伟,等.砂垫层隔震性能的试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2005,26(1):125-128.DOU Yuanming,LIU Xiaoli,ZHAO Shaowei,et al.An experimental study on isolating properties of sand cushion[J].Journal of Building Structures,2005,26(1):125-128.(in Chinese)
[2] KELLY J M.Seismic isolation systems for developing countries [J].Earthquake Spectra,2002,18(3):385-406.
[3] 尚守平,权志威,崔向龙.三维隔震墩的隔震性能研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2018,38(1):154-160.SHANG Shouping,QUAN Zhiwei,CUI Xianglong.The research of three-dimensional seismic isolation pier vibration isolation performance [J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics,2018,38(1):154-160.(in Chinese)
[4] 田原源,熊峰.废旧轮胎垫隔震层的拟静力实验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2014,34(3):191-196.TIAN Yuanyuan,XIONG Feng.Research on seismic behavior of scrap tire seismic isolation pads( STP) by periodical quasi-static test[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics,2014,34(3):191-196.(in Chinese)
[5] ANBAZHAGAN P,MAMATHA M,SOUMYASHREE P,et al.Laboratory characterization of tyre crumbs soil mixture for developing low cost damping materials[J].International Journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering,2011,4(6):63-66.
[6] HAZARIKA H,KOHAMA E,SUGANOO T.Underwater shake table tests on waterfront structures protected with tire chips cushion [J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2008,134(12):1706-1719.
[7] XIAO M,BOWEN J,GRAHAM M,et al.Comparison of seismic responses of geosynthetically reinforced walls with Tire-Derived aggregates and granular backfills [J].Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,2012,24(11):1368-1377.
[8] HARTMAND,LEDEZMAM,XIAO Ming,et al.Shake table test of MSE wall with Tire Derived Aggregates (TDA) backfill [J].Geo-Congress,2013:1168-1177.
[9] BANDYOPADHYWY S,SENGUPTA A,REDDY G R.Performance of sand and shredded rubber tire mixture as a natural base isolator for earthquake protection[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2015,14(4):683-93.
[10] TSANG H H.Seismic isolation by rubber-soil mixtures for developing countries[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2007,37(7):283-303.DOI:10.1002/eqe.756
[11] TSANG H H,LOSihong,XU X,et al.Seismic isolation for low-to-medium-rise buildings using granulated rubber–soil mixtures:numerical study[J].Earthquake Engneering and Structure Dynamics,2012,41 (14):2009-2024.DOI:10.1002/eqe.2171
[12] ABDELHALEEM A M,EL-SHERBINY R M,LOTFY H,et al.Evaluation of rubber/sand mixtures as replacement soils to mitigate earthquake induced ground motions[R].Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,Paris 2013,3163-3166.
[13] 岁小溪.橡胶颗粒—砂混合物的隔震性能研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2009.SUI Xiaoxi.The study on seismic isolation performance of granulated rubber-sand mixture[D].Changsha:Hunan University,2009.(in Chinese)
[14] 熊伟,曾庆豪,尚守平,等.新型岩土隔震系统试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2010,31(S2):39-45.XIONG Wei,TSANG Hingho,SHANG Shouping,et al.Experimental study on innovative geotechnical seismic isolation system[J].Journal of Building Structures,2010,31(S2):39-45.(in Chinese)
[15] 刘方成,吴孟桃,陈巨龙,等.土工格室加筋对橡胶砂动力特性影响的试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2017,39(9):1616-1625.LIU Fangcheng,WU Mengtao,CHEN Julong,et al.Experimental study on influence of geo-cell reinforcement on dynamic properties of rubber-sand mixtures[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2017,39(9):1616-1625.(in Chinese)
[16] 刘方成,张永富,周亚栋.土工格室加筋橡胶砂垫层隔震试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2016,37(增刊1):93-100.LIU Fangcheng,ZHANG Yongfu,ZHOU Yadong.Experimental study on isolating performance of geo-cell reinforced rubber-sand mixture cushion[J].Journal of Building Structures,2016,37(S1):93-100.(in Chinese)
[17] YOUSEF A,RICHARD M,HARUYUKI Y,et al.Numerical analysis of soilbags under compression and cyclic shear [J].Computers and Geotechnics,2011,38:659-668.
[18] 刘斯宏,松冈元.土工袋加固地基新技术[J].岩土力学,2007,28(8):1665-1670.LIU Sihong,MATSUOKA Hajime.A new earth reinforcement method by soilbags[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(8):1665-1670.(in Chinese)
[19] MATSUOKAH,LIU Sihong.A new earth reinforcement method using soil bags[J].London:Taylor & Francis Group,2006,28(8):1665-1670.DOI:10.1007/s11747-006-0011-3.
[20] LIU Sihong,GAO Junjun,WANG Yanqiao,et al.Experimental study on vibration reduction by using soil bags[J].Geotextiles and Geomembrances,2014,42(1):52-62.DOI:10.1016/j.geotexmem.2013.12.007
[21] 刘斯宏,王艳巧,金远征.土工袋基础隔震隔震试验[J].水利水电科技发展,2012,32(1):87-90.LIU Sihong,WANG Yanqiao,JIN Yuanzheng.Experimental study on vibration reduction and isolation of bases with soilbags[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2012,32(1):87-90.(in Chinese)
[22] 刘斯宏,樊科伟,陈笑林,等.土工袋层间摩擦特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2016,38(10):1874-1880.LIU Sihong,FAN Kewei,CHEN Xiaolin,et al.Experimental studies on interface friction characteristics of soilbags[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2016,38(10):1874-1880.(in Chinese)
[23] 陈巨龙.土工袋加筋橡胶砂动力特性的大型循环单剪试验研究[D].株洲:湖南工业大学,2017.CHEN Julong.Large-scale cyclic shear experimental study on dynamic characteristics of soilbags-reinforced rubber sand cushion[D].Zhuzhou:Hunan University of Technology,2017.(in Chinese)
[24] 刘方成,陈璐,王海东.橡胶砂动剪模量和阻尼比循环单剪试验研究[J].岩土力学,2016,37(07):1903-1913.LIU Fangcheng,CHEN Lu,WANG Haidong.Evaluation of dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio of rubber-sand mixture based on cyclic simple shear tests[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(07):1903-1913.(in Chinese)
[25] 窦远明,刘晓立,赵少伟,等.砂垫层隔震性能的试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2005,26(1):125-128.DOU Yuanming,LIU Xiaoli,ZHAO Shaowei,et al.An experimental study on isolating properties of sand cushion[J].Journal of Building Structures,2005,26(1):125-128.(in Chinese)