车辆轨迹信息的道路属性粗糙集定权模型
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摘要
针对利用道路自身属性来计算重要度,并进行道路选取时产生的路网不连通、道路悬挂等问题,该文提出一种新的道路属性定权模型。结合轨迹大数据与道路自身属性,以路段为基本单位,选取道路长度、连通度、网络密度、车流量、平均车速、偏好系数6项属性作为道路重要性的衡量指标,采用基于牵引程度的离散化方法,实现指标数据的离散化,利用粗糙集确定属性权重。基于武汉市车辆的轨迹数据和道路数据的实验结果表明,该文模型计算得到的重要性值更符合实际情况,以该重要性进行道路选取时,有效地解决了路网中一些道路由于自身属性较小,使得重要度计算较小,导致道路选取时被舍弃,产生的路网不连通、道路悬挂等问题。
In this paper,a new weighting model of road attributes was proposed,which could be used to reduce road suspension and road network disconnection while the importance degree of roads is used to select roads.Based on the trajectory data and the road's own attributes,this method took each road segment as one basic unit.Six attributes such as road length,connectivity,network density,traffic flow,mean velocity,and preference coefficient were selected as indicators of basic unit's importance.Then each indicator data was discretized by traction degree.Finally,each attribute weight was determined by rough set.The experiment was carried out on the trajectory data and road data of Wuhan city.And the results showed that the importance of the road calculated by the model better reflected the actual situation.When some roads of less importance were deleted,the attendant problem such as road suspension and road network disconnection could be solved.
In this paper,a new weighting model of road attributes was proposed,which could be used to reduce road suspension and road network disconnection while the importance degree of roads is used to select roads.Based on the trajectory data and the road's own attributes,this method took each road segment as one basic unit.Six attributes such as road length,connectivity,network density,traffic flow,mean velocity,and preference coefficient were selected as indicators of basic unit's importance.Then each indicator data was discretized by traction degree.Finally,each attribute weight was determined by rough set.The experiment was carried out on the trajectory data and road data of Wuhan city.And the results showed that the importance of the road calculated by the model better reflected the actual situation.When some roads of less importance were deleted,the attendant problem such as road suspension and road network disconnection could be solved.
引文
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[17]KARL V W,FILIP B,STEFAN V D S.Automatic update of road attributes by mining GPS tracks[J].Transactions in GIS,2016,20(5):664-683.
[18]唐炉亮,刘章,杨雪,等.符合认知规律的时空轨迹融合与路网生成方法[J].测绘学报,2015,44(11):1271-1276,1284.(TANG Luliang,LIU Zhang,YANG Xue,et al.A method of spatio-temporal trajectory fusion and road network generation based on cognitive law[J].Acta Geodaetica Cartographica Sinica,2015,44(11):1271-1276,1284.)
[19]杨伟,艾廷华.基于车辆轨迹大数据的道路网更新方法研究[J].计算机研究与发展,2016,53(12):2681-2693.(YANG Wei,AI Tinghua.A method for road network updating based on vehicle trajectory big data[J].Journal of Computer Research and Development,2016,53(12):2681-2693.)
[20]李雯静,邱佳,龙毅.粗集方法在地图综合中的应用[J].测绘学报,2012,41(2):298-301,308.(LIWenjing,QIU Jia,LONG Yi.Application of rough set theory in map generalization[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2012,41(2):298-301,308.)
[21]李雯静,邱佳,吕垒.GIS信息综合中一种改进的粗集选取方法[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2011,36(5):588-592.(LI Wenjing,QIU Jia,LYU Lei.An improvement selection method of GIS information generalization based on rough set[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2011,36(5):588-592.)
[22]QIU Jia,LI Wenjing.River network dynamic selection with spacial data and attribute data based on rough set[C]∥Proceedings of 18th International Conference on Geoinformatics.Red Hook,NY,USA:Curran Associates,Inc.,2010:1-5.
[2]商亚其.道路自动综合算法的比较与应用研究[D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2013.(SHANG Yaqi.Comparison and applications of automated generalization algorithms for roads on maps[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou Jiaotong University,2013.)
[3]刘海龙,钱海忠,王骁,等.采用层次分析法的道路网整体匹配方法[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2015,40(5):644-651.(LIU Hailong,QIAN Haizhong,WANGXiao,et al.Road networks global matching method using analytical hierarchy process[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2015,40(5):644-651.)
[4]KARAGIORGOU S,PFOSER D.On vehicle tracking data-based road network generation[C]∥Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems.New York,USA:ACM,2012:89-98.
[5]LIU X J,ZHAN F B,AI T H.Road selection based on Voronoi diagrams and‘strokes’in map generalization[J].International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation,2010,12:S194-S202.
[6]徐柱,刘彩凤,张红,等.基于路划网络功能评价的道路选取方法[J].测绘学报,2012,41(5):769-776.(XUZhu,LIU Caifeng,ZHANG Hong,et al.Road selection based on evaluation of stroke network functionality[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2012,41(5):769-776.)
[7]李飞,栾学晨,杨必胜,等.高等级道路网的拓扑自动保持方法[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2014,39(6):729-733.(LI Fei,LUAN Xuechen,YANG Bisheng,et al.Automatic topology maintenance approach for high-level road networks[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2014,39(6):729-733.)
[8]LI Z L,CHOI Y H.Topographic map generalization:association of road elimination with thematic attributes[J].The Cartographic Journal,2002,39(2):153-166.
[9]ZHOU Q,LI Z.Evaluation of properties to determine the importance of individual roads for map generalization[M]∥RUAS A.Advances in Cartography and GIScience.[S.l.]:[s.n.],2011:459-475.
[10]邓红艳,武芳,王辉连.等.基于拓扑相似性的道路网综合模型[J].测绘科学技术学报,2008,25(3):183-187.(DENG Hongyan,WU Fang,WANG Huilian,et al.Ageneralization of road networks based on topological similarity[J].Journal of Geomatics Science and Technology,2008,25(3):183-187.)
[11]何海威,钱海忠,刘海龙,等.道路网层次骨架控制的道路选取方法[J].测绘学报,2015,44(4):453-461,470.(HE Haiwei,QIAN Haizhong,LIU Hailong,et al.Road network selection based on road hierarchical structure control[J].Acta Geodaetica Cartographica Sinica,2015,44(4):453-461,470.)
[12]GOODCHILD M F.Citizens as sensors:the world of volunteered geography[J].GeoJournal,2007,69(4):211-221.
[13]刘大有,陈慧琳,齐红,等.时空数据挖掘进展[J].计算机研究与发展,2013,50(2):225-239.(LIU Dayou,CHEN Huilin,QI Hong,et al.Advance in spatiotemporal data mining[J].Journal of Computer Research and Development,2013,50(2):225-239.)
[14]孟小峰,张啸剑.大数据隐私管理[J].计算机研究与发展,2015,52(2):265-281.(MENG Xiaofeng,ZHANGXiaojian.Big data privacy management[J].Journal of Computer Research and Development,2015,52(2):265-281.)
[15]ANMED M,KARAGIORGOU S,PFORSER D,et al.A comparison and evalutation of map construction algorithms using vehicle tracking data[J].Geoinformatica,2015,19(3):601-632.
[16]蒋新华,廖律超,邹复民.基于浮动车移动轨迹的新增道路自动发现算法[J].计算机应用,2013,33(2):579-582(JIANG Xinhua,LIAO LYUchao,ZOU Fumin.Automatic detection algorithm for new roads based on trajectory of float cars[J].Journal of Computer Applications,2013,33(2):579-582.)
[17]KARL V W,FILIP B,STEFAN V D S.Automatic update of road attributes by mining GPS tracks[J].Transactions in GIS,2016,20(5):664-683.
[18]唐炉亮,刘章,杨雪,等.符合认知规律的时空轨迹融合与路网生成方法[J].测绘学报,2015,44(11):1271-1276,1284.(TANG Luliang,LIU Zhang,YANG Xue,et al.A method of spatio-temporal trajectory fusion and road network generation based on cognitive law[J].Acta Geodaetica Cartographica Sinica,2015,44(11):1271-1276,1284.)
[19]杨伟,艾廷华.基于车辆轨迹大数据的道路网更新方法研究[J].计算机研究与发展,2016,53(12):2681-2693.(YANG Wei,AI Tinghua.A method for road network updating based on vehicle trajectory big data[J].Journal of Computer Research and Development,2016,53(12):2681-2693.)
[20]李雯静,邱佳,龙毅.粗集方法在地图综合中的应用[J].测绘学报,2012,41(2):298-301,308.(LIWenjing,QIU Jia,LONG Yi.Application of rough set theory in map generalization[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2012,41(2):298-301,308.)
[21]李雯静,邱佳,吕垒.GIS信息综合中一种改进的粗集选取方法[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2011,36(5):588-592.(LI Wenjing,QIU Jia,LYU Lei.An improvement selection method of GIS information generalization based on rough set[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2011,36(5):588-592.)
[22]QIU Jia,LI Wenjing.River network dynamic selection with spacial data and attribute data based on rough set[C]∥Proceedings of 18th International Conference on Geoinformatics.Red Hook,NY,USA:Curran Associates,Inc.,2010:1-5.