风速突变工况下永磁风力发电机静态偏心磁场分析
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摘要
为了研究风速突然变化对永磁风力发电机主轴的电磁力作用,特别是在已发生一定的主轴偏心的情况下风速突变对主轴的影响,利用数学表达式和仿真对气隙磁场进行了计算和分析。根据发电机气隙偏心故障时气隙磁场变化的特点,计算气隙磁导和磁场密度,并利用ANSOFT MAXWELL软件建立永磁风力发电机的二维模型,分析电流变化引起的电磁力及其对主轴的作用。仿真结果表明:风速突变引起的电流变化影响永磁风力发电机气隙磁密。转子偏心使发电机转子产生沿偏心方向的磁拉力,风速突变时转子收到的不平衡磁拉力比正常风速运行更大。
In order to study the effect of sudden changes in wind speed on the electromagnetic force of the rotor of the permanent magnet wind generator,especially in the case of a certain rotor eccentricity,the magnetic field of the air gap is calculated and analyzed by using the mathematical expression and simulation. The air gap magnetic conductance and magnetic field density are calculated according to the characteristics of air gap magnetic field when the air gap eccentricity fault of generator occurs. The two-dimensional model of permanent magnet wind generator is established by ANSOFT MAXWELL software,and the electromagnetic force caused by the current variation and its effect on the main shaft are analyzed. The simulation results show that the change of winding current caused by the wind speed change affects the air gap magnetic flux density of permanent magnet wind turbine generator. The rotor eccentricity produces magnetic force along the direction of eccentricity,when the wind speed abruptly changes,the unbalanced magnetic pull of the rotor is larger than the normal speed.
In order to study the effect of sudden changes in wind speed on the electromagnetic force of the rotor of the permanent magnet wind generator,especially in the case of a certain rotor eccentricity,the magnetic field of the air gap is calculated and analyzed by using the mathematical expression and simulation. The air gap magnetic conductance and magnetic field density are calculated according to the characteristics of air gap magnetic field when the air gap eccentricity fault of generator occurs. The two-dimensional model of permanent magnet wind generator is established by ANSOFT MAXWELL software,and the electromagnetic force caused by the current variation and its effect on the main shaft are analyzed. The simulation results show that the change of winding current caused by the wind speed change affects the air gap magnetic flux density of permanent magnet wind turbine generator. The rotor eccentricity produces magnetic force along the direction of eccentricity,when the wind speed abruptly changes,the unbalanced magnetic pull of the rotor is larger than the normal speed.
引文
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[13]侯小全,周光厚,廖毅刚,等.电磁场有限元技术在大型,新型发电机优化设计中的应用[J].东方电机,2010,(1):40-49.Hou Xiaoquan,Zhou Guanghou,Liao Yigang,et al.Application of Electromagnetic Field Finite Element Method in the Optimization Design of Large and New Generator[J].Dongfang Electrical Machine,2010,(1):40-49.
[2]R.Belmans,A.Vandenput.Calculation of the flux density and the unbalanced pull in two pole induction machines[J].IEEE Archiv fur Elektrotechnik,1987,(70):151-161.
[3]万书亭,李和明,李永刚.气隙偏心对汽轮发电机定转子振动特性的影响[J].振动与冲击,2005,24(6):21-23.Wan Shuting,Li Heming,Li Yonggang.Influence of air gap eccentricity of turbine generator stator and rotor vibration characteristics[J].Journalof vibration and shock,2005,24(6):21-23.
[4]万书亭,孔江生.发电机偏心故障的机电多重特征分析[J].中国机械工程,2008,19(3):357-350.Wan Shuting,Kong Jiangsheng.Compositive Characteristics of Vibration and Current of the Generator Air-gap Eccentric Fault[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2008,19(3):357-350.
[5]李志和,李正光,孙维鹏.不平衡磁拉力作用下偏心转子的非线性振动[J].吉林大学学报,2011,49(3):460-461.Li Zhihe,Li Zhengguang,Sun Weipeng.Nonlinear vibration of an Eccentric Rotor Subjected to Unbalanced Magnetic Pull[J].journal of Jilin university,2011,49(3):460-461.
[6]诸嘉慧,邱阿瑞,孙宇光.大型水轮发电机转子偏心下电感参数的有限元计算[J].清华大学学报(自然科学),2006,46(1):13-16.Hu Jiahui,Qiu Arui,Sun Yuguang.FEM analysis of the inductance parametersin a large hydro-generator with eccentricity[J].J T singhua Univ(Sci&Tech),2006,46(1):13-16.
[7]诸嘉慧,邱阿瑞.大型水轮发电机转子偏心磁场的计算[J].大电机技术.2007,(3):1-5.Zhu Jiahui,Qiu Arui.Eccentric Magnetic Field Calculation for a Large Hydrogenerator[J].Large Electric Machine and Hydraulic Turbine,2007,(3):1-5.
[8]诸嘉慧,邱阿瑞.转子偏心对不同绕组形式大型凸极同步发电机支路感应电动势的影响[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(10):1-5.Zhu Jiahui,Qiu Arui.Effect of Rotor Eccentricity on the Branch Induced Voltage of the Large Salient-Pole Synchronous Generator under Different Winding Connection Condition[J].Transaction of China Electrotechnical Society,2009,24(10):1-5.
[9]徐永,李朝晖.利用发电机空载特性曲线的不平衡磁拉力分析方法[J].大电机技术,2012,(2):1-5.Xu Yong,Li Zhaohui.Analytical Method of the Unbalanced Magnetic Pull Taking Advantages of the Open-circuit Characteristic of a Generator[J].Large Electric Machine and Hydraulic Turbine,2012,(2):1-5.
[10]张少如,吴爱国,李同华.无轴承永磁同步电机转子偏心位移的直接控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(12):65-70.Zhang Shaoru,Wu Aiguo,Li Tonghua.Direct Control for Rotor Eccentric Displacement of Bearingless Permanent Magnet-type Synchronous Motors[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(12):65-70
[11]倪受元.风力机的工作原理和气动特性[J].太阳能,2000,(3):12-16.Ni Shouyuan.aerodynamic and principle of wind turbines[J].Renewable Energy,2000,(3):12-16.
[12]梁艳萍,陈建清,黄浩.转子磁路结构对汽轮发电机励磁电流和磁场分布的影响[J].电机与控制学报,2011,(4):13-17.Liang Yanping,Chen Jianqing,Huang Hao.Influence of Rotor Magnetic Circuit Structure on Excitation Current and Magnetic Field Distribution of Turbogenerator[J].Electric Machines and Control,2011,15(4):13-17.
[13]侯小全,周光厚,廖毅刚,等.电磁场有限元技术在大型,新型发电机优化设计中的应用[J].东方电机,2010,(1):40-49.Hou Xiaoquan,Zhou Guanghou,Liao Yigang,et al.Application of Electromagnetic Field Finite Element Method in the Optimization Design of Large and New Generator[J].Dongfang Electrical Machine,2010,(1):40-49.