基于网络效用最大化理论的分布式车联网拥塞控制策略
|
摘要
协同车辆安全系统依靠周期性广播的单跳数据分组来追踪周围车辆,车辆密度过高会导致信道拥塞,严重影响协同车辆安全系统的性能。现有的拥塞控制策略仅保证网络层的性能,没有考虑车辆不同交通场景下的微观服务需求。为解决该问题,提出了一种基于网络效用最大化理论的分布式拥塞控制策略。该策略首先提出了车联网信道资源分配的网络效用最大化模型,并且提出了反映车辆安全需求的效用函数;然后基于该模型,建立了传输功率固定条件下无线信道资源分配的优化问题;最后为求解该优化问题,设计了分布式拥塞控制算法UBRCC,该算法通过更新车辆的拥塞"价格"求解最优数据分组发送速率,实现了面向单个车辆安全需求的信道资源分配。仿真实验结果表明,UBRCC算法在控制信道拥塞的同时,能够有效地减小传输时延,确保数据分组可靠发送,满足车辆安全应用的服务需求。
Cooperative vehicle safety system(CVSS) rely on periodical beacons to track neighboring vehicles. High trafficdensity often causes channel congestion, seriously damaging the performance of CVSS. Existing congestion control strate-gies aim to ensure the performance in network layer, without considering the service requirements of vehicles in differentdriving contexts. To solve the problem, a distributed congestion control strategy using network utility maximization(NUM)theory was proposed. First of all, the NUM model for channel resource allocation was introduced. A utility function reflect-ing vehicle's safety requirements was proposed in the model. Then under the condition of fixed transmit powers, a optimiza-tion problem of channel resource allocation was proposed. Lastly, to solve the optimization problem, a distributed congestioncontrol algorithm named utility-based rate congestion control(UBRCC) algorithm was designed, the algorithm worked outthe optimal beaconing rate by updating vehicle's congestion price, realizing the resource allocation according to vehicle'ssafety requirements. Simulation results validate that UBRCC algorithm can efficiently control channel congestion, reducetransmission delay, ensure reliable data transmission and satisfies the requirements of safety applications.
Cooperative vehicle safety system(CVSS) rely on periodical beacons to track neighboring vehicles. High trafficdensity often causes channel congestion, seriously damaging the performance of CVSS. Existing congestion control strate-gies aim to ensure the performance in network layer, without considering the service requirements of vehicles in differentdriving contexts. To solve the problem, a distributed congestion control strategy using network utility maximization(NUM)theory was proposed. First of all, the NUM model for channel resource allocation was introduced. A utility function reflect-ing vehicle's safety requirements was proposed in the model. Then under the condition of fixed transmit powers, a optimiza-tion problem of channel resource allocation was proposed. Lastly, to solve the optimization problem, a distributed congestioncontrol algorithm named utility-based rate congestion control(UBRCC) algorithm was designed, the algorithm worked outthe optimal beaconing rate by updating vehicle's congestion price, realizing the resource allocation according to vehicle'ssafety requirements. Simulation results validate that UBRCC algorithm can efficiently control channel congestion, reducetransmission delay, ensure reliable data transmission and satisfies the requirements of safety applications.
引文
[1]YANG X,LIU J,VAIDYA N F,et al.A vehicle-to-vehicle communication protocol for cooperative collision warning[C]//International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Systems:Networking and Services.2004:114-123.
[2]STANDARDS D.Intelligent transport systems(ITS)-access layer specification for intelligent transport systems operating in the 5 GHz frequency band:ETSI EN 302 663-2-2013[S].European Telecommunications Standards Institute,2013.
[3]KENNEY J B.Dedicated shortrange communications(DSRC)standards in the United States[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2011,99(7):1162-1182.
[4]SENGUPTA R,REZAEI S,SHLADOVER S E,et al.Cooperative collision warning systems:concept definition and experimental implementation[J].Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems,2007,11(3):143-155.
[5]HUANG C L,FALLAH Y,SENGUPTA R,et al.Information dissemination control for cooperative active safety applications in vehicular ad-hoc networks[C]//Global Telecommunications Conference.2009:1-6.
[6]LE L,FESTAG A,BALDESSARI R,et al.Vehicular wireless shortrange communication for improving intersection safety[J].IEEECommunications Magazine,2009,47(11):104-110.
[7]SEPULCRE M,MITTAG J,SANTI P,et al.Congestion and awareness control in cooperative vehicular systems[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2015,99(7):1260-1279.
[8]ZHANG F,TAN G,YU C,et al.Dynamic feedback power control for cooperative vehicle safety systems[J].Wireless Personal Communications,2016,90(1):1-24.
[9]TORRENT-MORENO M,MITTAG J,SANTI P,et al.Vehicle-to-vehicle communication:fair transmit power control for safety-critical information[J].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,2009,58(7):3684-3703.
[10]KHORAKHUN C,BUSCHE H,ROHLING H.Congestion control for VANETs based on power or rate adaptation[C]//The International Workshop on Intelligent Transportation.2008.
[11]GUAN X,SENGUPTA R,KRISHNAN H,et al.A feedback-based power control algorithm design for VANET[C]//Mobile Networking for Vehicular Environments.2007:67-72.
[12]BANSAL G,KENNEY J B,ROHRS C E.LIMERIC:a linear adaptive message rate algorithm for DSRC congestion control[J].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,2013,62(9):4182-4197.
[13]TIELERT T,JIANG D,CHEN Q,et al.Design methodology and evaluation of rate adaptation based congestion control for vehicle safety communications[C]//Vehicular Networking Conference.2011:116-123.
[14]BANSAL G,KENNEY J B,KENNEY J B,et al.EMBARC:error model based adaptive rate control for vehicle-to-vehicle communications[C]//The Tenth ACM International Workshop on Vehicular Inter-Networking,Systems,and Applications.2013:41-50.
[15]SEPULCRE M,GOZALVEZ J,ALTINTAS O,et al.Adaptive beaconing for congestion and awareness control in vehicular networks[C]//Vehicular Networking Conference.2014:81-88.
[16]ZHANG L,VALAEE S.Congestion control for vehicular networks with safety-awareness[J].IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking,2016,24(6):3290-3299.
[17]JOERER S,BLOESSL B,SEGATA M,et al.Enabling situation awareness at intersections for IVC congestion control mechanisms[J].IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing,2016,15(7):1674-1685.
[18]FALLAH Y P,HUANG C L,SENGUPTA R,et al.Congestion control based on channel occupancy in vehicular broadcast networks[C]//Ve-Hicular Technology Conference Fall.2010:1-5.
[19]MO J,WALRAND J.Fair end-to-end window-based congestion con-trol[J].IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking,2000,8(5):556-567.
[20]SEBASTIAN A,TANG M,FENG Y,et al.Multi-vehicles interaction graph model for cooperative collision warning system[C]//Intelligent Vehicles Symposium.2009:929-934.
[21]MILLER R,HUANG Q.An adaptive peer-to-peer collision warning system[C]//Vehicular Technology Conference.2002:317-321.
[22]BORWEIN J M,LEWIS A S.Convex analysis and nonlinear optimization[M].NewYork:Springer,2000.
[23]LOW S H,LAPSLEY D E.Optimization flow control.I.Basic algorithm and convergence[J].IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking,1999,7(6):861-874.
[24]HENDERSON T R,LACAGE M,RILEY G F.Network simulations with the NS-3 simulator[C]//The ACM SIG-COMM.2008:28-30.
[2]STANDARDS D.Intelligent transport systems(ITS)-access layer specification for intelligent transport systems operating in the 5 GHz frequency band:ETSI EN 302 663-2-2013[S].European Telecommunications Standards Institute,2013.
[3]KENNEY J B.Dedicated shortrange communications(DSRC)standards in the United States[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2011,99(7):1162-1182.
[4]SENGUPTA R,REZAEI S,SHLADOVER S E,et al.Cooperative collision warning systems:concept definition and experimental implementation[J].Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems,2007,11(3):143-155.
[5]HUANG C L,FALLAH Y,SENGUPTA R,et al.Information dissemination control for cooperative active safety applications in vehicular ad-hoc networks[C]//Global Telecommunications Conference.2009:1-6.
[6]LE L,FESTAG A,BALDESSARI R,et al.Vehicular wireless shortrange communication for improving intersection safety[J].IEEECommunications Magazine,2009,47(11):104-110.
[7]SEPULCRE M,MITTAG J,SANTI P,et al.Congestion and awareness control in cooperative vehicular systems[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2015,99(7):1260-1279.
[8]ZHANG F,TAN G,YU C,et al.Dynamic feedback power control for cooperative vehicle safety systems[J].Wireless Personal Communications,2016,90(1):1-24.
[9]TORRENT-MORENO M,MITTAG J,SANTI P,et al.Vehicle-to-vehicle communication:fair transmit power control for safety-critical information[J].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,2009,58(7):3684-3703.
[10]KHORAKHUN C,BUSCHE H,ROHLING H.Congestion control for VANETs based on power or rate adaptation[C]//The International Workshop on Intelligent Transportation.2008.
[11]GUAN X,SENGUPTA R,KRISHNAN H,et al.A feedback-based power control algorithm design for VANET[C]//Mobile Networking for Vehicular Environments.2007:67-72.
[12]BANSAL G,KENNEY J B,ROHRS C E.LIMERIC:a linear adaptive message rate algorithm for DSRC congestion control[J].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,2013,62(9):4182-4197.
[13]TIELERT T,JIANG D,CHEN Q,et al.Design methodology and evaluation of rate adaptation based congestion control for vehicle safety communications[C]//Vehicular Networking Conference.2011:116-123.
[14]BANSAL G,KENNEY J B,KENNEY J B,et al.EMBARC:error model based adaptive rate control for vehicle-to-vehicle communications[C]//The Tenth ACM International Workshop on Vehicular Inter-Networking,Systems,and Applications.2013:41-50.
[15]SEPULCRE M,GOZALVEZ J,ALTINTAS O,et al.Adaptive beaconing for congestion and awareness control in vehicular networks[C]//Vehicular Networking Conference.2014:81-88.
[16]ZHANG L,VALAEE S.Congestion control for vehicular networks with safety-awareness[J].IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking,2016,24(6):3290-3299.
[17]JOERER S,BLOESSL B,SEGATA M,et al.Enabling situation awareness at intersections for IVC congestion control mechanisms[J].IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing,2016,15(7):1674-1685.
[18]FALLAH Y P,HUANG C L,SENGUPTA R,et al.Congestion control based on channel occupancy in vehicular broadcast networks[C]//Ve-Hicular Technology Conference Fall.2010:1-5.
[19]MO J,WALRAND J.Fair end-to-end window-based congestion con-trol[J].IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking,2000,8(5):556-567.
[20]SEBASTIAN A,TANG M,FENG Y,et al.Multi-vehicles interaction graph model for cooperative collision warning system[C]//Intelligent Vehicles Symposium.2009:929-934.
[21]MILLER R,HUANG Q.An adaptive peer-to-peer collision warning system[C]//Vehicular Technology Conference.2002:317-321.
[22]BORWEIN J M,LEWIS A S.Convex analysis and nonlinear optimization[M].NewYork:Springer,2000.
[23]LOW S H,LAPSLEY D E.Optimization flow control.I.Basic algorithm and convergence[J].IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking,1999,7(6):861-874.
[24]HENDERSON T R,LACAGE M,RILEY G F.Network simulations with the NS-3 simulator[C]//The ACM SIG-COMM.2008:28-30.