板式无砟轨道轨面变形与路基沉降的映射关系
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摘要
为研究路基沉降对板式轨道轨面几何变形的影响,基于无拉力Winkler地基叠合梁理论,针对纵连式、单元式两种板式轨道,提出了考虑板底脱空的路基沉降与轨面变形间静态映射关系的计算方法,并对由不同沉降型式引起的两种轨道轨面变形特征及变化规律进行了对比分析.结果表明:纵连板式轨道对基础变形的适应力较单元板式轨道欠佳,底座板与路基间易形成大范围脱空;自重效应下沉降引起的两种轨道轨面变形随基础沉降量的增大差异加剧,且对路基沉降波长极为敏感,当沉降波长达到20 m后,轨下板底脱空现象明显缓解,轨面几何不平顺基本可与路基变形保持一致;路基折角型沉降对轨面平顺性的影响相对平缓,错台型沉降不仅使轨面剧烈弯折,还会导致板底严重脱空,10 mm差异沉降即可引发轨道与路基结构间约8 mm的空吊,给列车运营质量和轨道结构疲劳特性均造成不利影响.
In order to investigate the effect of subgrade settlement on the track geometry of the slab track,a calculation method for the mapping relationship between rail deflection and subgrade settlement was proposed,aiming at both longitudinal connected track and unit slab track of high-speed railways. The method is based on the theory of composite beams on tensionless Winkler foundation,which takes into account the potential voids between the bottom slab and the subgrade. The characteristics of the rail deflections of the aforementioned tracks,induced by different settlement profiles,were investigated and compared. The results show that in terms of the adaptability to the subgrade settlement,the longitudinal connected track is inferior to the unit slab track,while the largescale unsupported area is more likely to be induced between the longitudinal connected track and subgrade. The difference in rail deflection between the two tracks is significantly aggravated by the amplitude of the subgrade settlement. The rail deflection is also sensitive to the settlement wavelength.When the wavelength is extended to 20 m,the number of voids under the track are significantlyreduced and the rail deflection is basically in accordance with the subgrade. The influence of angulartype differential settlement on the deflection is relatively low,while the faulting-type settlement always results in severe rail deflection and voids. For instance, the maximum depth of void reaches approximately 8 mm when the faulting is 10 mm. The induced track irregularity and voids may pose threats to the train's operation quality and the fatigue behaviour of the track structure.
In order to investigate the effect of subgrade settlement on the track geometry of the slab track,a calculation method for the mapping relationship between rail deflection and subgrade settlement was proposed,aiming at both longitudinal connected track and unit slab track of high-speed railways. The method is based on the theory of composite beams on tensionless Winkler foundation,which takes into account the potential voids between the bottom slab and the subgrade. The characteristics of the rail deflections of the aforementioned tracks,induced by different settlement profiles,were investigated and compared. The results show that in terms of the adaptability to the subgrade settlement,the longitudinal connected track is inferior to the unit slab track,while the largescale unsupported area is more likely to be induced between the longitudinal connected track and subgrade. The difference in rail deflection between the two tracks is significantly aggravated by the amplitude of the subgrade settlement. The rail deflection is also sensitive to the settlement wavelength.When the wavelength is extended to 20 m,the number of voids under the track are significantlyreduced and the rail deflection is basically in accordance with the subgrade. The influence of angulartype differential settlement on the deflection is relatively low,while the faulting-type settlement always results in severe rail deflection and voids. For instance, the maximum depth of void reaches approximately 8 mm when the faulting is 10 mm. The induced track irregularity and voids may pose threats to the train's operation quality and the fatigue behaviour of the track structure.
引文
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[10]严晓波,徐光辉.路基结构性能不均匀对无砟轨道静力影响分析[J].铁道学报,2016,38(1):98-102.YAN Xiaobo,XU Guanghui.Analysis of nonuniform performance of subgrade structure on static effect of ballastless track[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2016,38(1):98-102.
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[12]陈兆玮,孙宇,翟婉明.高速铁路桥墩沉降与钢轨变形的映射关系(Ⅰ):单元板式无砟轨道系统[J].中国科学:技术科学,2014,44(7):770-777.CHEN Zhaowei,SUN Yu,ZHAI Wanming.Mapping relationship between pier settlement and rail deformation of high-speed railways-part(Ⅰ):The unit slab ballastless track system[J].Sci.Sin.Tech.,2014,44(7):770-777.
[13]陈兆玮,孙宇,翟婉明.高速铁路桥墩沉降与钢轨变形的映射关系(Ⅱ):纵连板式无砟轨道系统[J].中国科学:技术科学,2014,44(7):778-785.CHEN Zhaowei,SUN Yu,ZHAI Wanming.Mapping relationship between pier settlement and rail deformation of high-speed railways-part(Ⅱ):The longitudinal connected ballastless track system[J].Sci.Sin.Tech.,2014,44(7):778-785.
[14]肖威,郭宇,高建敏,等.高速铁路路基不均匀沉降对CRTSⅢ板式轨道受力变形的影响[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2015,12(4):724-730.XIAO Wei,GUO Yu,GAO Jianmin,et al.Effect of uneven subgrade settlement on the CRTSⅢslab track stress and deformation of high-speed railway[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2015,12(4):724-730.
[15]孙璐,段雨芬,高培培.高速铁路板式无砟轨道的结构分析模型对比[J].东南大学学报:自然科学版,2013,43(5):938-943.SUN Lu,DUAN Yufen,GAO Peipei.Comparison of structural analysis models for slab ballastless track in high-speed railway[J].Journal of Southeast University:Natural Science Edition,2013,43(5):938-943.
[16]翟婉明.车辆-轨道耦合动力学(上册)[M].4版.北京:科学出版社,2015:77-89.
[17]徐庆元,李斌,范浩.路基不均匀沉降对列车-路基上无砟轨道耦合系统动力特性的影响[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2012,9(3):13-19.XU Qingyuan,LI Bin,FAN Hao.Influence of uneven settlement of subgrade on dynamic characteristic of train-ballastless track on subgrade coupling system[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2012,9(3):13-19.
[2]王其昌.高速铁路土木工程[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,1999.
[3]CHEN R,CHEN J,ZHAO X,et al.Cumulative settlement of track subgrade in high-speed railway under varying water levels[J].International Journal of Rail Transportation,2014,2(4):205-220.
[4]蔡成标,翟婉明,王开云.遂渝线路基上板式轨道动力性能计算及评估分析[J].中国铁道科学,2006,27(4):17-21.CAI Chengbiao,ZHAI Wanming,WANG Kaiyun.Calculation and assessment analysis of the dynamic performance for slab track on Sui-Yu Railway[J].China Railway Science,2006,27(4):17-21.
[5]DAHLBERG T.Some railroad settlement models:a critical review[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part F:Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit,2001,215(4):289-300.
[6]VARANDAS J N,HSCHER P,SILVA M A G.Settlement of ballasted track under traffic loading:application to transition zones[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part F:Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit,2014,228(3):242-259.
[7]LI X,NIELSEN J C O,PSSON B A.Simulation of track settlement in railway turnouts[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2014,52(Sup.1):421-439.
[8]邹春华,周顺华,王炳龙.有砟轨道路基不均匀沉降引起轨枕空吊的计算方法[J].铁道学报,2013,35(1):87-92.ZOU Chunhua,ZHOU Shunhua,WANG Binglong.Calculation method of unsupported sleepers caused by differential subgrade settlement of ballasted track[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2013,35(1):87-92.
[9]付龙龙,宫全美,周顺华,等.列车荷载作用下有砟轨道轨面沉降与路基不均匀沉降间的相关关系[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(14):23-28.FU Longlong,GONG Quanmei,ZHOU Shunhua,et al.Relationships between ballasted track settlement and differential subgrade settlement under train load[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2013,32(14):23-28.
[10]严晓波,徐光辉.路基结构性能不均匀对无砟轨道静力影响分析[J].铁道学报,2016,38(1):98-102.YAN Xiaobo,XU Guanghui.Analysis of nonuniform performance of subgrade structure on static effect of ballastless track[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2016,38(1):98-102.
[11]蔡小培,刘薇,王璞,等.地面沉降对路基上双块式无砟轨道平顺性的影响[J].工程力学,2014,31(9):160-165.CAI Xiaopei,LIU Wei,WANG Pu,et al.Effect of land subsidence on regularity of double-block ballastless track[J].Engineering Mechanics,2014,31(9):160-165.
[12]陈兆玮,孙宇,翟婉明.高速铁路桥墩沉降与钢轨变形的映射关系(Ⅰ):单元板式无砟轨道系统[J].中国科学:技术科学,2014,44(7):770-777.CHEN Zhaowei,SUN Yu,ZHAI Wanming.Mapping relationship between pier settlement and rail deformation of high-speed railways-part(Ⅰ):The unit slab ballastless track system[J].Sci.Sin.Tech.,2014,44(7):770-777.
[13]陈兆玮,孙宇,翟婉明.高速铁路桥墩沉降与钢轨变形的映射关系(Ⅱ):纵连板式无砟轨道系统[J].中国科学:技术科学,2014,44(7):778-785.CHEN Zhaowei,SUN Yu,ZHAI Wanming.Mapping relationship between pier settlement and rail deformation of high-speed railways-part(Ⅱ):The longitudinal connected ballastless track system[J].Sci.Sin.Tech.,2014,44(7):778-785.
[14]肖威,郭宇,高建敏,等.高速铁路路基不均匀沉降对CRTSⅢ板式轨道受力变形的影响[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2015,12(4):724-730.XIAO Wei,GUO Yu,GAO Jianmin,et al.Effect of uneven subgrade settlement on the CRTSⅢslab track stress and deformation of high-speed railway[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2015,12(4):724-730.
[15]孙璐,段雨芬,高培培.高速铁路板式无砟轨道的结构分析模型对比[J].东南大学学报:自然科学版,2013,43(5):938-943.SUN Lu,DUAN Yufen,GAO Peipei.Comparison of structural analysis models for slab ballastless track in high-speed railway[J].Journal of Southeast University:Natural Science Edition,2013,43(5):938-943.
[16]翟婉明.车辆-轨道耦合动力学(上册)[M].4版.北京:科学出版社,2015:77-89.
[17]徐庆元,李斌,范浩.路基不均匀沉降对列车-路基上无砟轨道耦合系统动力特性的影响[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2012,9(3):13-19.XU Qingyuan,LI Bin,FAN Hao.Influence of uneven settlement of subgrade on dynamic characteristic of train-ballastless track on subgrade coupling system[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2012,9(3):13-19.