几种水溶肥喷施对草莓产量及品质的影响
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摘要
为了筛选适合于苏南丘陵地区草莓上喷洒的水溶肥。本试验在句容李家桥村实施,以草莓(‘红颊’)为材料,设5个处理:(1):常规对照(CK1),(2):清水对照(CK2),(3):含腐植酸水溶肥料(易民),(4):中量元素水溶肥料(易民),(5):含腐植酸水溶肥料(劲力)。结果表明:含腐殖酸水溶肥能提高草莓单果重,促进草莓增产,提高草莓抗病能力,草莓生长前期单果重、产量及抗病能力,处理5表现最佳,处理4次之,与对照(处理1)比,处理5、处理4分别增产11.28%、5.10%;而中量元素水溶肥则可提高草莓品质,促进草莓可溶性固形物含量的增加,草莓整个生产过程中,处理4一直表现较好,处理5次之,与清水对照(处理2)比,处理4、处理5分别提高0.5、0.1个百分点。因此,在草莓生产中喷施含腐殖酸水溶肥可以提高草莓产量,增强草莓抗病能力,改善草莓品质,研究结果可以为当地农户草莓生产用肥提供理论参考依据。
To seek proper water soluble fertilizer spraying on strawberry in hilly areas in southern Jiangsu, a study was conducted at Lijia Bridge Village in Jurong. The author took strawberry‘Hongjia'as material, and designed 5 spraying treatments as follows: conventional control(CK1), water control(CK2), water soluble fertilizer with humic acid(Yimin), water soluble fertilizer with medium elements(Yimin), water soluble fertilizer with humic acid(Jinli). The results showed that: spraying water soluble fertilizer with humic acid could increase the single fruit weight and yield of strawberry and enhance the disease resistance of strawberry;treatment 5 had the best impacts on single fruit weight, yield and disease resistance at the early growth stage of strawberry, and followed by treatment 4; compared with CK1, the strawberry yield in treatment 5 and 4 increased by 11.28% and 5.10%, respectively; treatment 4 could also improve the quality of strawberry with the increase of solids content; during the strawberry growth, compared with treatment 2, the solids content of treatment 4 and 5 increased by 0.5 and 0.1 percentage, respectively. In conclusion, spraying water soluble fertilizer with humic acid can increase yield, enhance disease resistance and improve the quality of strawberry.
To seek proper water soluble fertilizer spraying on strawberry in hilly areas in southern Jiangsu, a study was conducted at Lijia Bridge Village in Jurong. The author took strawberry‘Hongjia'as material, and designed 5 spraying treatments as follows: conventional control(CK1), water control(CK2), water soluble fertilizer with humic acid(Yimin), water soluble fertilizer with medium elements(Yimin), water soluble fertilizer with humic acid(Jinli). The results showed that: spraying water soluble fertilizer with humic acid could increase the single fruit weight and yield of strawberry and enhance the disease resistance of strawberry;treatment 5 had the best impacts on single fruit weight, yield and disease resistance at the early growth stage of strawberry, and followed by treatment 4; compared with CK1, the strawberry yield in treatment 5 and 4 increased by 11.28% and 5.10%, respectively; treatment 4 could also improve the quality of strawberry with the increase of solids content; during the strawberry growth, compared with treatment 2, the solids content of treatment 4 and 5 increased by 0.5 and 0.1 percentage, respectively. In conclusion, spraying water soluble fertilizer with humic acid can increase yield, enhance disease resistance and improve the quality of strawberry.
引文
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[14]王润屹,黄凌云,黄芳.5种常用肥料对重茬地草莓产量、品质及病害的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2011,39(4):172-174.
[15]葛佳,李博,李然然,等.叶面喷施秸秆源提取物对草莓果实产量和品质的影响[J].食品科学,2014,35(6):200-203.
[16]阳圣莹,白胜,蒋浩宏,等.不同补光处理对设施草莓光合特性及果实品质的影响[J].山西农业科学2016,44(9):1298-1303.
[17]曾祥国,韩永超,向发云,等.采前叶面喷施螯合钙对草莓品质、钙形态和贮藏期灰霉病的影响[J].中国果树,2015,6:23-26.
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[19]王孝娣,刘凤之,王帅,等.喷施氨基酸硒叶面肥对设施栽培草莓叶片质量和果实品质的影响[J].中国果树,2014,4:37-39.
[20]王志平,王克武,贯立茹,等.结果期不同水溶肥对温室草莓产量及含糖量的影响[J].中国园艺文摘,2014,1:46-47,51.
[21]吴慧,邱火箭,高杰,等.不同营养液配方对盆栽草莓生长及产量的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2015,52(5):868-874.
[22]王蓓,高旭,王甜甜,等.叶面喷施含氨基酸水溶肥料在辣椒和豇豆上的肥效[J].土壤,2017,49(4):692-698.
[23]贾蕊.不同钙处理对盆栽东方百合叶烧病发生的形态和生理影响[D].南宁:广西大学,2017:42-43.
[24]王凌宇,廖晓兰,张亚.草莓灰霉病的防治研究进展[J].湖南农业科学,2015,6:142-144.
[2]罗学兵,贺良明.草莓的营养价值与保健功能[J].中国食物与营养,2011,17(4):74-76.
[3]杨雷,杨莉,李莉,等.草莓果实重要性状动态规律研究[J].华北农学报,2010,25(增刊):96-99.
[4]韩庆新,李兰,李云,等.四川省草莓的生产现状及发展探讨[J].农业科技通讯,2014,11:4-6.
[5]程然,生吉萍.草莓果实成熟衰老影响因子及其调控机制研究进展[J].食品科学,2015,36(9):242-247.
[6]赵海涛,李良俊,殷朝珍,等.水生蔬菜轮作对大棚草莓连作土壤性质的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2014,30(2):289-295.
[7]李军.水溶肥在我国农业生产中的应用[J].中国园艺文摘,2017,2:223-224.
[8]汪家铭.水溶肥发展现状及市场前景[J].氮肥技术,2011,32(5):27-31.
[9]吴维民.我国水溶肥生产现状与发展方向初探[J].盐业与化工,2016,45(7):1-3.
[10]王少鹏,洪煜丞,黄福先,等.叶面肥发展现状综述[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(4):96-98.
[11]马欣,宗静,刘宝文.不同水肥用量对日光温室草莓产量和果实品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2015,5:39-42.
[12]刘阳,郝欣,全青龙,等.有机微肥施肥量对草莓产量和品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2009(4):85-87.
[13]杨祥田,周翠,李建辉,等.不同轮作方式下大棚草莓产量及土壤生物学特性[J].中国生态农业学报,2010,18(2):312-315.
[14]王润屹,黄凌云,黄芳.5种常用肥料对重茬地草莓产量、品质及病害的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2011,39(4):172-174.
[15]葛佳,李博,李然然,等.叶面喷施秸秆源提取物对草莓果实产量和品质的影响[J].食品科学,2014,35(6):200-203.
[16]阳圣莹,白胜,蒋浩宏,等.不同补光处理对设施草莓光合特性及果实品质的影响[J].山西农业科学2016,44(9):1298-1303.
[17]曾祥国,韩永超,向发云,等.采前叶面喷施螯合钙对草莓品质、钙形态和贮藏期灰霉病的影响[J].中国果树,2015,6:23-26.
[18]祁连弟,苗林.沼肥对温室大棚草莓产量及品质的影响[J].河南农业科学,2014,43(3):121-123.
[19]王孝娣,刘凤之,王帅,等.喷施氨基酸硒叶面肥对设施栽培草莓叶片质量和果实品质的影响[J].中国果树,2014,4:37-39.
[20]王志平,王克武,贯立茹,等.结果期不同水溶肥对温室草莓产量及含糖量的影响[J].中国园艺文摘,2014,1:46-47,51.
[21]吴慧,邱火箭,高杰,等.不同营养液配方对盆栽草莓生长及产量的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2015,52(5):868-874.
[22]王蓓,高旭,王甜甜,等.叶面喷施含氨基酸水溶肥料在辣椒和豇豆上的肥效[J].土壤,2017,49(4):692-698.
[23]贾蕊.不同钙处理对盆栽东方百合叶烧病发生的形态和生理影响[D].南宁:广西大学,2017:42-43.
[24]王凌宇,廖晓兰,张亚.草莓灰霉病的防治研究进展[J].湖南农业科学,2015,6:142-144.