长期住院慢性精神分裂症患者的合并躯体疾病及临床用药情况
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摘要
目的了解长期住院的慢性精神分裂症患者服用精神科药物种类、躯体疾病发病率及临床用药情况。方法采取整群抽样法抽取2014年1月～2018年7月我院长期住院的306例慢性精神分裂症患者,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析,统计患者合并的躯体疾病及用药情况。结果共144例(47.1%)患者单一使用抗精神病药物治疗,最常用的非典型抗精神病药物分别是利培酮(19.6%)、奥氮平(8.5%)、氯氮平(6.9%)。共有151例(49.3%)患者合并两种抗精神病药物治疗。83例(27.1%)患者合并使用情感稳定剂治疗,40例(13.1%)患者合并使用抗抑郁药治疗,35例(11.4%)合并使用镇静催眠药治疗。躯体疾病常见的为高血压(20.2%)、糖尿病(15.4%)、高脂血症(17.4%)、锥体外系反应(17.3%)及窦性心动过速(15.4%)。结论我院长期住院的慢性精神分裂症患者以非典型抗精神病药物为主,联合其他精神科药物使用率在合理范围内,合并躯体疾病患病率低,有相应的药物处理。
Objective To investigate the types of psychiatric drugs, the incidence of somatic diseases and the clinical use of drugs in chronic schizophrenics who have been hospitalized for a long time. Methods From January 2014 to July2018, 306 patients were selected by cluster sampling, and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed, and the patients′ combined physical diseases and drug use were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 144 cases(47.1%) used single antipsychotic drug, the frequency of the second-generation drug use in the top three were Risperidone(19.6%),Olanzapine(8.5%), Clozapine(6.9%). 151 cases(49.3%) used antipsychotic drugs combination. 83 cases(27.1%) patients were combined with mood stabilizer, 40 cases(13.1%) were combined with antidepressants, and 35 cases(11.4%) were combined with sedative-hypnotic drugs. The frequency of physical diseases were hypertension(20.2%),cases diabetes(15.4%), hyperlipidemia(17.4%), extrapyramidal reaction(17.3%), and sinus tachycardia(15.4%).Conclusion Our long-term chronic schizophrenia patients in hospital are mainly treated with second-generation antipsychotics drugs, the combined other psychiatric drugs are reasonable, and the combined physical diseases prevalence rate is low, which have corresponding drug treatment.
Objective To investigate the types of psychiatric drugs, the incidence of somatic diseases and the clinical use of drugs in chronic schizophrenics who have been hospitalized for a long time. Methods From January 2014 to July2018, 306 patients were selected by cluster sampling, and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed, and the patients′ combined physical diseases and drug use were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 144 cases(47.1%) used single antipsychotic drug, the frequency of the second-generation drug use in the top three were Risperidone(19.6%),Olanzapine(8.5%), Clozapine(6.9%). 151 cases(49.3%) used antipsychotic drugs combination. 83 cases(27.1%) patients were combined with mood stabilizer, 40 cases(13.1%) were combined with antidepressants, and 35 cases(11.4%) were combined with sedative-hypnotic drugs. The frequency of physical diseases were hypertension(20.2%),cases diabetes(15.4%), hyperlipidemia(17.4%), extrapyramidal reaction(17.3%), and sinus tachycardia(15.4%).Conclusion Our long-term chronic schizophrenia patients in hospital are mainly treated with second-generation antipsychotics drugs, the combined other psychiatric drugs are reasonable, and the combined physical diseases prevalence rate is low, which have corresponding drug treatment.
引文
[1]甘明远,汪毅,刘雅君,等.长期住院精神分裂症患者病情及社会支持状况[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2017,25(6):801-805.
[2]谢强明,陈姗,刘鲲.长沙市在册重性精神疾病患者现况分析[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2015,23(4):505-507.
[3]张丽珠,刘健,张永华,等.住院精神分裂症患者抗精神病药合并苯海索使用情况调查[J].临床精神医学杂志,2017,27(4):278.
[4]潘惠,杨忠,魏英,等.丁螺环酮辅助治疗慢性精神分裂症患者阴性症状的对照研究[J].临床精神医学杂志,2017,27(2):92-94.
[5]刘小敏.长期住院精神分裂症患者发生低钾血症的临床分析[J].深圳中西医结合杂志,2016,26(1):37-39.
[6]余敏,雷超彬,张杰,等.住院精神分裂症患者抗精神病药物联合治疗的处方调查[J].四川精神卫生,2016,29(6):521-524.
[7]Schrom JR,Caraballo PJ,Castro MR,et al.Quantifying the effect of statin use in pre-diabetic phenotypes discovered through association rule mining[J].AMIA Annu Symp Proc,2013,2013:1249-1257.
[8]胡新伟,李燕平.住院精神疾病患者精神药物应用状况调查[J].临床心身疾病杂志,2016,22(2):118-121.
[9]易海,孔思思,曾干,等.2010年前后5年精神分裂症患者用药情况及受用者态度调查[J].中国民康医学,2017,29(17):88-90.
[10]李志猛,李雅忠,刘海军,等.二甲双胍缓释片治疗女性精神分裂症伴发代谢综合征的研究[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2012,20(9):1290-1291.
[11]周艳兰,陈新河,刘艳萍,等.阿卡波糖或吡格列酮+二甲双胍对单用二甲双胍控制不佳的2型糖尿病合并精神分裂症患者的疗效分析[J].中国实用医药,2015,10(17):4-6.
[12]杜云红,穆俊林,张朝辉,等.不同类型抗精神病药物对精神分裂症患儿血清同型半胱氨酸水平及认知功能的影响[J].实用儿科临床杂志,2012,27(24):1877-1879.
[13]钟远惠,谢穗峰,喻俊,等.780例长期住院精神分裂症患者代谢综合征患病调查[J].现代临床医学,2017,43(2):105-107.
[14]梁郁驰.精神分裂症成年住院患者入院后抗精神病药联合使用的比例及其合理性临床分析[J].山西医药杂志,2016,45(20):2392-2394.
[15]陈敏,孙晓兰,殷月霞.长期口服抗精神病药物对骨代谢的影响[J].实用临床医药杂志,2015,19(21):155-156.
[16]骆薇.住院三十年慢性精神分裂症患者药物治疗相关因素分析[J].大家健康旬刊,2017,11(6):137.
[17]梁英,于欣.抗精神病药物对精神分裂症患者骨密度影响的研究进展[J].国际精神病学杂志,2014,41(2):116-118.
[18]夏庆润.36例住院老年精神分裂症患者的临床疗效观察[J].中国医药指南,2017,15(9):156-157.
[19]冯志强.住院女性精神分裂症患者抗精神病药临床应用现状分析[J].齐齐哈尔医学院学报,2016,37(14):1781-1783.
[20]吴超英,邢书生,李秀珍,等.住院精神分裂症患者便秘患病率和求治率的现况调查[J].临床精神医学杂志,2015,25(3):204.
[21]史利利.盐城市第四人民医院住院老年精神分裂症患者抗精神病药物用药情况调查[J].临床合理用药杂志, 2016,9(5):68-69.
[2]谢强明,陈姗,刘鲲.长沙市在册重性精神疾病患者现况分析[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2015,23(4):505-507.
[3]张丽珠,刘健,张永华,等.住院精神分裂症患者抗精神病药合并苯海索使用情况调查[J].临床精神医学杂志,2017,27(4):278.
[4]潘惠,杨忠,魏英,等.丁螺环酮辅助治疗慢性精神分裂症患者阴性症状的对照研究[J].临床精神医学杂志,2017,27(2):92-94.
[5]刘小敏.长期住院精神分裂症患者发生低钾血症的临床分析[J].深圳中西医结合杂志,2016,26(1):37-39.
[6]余敏,雷超彬,张杰,等.住院精神分裂症患者抗精神病药物联合治疗的处方调查[J].四川精神卫生,2016,29(6):521-524.
[7]Schrom JR,Caraballo PJ,Castro MR,et al.Quantifying the effect of statin use in pre-diabetic phenotypes discovered through association rule mining[J].AMIA Annu Symp Proc,2013,2013:1249-1257.
[8]胡新伟,李燕平.住院精神疾病患者精神药物应用状况调查[J].临床心身疾病杂志,2016,22(2):118-121.
[9]易海,孔思思,曾干,等.2010年前后5年精神分裂症患者用药情况及受用者态度调查[J].中国民康医学,2017,29(17):88-90.
[10]李志猛,李雅忠,刘海军,等.二甲双胍缓释片治疗女性精神分裂症伴发代谢综合征的研究[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2012,20(9):1290-1291.
[11]周艳兰,陈新河,刘艳萍,等.阿卡波糖或吡格列酮+二甲双胍对单用二甲双胍控制不佳的2型糖尿病合并精神分裂症患者的疗效分析[J].中国实用医药,2015,10(17):4-6.
[12]杜云红,穆俊林,张朝辉,等.不同类型抗精神病药物对精神分裂症患儿血清同型半胱氨酸水平及认知功能的影响[J].实用儿科临床杂志,2012,27(24):1877-1879.
[13]钟远惠,谢穗峰,喻俊,等.780例长期住院精神分裂症患者代谢综合征患病调查[J].现代临床医学,2017,43(2):105-107.
[14]梁郁驰.精神分裂症成年住院患者入院后抗精神病药联合使用的比例及其合理性临床分析[J].山西医药杂志,2016,45(20):2392-2394.
[15]陈敏,孙晓兰,殷月霞.长期口服抗精神病药物对骨代谢的影响[J].实用临床医药杂志,2015,19(21):155-156.
[16]骆薇.住院三十年慢性精神分裂症患者药物治疗相关因素分析[J].大家健康旬刊,2017,11(6):137.
[17]梁英,于欣.抗精神病药物对精神分裂症患者骨密度影响的研究进展[J].国际精神病学杂志,2014,41(2):116-118.
[18]夏庆润.36例住院老年精神分裂症患者的临床疗效观察[J].中国医药指南,2017,15(9):156-157.
[19]冯志强.住院女性精神分裂症患者抗精神病药临床应用现状分析[J].齐齐哈尔医学院学报,2016,37(14):1781-1783.
[20]吴超英,邢书生,李秀珍,等.住院精神分裂症患者便秘患病率和求治率的现况调查[J].临床精神医学杂志,2015,25(3):204.
[21]史利利.盐城市第四人民医院住院老年精神分裂症患者抗精神病药物用药情况调查[J].临床合理用药杂志, 2016,9(5):68-69.