路面激励相干函数对车桥系统随机振动响应的影响
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摘要
采用虚拟激励法建立多点输入相干激励车桥耦合随机振动模型,研究路面不平顺相干函数对车桥耦合系统振动响应的影响.将三轴自卸汽车离散为三维九自由度弹簧-质量-阻尼体系,桥梁离散为板-壳实体单元,考虑路面输入激励的相干性,研究Naryanan相干函数、Dieter相干函数和Zhang相干函数对车桥耦合系统振动响应及频谱特性的影响.研究结果表明:不同的相干函数对位移均方根和加速度均方差的影响效果不同;相干函数仅影响共振能量大小,不改变路面激励与车桥耦合系统的共振频率;研究车桥耦合随机振动响应时,路面激励相干函数对桥梁振动响应的影响可不计,但对车辆振动响应的影响不可忽略.
To investigate the effect of road roughness coherent function on the response of vehicle-bridge coupling system,the vehicle-bridge coupling model with multi-point coherent stimulus was proposed by pseudo excitation method( PEM). Considering the coherence of road irregularity stimulus,the 3 D coherent excitation random vibration model was proposed for vehicle-bridge systems to discuss the effects of vibration response and spectrum characteristic of vehicle-bridge coupling system caused by Naryanan function,Dieter function and Zhang function. The bridge was modeled as beam-shell solid elements,and the vehicle with three axles was simplified as 3 D nine-degree of freedom model. The results show that the coherent functions have obvious effects on displacement root-mean-square and acceleration mean square deviation. The coherent function has obvious effect on energy with slight effect on the frequency between road roughness spectrum and vehicle-bridge coupling resonance system. The effects of road roughness coherent function should be considered for the vehicle responses based on vehicle-bridge coupling random vibration,while it can be ignored for the bridge responses.
To investigate the effect of road roughness coherent function on the response of vehicle-bridge coupling system,the vehicle-bridge coupling model with multi-point coherent stimulus was proposed by pseudo excitation method( PEM). Considering the coherence of road irregularity stimulus,the 3 D coherent excitation random vibration model was proposed for vehicle-bridge systems to discuss the effects of vibration response and spectrum characteristic of vehicle-bridge coupling system caused by Naryanan function,Dieter function and Zhang function. The bridge was modeled as beam-shell solid elements,and the vehicle with three axles was simplified as 3 D nine-degree of freedom model. The results show that the coherent functions have obvious effects on displacement root-mean-square and acceleration mean square deviation. The coherent function has obvious effect on energy with slight effect on the frequency between road roughness spectrum and vehicle-bridge coupling resonance system. The effects of road roughness coherent function should be considered for the vehicle responses based on vehicle-bridge coupling random vibration,while it can be ignored for the bridge responses.
引文
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[2]刘波,王有志,安俊江,等.车辆-路面空间耦合振动模型及其动力响应分析[J].山东大学学报(工学版),2014,44(3):83-89.LIU B,WANG Y Z,AN J J,et al.The spatial model of vehicle-pavement coupling vibration and its dynamic responses analysis[J].Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science),2014,44(3):83-89.(in Chinese)
[3]吴参,王维锐,陈颖,等.三维路面谱的仿真建模与验证[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2009,43(10):1935-1938.WU C,WANG W R,CHEN Y,et al.Simulation and validation of three-dimensional road surface spectrum[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2009,43(10):1935-1938.(in Chinese)
[4]张永林,胡志刚,陈立平.时空相关车辆道路的高效数值仿真[J].农业机械学报,2005,36(9):13-15.ZHANG Y L,HU Z G,CHEN L P.A new approach to numerical simulation of vehicle road process with temporal-spatial correlation[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery,2005,36(9):13-15.(in Chinese)
[5]张立军,张天侠.车辆四轮相关路面非平稳随机输入通用时频模型[J].振动与冲击,2008,27(7):75-78.ZHANG L J,ZHANG T X.General nonstationary random input model of road surface with four wheels correlated[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2008,27(7):75-78.(in Chinese)
[6]孙涛,徐桂红,柴陵江.四轮非平稳随机激励路面模型的研究[J].汽车工程,2013,35(10):868-872.SUN T,XU G H,CHAI L J.A study on the road model with four-wheel non-stationary random excitations[J].Automotive Engineering,2013,35(10):868-872.(in Chinese)
[7]NARYANAN S.Nonlinear and nonstationary random vibration of hysteretic system with application to vehicle dynamics[J].Nonlinear Stochastic Dynamic Engineering System,doi:10.1007/978-3-642-83334-2-31.
[8]DIETER A.Problems in road surface modeling[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,1991,20(S):28-41.
[9]张志超,张亚辉,林家浩.考虑行波效应的车桥系统地震响应分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2010,30(4):8-16.ZHANG Z C,ZHANG Y H,LIN J H.Random seismic response analysis of train-bridge systems considering wave travelling effect[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2010,30(4):8-16.(in Chinese)
[10]韩万水,马麟,院素静,等.路面粗糙度非一致激励对车桥耦合振动系统响应影响分析[J].土木工程学报,2011,44(10):81-90.HAN W S,MA L,YUAN S J,et al.Analysis of the effect of inconsistent stimulus of surface roughness on vehicle-bridge coupling vibrations[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2011,44(10):81-90.(in Chinese)
[11]许海亮,袁勇,屈铁军,等考虑路面不平整度因素的车路耦合振动模型的建立[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(9):152-156.XU H L,YUAN Y,QU T J,et al.Dynamic model for a vehicle-pavement coupled system considering pavement roughness[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2014,33(9):152-156.(in Chinese)
[12]李炜明,朱宏平,张俊兵,等.车-桥系统在路面随机谱激励下放大效应的归类分析[J].中国公路学报,2010,23(5):58-63.LI W M,ZHU H P,ZHANG J B,et al.Amplification effect classification analysis on vehicle-bridge system under road surface random excitation[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2010,23(5):58-63.(in Chinese)
[13]桂水荣,陈水生,赵辉,等.基于LS-DYNA公路桥梁车桥耦合振动模型[J].公路交通科技,2013,30(7):40-45.GUI S R,CHEN S S,ZHAO H,et al.Model of highway bridge subjected to vehicle-bridge coupled vibration based on LS-DYNA[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2013,30(7):40-45.(in Chinese)
[14]喻凡,林逸.汽车系统动力学[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005.