不同材质墙体日光温室内气温演变
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摘要
为探寻不同材质墙体日光温室内气温的演变规律,找出其增温保温差异,以便有针对地进行温室种植和管理,本文通过在复合异质墙体日光温室和土墙日光温室内设立不同梯度和不同方位的监测点,连续监测两座温室内气温的全天变化,并采用MATLAB技术,展现不同天气条件下两座日光温室内气温的空间变化。结果表明:(1)晴天时,复合异质墙体日光温室内的升温和降温速率均较土墙日光温室大,阴天时,两座温室内的升温和降温速率基本相等,复合异质墙体日光温室较土墙日光温室有较强的增温保温性能;(2)复合异质墙体日光温室内的气温较同时刻土墙日光温室内气温高,晴天时,复合异质墙体日光温室内最高气温和最低气温比土墙日光温室内分别高3.0～8.0℃和1.0℃,阴天时则分别高2.0～3.0℃和3.0℃。
This article aimed to explore the law of temperature evolution and find the differences between temperature increase and heat preservation in solar greenhouses with different wall materials in order to carry out and manage greenhouse cultivation pertinently. The changes of temperature in two different materials wall solar greenhouses under different weather conditions were showed by the MATLAB programming. The sample temperature data were continuously monitored over a period of time with different gradients and orientations in both compound heterogeneous wall solar greenhouse and ordinary wall solar greenhouse. The results were as follows:(1) The temperature heating and cooling rate in compound heterogeneous wall greenhouse was faster than those of the ordinary wall greenhouse on sunny day but equal on cloudy day. It could be seen that the compound heterogeneous wall greenhouse possessed better warming performance and thermal insulating property than those of the ordinary wall greenhouse.(2) The temperature in greenhouse with compound heterogeneous wall was higher than that of the ordinary wall greenhouse, regardless of sunny day or cloudy day. On sunny day, the maximum temperature in the compound heterogeneous wall greenhouse was 3.0-8.0 ℃ higher than that in the ordinary wall greenhouse generally, and the minimum temperature in the compound heterogeneous wall greenhouse was 1.0 ℃ higher than that in the ordinary wall greenhouse. While on cloudy days, the temperature difference between maximum temperature and minimum temperature in two types of greenhouses was 2.0-3.0 ℃and 3.0 ℃, respectively.
This article aimed to explore the law of temperature evolution and find the differences between temperature increase and heat preservation in solar greenhouses with different wall materials in order to carry out and manage greenhouse cultivation pertinently. The changes of temperature in two different materials wall solar greenhouses under different weather conditions were showed by the MATLAB programming. The sample temperature data were continuously monitored over a period of time with different gradients and orientations in both compound heterogeneous wall solar greenhouse and ordinary wall solar greenhouse. The results were as follows:(1) The temperature heating and cooling rate in compound heterogeneous wall greenhouse was faster than those of the ordinary wall greenhouse on sunny day but equal on cloudy day. It could be seen that the compound heterogeneous wall greenhouse possessed better warming performance and thermal insulating property than those of the ordinary wall greenhouse.(2) The temperature in greenhouse with compound heterogeneous wall was higher than that of the ordinary wall greenhouse, regardless of sunny day or cloudy day. On sunny day, the maximum temperature in the compound heterogeneous wall greenhouse was 3.0-8.0 ℃ higher than that in the ordinary wall greenhouse generally, and the minimum temperature in the compound heterogeneous wall greenhouse was 1.0 ℃ higher than that in the ordinary wall greenhouse. While on cloudy days, the temperature difference between maximum temperature and minimum temperature in two types of greenhouses was 2.0-3.0 ℃and 3.0 ℃, respectively.
引文
[1] 于军辉.半地下式日光温室主要生态因子的变化规律及其与黄瓜产量形成的关系[D].山东泰安:山东农业大学,2011.
[2] 王惠贞,吴瑞芬,武荣盛.内蒙古不同地区日光温室的气温变化特征及增温效应研究[J].湖北农业科学,2017,56(14):2628-2635.
[3] 赵先丽,张淑杰,陈艳秋,等.辽宁大洼地区日光温室小气候特征[J].生态学杂志,2014,33(10):2656-2663.
[4] 王孝卿,李楠,薛晓萍.寿光日光温室小气候变化规律及模拟方法[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(10):236-242.
[5] 魏瑞江,王春乙,范增禄.石家庄地区日光温室冬季小气候特征及其与大气候的关系[J].气象,2010,36(1):97-103.
[6] 白青,张亚红,刘佳梅.日光温室土质墙体内温度与室内气温的测定分析[J].西北农业学报,2009,18(6):332-337.
[7] 杨建军,邹志荣,张智,等.西北地区日光温室土墙厚度及其保温性的优化[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(8):180-185.
[8] 刘淑梅,薛庆禹,李春,等.天津地区不同墙体处理对日光温室保温性能影响初探[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(35):170-179.
[9] 周升,张义,程瑞锋,等.大跨度主动蓄能型温室温湿环境监测及节能保温性能评价[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(6):208-225.
[10] 刘思莹,戴希楠,黄龙,等.北京地区常用类型日光温室的冬季气温特性分析[J].中国蔬菜,2011(22/24):20-25.
[11] 樊平声,冯伟民,卢昱宇,等.不同墙体日光温室保温性能研究[J].山东农业科学,2014,46(3):25-27.
[12] 李明,周长吉,丁小明,等.日光温室聚苯乙烯型砖复合墙保温蓄热性能[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(1):200-205.
[13] 蒋国振,胡耀华,刘玉凤,等.基于CFD的下沉式日光温室保温性能分析[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(12):275-281.
[14] 朱宝文,胡德奎,郭晓宁,等.高寒地区日光温室地温变化及预报[J].干旱气象,2014,32(5):765-772.
[15] 蒋菊芳,魏育国,徐正芬,等.河西走廊东部不同结构日光温室保温性对比[J].干旱气象,2015,33(2):317-323.
[16] 刘晓宇,何翠,杜亮,等.相变材料墙体在郑州地区下沉式日光温室中的保温作用[J].中国农业气象,2014,35(2):174-179.
[17] 于威,颉建明,唐大为,等.四种典型日光温室性能差异研究[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2016,51(3):77-82.
[18] 武国峰,黄红英,孙恩惠,等.不同墙体材料日光温室的保温性能[J].江苏农业学报,2015,31(2):441-448.
[19] 吴雁,王荣英,李江波,等.1960—2013年河北省雾霾天气变化特征[J].干旱气象,2017,35(3):391-397.
[2] 王惠贞,吴瑞芬,武荣盛.内蒙古不同地区日光温室的气温变化特征及增温效应研究[J].湖北农业科学,2017,56(14):2628-2635.
[3] 赵先丽,张淑杰,陈艳秋,等.辽宁大洼地区日光温室小气候特征[J].生态学杂志,2014,33(10):2656-2663.
[4] 王孝卿,李楠,薛晓萍.寿光日光温室小气候变化规律及模拟方法[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(10):236-242.
[5] 魏瑞江,王春乙,范增禄.石家庄地区日光温室冬季小气候特征及其与大气候的关系[J].气象,2010,36(1):97-103.
[6] 白青,张亚红,刘佳梅.日光温室土质墙体内温度与室内气温的测定分析[J].西北农业学报,2009,18(6):332-337.
[7] 杨建军,邹志荣,张智,等.西北地区日光温室土墙厚度及其保温性的优化[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(8):180-185.
[8] 刘淑梅,薛庆禹,李春,等.天津地区不同墙体处理对日光温室保温性能影响初探[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(35):170-179.
[9] 周升,张义,程瑞锋,等.大跨度主动蓄能型温室温湿环境监测及节能保温性能评价[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(6):208-225.
[10] 刘思莹,戴希楠,黄龙,等.北京地区常用类型日光温室的冬季气温特性分析[J].中国蔬菜,2011(22/24):20-25.
[11] 樊平声,冯伟民,卢昱宇,等.不同墙体日光温室保温性能研究[J].山东农业科学,2014,46(3):25-27.
[12] 李明,周长吉,丁小明,等.日光温室聚苯乙烯型砖复合墙保温蓄热性能[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(1):200-205.
[13] 蒋国振,胡耀华,刘玉凤,等.基于CFD的下沉式日光温室保温性能分析[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(12):275-281.
[14] 朱宝文,胡德奎,郭晓宁,等.高寒地区日光温室地温变化及预报[J].干旱气象,2014,32(5):765-772.
[15] 蒋菊芳,魏育国,徐正芬,等.河西走廊东部不同结构日光温室保温性对比[J].干旱气象,2015,33(2):317-323.
[16] 刘晓宇,何翠,杜亮,等.相变材料墙体在郑州地区下沉式日光温室中的保温作用[J].中国农业气象,2014,35(2):174-179.
[17] 于威,颉建明,唐大为,等.四种典型日光温室性能差异研究[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2016,51(3):77-82.
[18] 武国峰,黄红英,孙恩惠,等.不同墙体材料日光温室的保温性能[J].江苏农业学报,2015,31(2):441-448.
[19] 吴雁,王荣英,李江波,等.1960—2013年河北省雾霾天气变化特征[J].干旱气象,2017,35(3):391-397.