力偶型径向柱塞马达转矩转速特性分析与实验
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摘要
为解决现有液压马达径向力不平衡造成马达易损坏的问题,基于双定子思想,设计了一种力偶型径向柱塞马达,该马达通过力偶输出转矩,输出轴的径向力平衡,不受侧向力的作用。在马达的一个壳体内形成了内、外两个马达,通过不同的配流方式可以输出3种转矩和转速。本文阐述了马达的结构特点和工作原理,分析了导轨曲线与马达转矩转速脉动的关系,通过对马达瞬时转矩的分析,得出了马达转矩转速无脉动的条件,及转矩转速脉动为零时导轨曲线的幅角分配规律。对马达样机进行了加工、实验,测试了马达在3种工作方式下的输出特性。结果表明,转矩转速脉动与进油区段柱塞的速度之和有关,若速度之和为常数,理论上无转矩转速脉动。
In order to solve the problem that the existing hydraulic motor is easy to be damaged due to unbalanced radial force,a couple force-type radial piston motor was designed based on the idea of double stators. The radial force balance of motor output shaft was not affected by the lateral force,and the torque was output through the force couple. The inner and outer motors were formed in one shell of the motor,and three kinds of torque and rotational speed can be output through different flow distribution modes.The structural characteristics and working principle of the motor were introduced,and the relationship between curve of guide rail and pulsation of motor torque and rotational speed were analyzed through the analysis of instantaneous torque of motor,the condition that torque and rotational speed of the motor without pulsating was obtained,and the law of angle distribution of guide rail curve when the torque ripple was zero was obtained. A motor test bench was built to test and measure the output characteristics of the motor. When the inner motor worked alone,the output torque was low and the rotation speed was high; when the outer motor worked alone,the torque was high and the rotation speed was low; when the inner and outer motors worked together,the maximum torque and minimum rotation speed were output.The motor prototype was processed and tested,and the output characteristics of the motor under three working modes were tested. The results showed that the torque pulsation was related to the sum of velocities of plungers in the oil inlet section. If the sum of the velocities was constant,there was no torque-speed pulsation in theory.
In order to solve the problem that the existing hydraulic motor is easy to be damaged due to unbalanced radial force,a couple force-type radial piston motor was designed based on the idea of double stators. The radial force balance of motor output shaft was not affected by the lateral force,and the torque was output through the force couple. The inner and outer motors were formed in one shell of the motor,and three kinds of torque and rotational speed can be output through different flow distribution modes.The structural characteristics and working principle of the motor were introduced,and the relationship between curve of guide rail and pulsation of motor torque and rotational speed were analyzed through the analysis of instantaneous torque of motor,the condition that torque and rotational speed of the motor without pulsating was obtained,and the law of angle distribution of guide rail curve when the torque ripple was zero was obtained. A motor test bench was built to test and measure the output characteristics of the motor. When the inner motor worked alone,the output torque was low and the rotation speed was high; when the outer motor worked alone,the torque was high and the rotation speed was low; when the inner and outer motors worked together,the maximum torque and minimum rotation speed were output.The motor prototype was processed and tested,and the output characteristics of the motor under three working modes were tested. The results showed that the torque pulsation was related to the sum of velocities of plungers in the oil inlet section. If the sum of the velocities was constant,there was no torque-speed pulsation in theory.
引文
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3杨帆.对称式双外啮合齿轮泵的研究[J].制造技术与机床,2008(9):145-147.YANG Fan.Research on symmetrical double external gear pump[J].Manufacturing Technology&Machine Tool,2008(9):145-147.(in Chinese)
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5钟汉田.内曲线形式对径向柱塞式液压马达输出特性影响研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2011.ZHONG Hantian.Research on the effect of inner curve form on output characteristics of radial piston hydraulic motor[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2011.(in Chinese)
6尹瑞峰,雷秀,刘海柱.单作用叶片泵转子的径向力分析[J].流体传动与控制,2008(1):26-28.YIN Ruifeng,LEI Xiu,LIU Haizhu.Radial force analysis of rotor of single-acting vane pump[J].Fluid Transmission and Control,2008(1):26-28.(in Chinese)
7张立升.球塞式内曲线液压马达失效分析与径向力不平衡问题[D].兰州:兰州理工大学,2011.ZHANG Lisheng.Failure analysis and radial force imbalance problem of ball plunger inner curve hydraulic motor[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University of Technology,2011.(in Chinese)
8王长江.中国应该成为液压的大国与强国[J].液压气动与密封,2009,29(9):1-3.WANG Changjiang.China should become a big power and power in hydraulic states[J].Hydro-Pneumatic and Sealing,2009,29(9):1-3.(in Chinese)
9赵崇碧.内曲线液压马达定子曲线设计与寿命验算[J].流体传动与控制,2017(4):29-32.ZHAO Chongbi.Stator curve design and life check of hydraulic motor with inner curve[J].Fluid Transmission&Control,2017(4):29-32.(in Chinese)
10闻德生,马洪胜,蔡秋雄,等.潜油双定子泵的设计与研究[J].北京理工大学学报,2014,34(11):1110-1113.WEN Desheng,MA Hongsheng,CAI Qiuxiong,et al.Design and research of submersible dual stator pump[J].Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology,2014,34(11):1110-1113.(in Chinese)
11闻德生,甄新帅,陈帆,等.双定子泵节流调速回路的节能研究[J].机床与液压,2017,45(13):1-4.WEN Desheng,ZHEN Xinshuai,CHEN Fan,et al.Research on energy saving of throttle speed regulation circuit of double stator pump[J].Machine Tools&Hydraulics,2017,45(13):1-4.(in Chinese)
12闻德生,刘忠迅,刘巧燕,等.连杆外滚柱型双定子马达及其密封机理研究[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2014,42(5):57-60.WEN Desheng,LIU Zhongxun,LIU Qiaoyan,et al.Research on double-stator motors and their sealing mechanisms of connecting rods[J].Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2014,42(5):57-60.(in Chinese)
13闻德生,杨杰,郑珍泉,等.双定子对称型多泵多速马达理论特性分析[J/OL].农业机械学报,2014,45(7):321-324.http:∥www.j-csam.org/jcsam/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?flag=1&file_no=20140749&journal_id=jcsam.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.07.049.WEN Desheng,YANG Jie,ZHENG Zhenquan,et al.Theoretical analysis of dual stator symmetric multi-pump multi-speed motor[J/OL].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(7):321-324.(in Chinese)
14闻德生,常雪,张少波,等.双定子单作用液压马达转矩脉动研究[J/OL].农业机械学报,2013,44(2):238-242.http:∥www.j-csam.org/jcsam/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?flag=1&file_no=20130243&journal_id=jcsam.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.043.WEN Desheng,CHANG Xue,ZHANG Shaobo,et al.Research on torque ripple of double-stator single-acting hydraulic motor[J/OL].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(2):238-242.(in Chinese)
15 PENG D,LIU F,XIAO J,et al.Optimal design of five-phase permanent mmagnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor for low output torque ripple[J].Large Electric Machine&Hydraulic Turbine,2016,10(5):339-346.
16闻德生,高俊峰,周瑞彬,等.多作用双定子力偶液压马达转矩脉动分析[J/OL].农业机械学报,2014,45(10):319-325.http:∥www.j-csam.org/jcsam/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?flag=1&file_no=20141050&journal_id=jcsam.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.10.050.WEN Desheng,GAO Junfeng,ZHOU Ruibin,et al.Torque ripple analysis of multi-actuated double-stator coupler hydraulic motor[J/OL].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(10):319-325.(in Chinese)
17闻德生,郑珍泉,杨杰,等.力平衡型双定子轴向柱塞马达的转矩脉动分析[J].北京理工大学学报,2014,34(7):676-679.WEN Desheng,ZHENG Zhenquan,YANG Jie,et al.Torque ripple analysis of force balanced double stator axial piston motor[J].Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology,2014,34(7):676-679.(in Chinese)
18高殿荣,王志强,赵一楠.径向低速大转矩水液压马达定子曲线特性分析[J].机械设计,2012(9):33-39,44.GAO Dianrong,WANG Zhiqiang,ZHAO Yi'nan.Analysis of stator curve characteristics of radial low speed and large torque water hydraulic motor[J].Mechanical Design,2012(9):33-39,44.(in Chinese)
19刘晓滨,陈新元,湛从昌,等.满配流系数对内曲线径向柱塞马达扭矩的影响[J].武汉科技大学学报(自然科学版),2017,40(4):290-294.LIU Xiaobin,CHEN Xinyuan,ZHAN Congchang,et al.Effect of full flow coefficient on torque of radial piston motor with inner curve[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2017,40(4):290-294.(in Chinese)
20邱冰静,赵继云.新型自平衡阀配流式低速大扭矩高水基液压马达的研究[J].液压与气动,2017(9):71-76.QIU Bingjing,ZHAO Jiyun.Research on a new type of self-balanced valve with low speed,high torque and high water-based hydraulic motor[J].Hydraulic&Pneumatics,2017(9):71-76.(in Chinese)
2杨尔庄.中国液压气动工业的现状与展望[J].液压气动与密封,2010,30(1):5-9.YANG Erzhuang.Current status and prospects of China's hydraulic pneumatic industry[J].Hydraulic&Pneumatic&Sealing,2010,30(1):5-9.(in Chinese)
3杨帆.对称式双外啮合齿轮泵的研究[J].制造技术与机床,2008(9):145-147.YANG Fan.Research on symmetrical double external gear pump[J].Manufacturing Technology&Machine Tool,2008(9):145-147.(in Chinese)
4黄方平,罗从宗,黄菲,等.低速大扭矩多作用内曲线径向柱塞式液压马达的发展与应用[J].机床与液压,2015,43(4):181-183.HUANG Fangping,LUO Congzong,HUANG Fei,et al.Development and application of low-speed,high-torque multi-acting inline radial piston hydraulic motors[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2015,43(4):181-183.(in Chinese)
5钟汉田.内曲线形式对径向柱塞式液压马达输出特性影响研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2011.ZHONG Hantian.Research on the effect of inner curve form on output characteristics of radial piston hydraulic motor[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2011.(in Chinese)
6尹瑞峰,雷秀,刘海柱.单作用叶片泵转子的径向力分析[J].流体传动与控制,2008(1):26-28.YIN Ruifeng,LEI Xiu,LIU Haizhu.Radial force analysis of rotor of single-acting vane pump[J].Fluid Transmission and Control,2008(1):26-28.(in Chinese)
7张立升.球塞式内曲线液压马达失效分析与径向力不平衡问题[D].兰州:兰州理工大学,2011.ZHANG Lisheng.Failure analysis and radial force imbalance problem of ball plunger inner curve hydraulic motor[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University of Technology,2011.(in Chinese)
8王长江.中国应该成为液压的大国与强国[J].液压气动与密封,2009,29(9):1-3.WANG Changjiang.China should become a big power and power in hydraulic states[J].Hydro-Pneumatic and Sealing,2009,29(9):1-3.(in Chinese)
9赵崇碧.内曲线液压马达定子曲线设计与寿命验算[J].流体传动与控制,2017(4):29-32.ZHAO Chongbi.Stator curve design and life check of hydraulic motor with inner curve[J].Fluid Transmission&Control,2017(4):29-32.(in Chinese)
10闻德生,马洪胜,蔡秋雄,等.潜油双定子泵的设计与研究[J].北京理工大学学报,2014,34(11):1110-1113.WEN Desheng,MA Hongsheng,CAI Qiuxiong,et al.Design and research of submersible dual stator pump[J].Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology,2014,34(11):1110-1113.(in Chinese)
11闻德生,甄新帅,陈帆,等.双定子泵节流调速回路的节能研究[J].机床与液压,2017,45(13):1-4.WEN Desheng,ZHEN Xinshuai,CHEN Fan,et al.Research on energy saving of throttle speed regulation circuit of double stator pump[J].Machine Tools&Hydraulics,2017,45(13):1-4.(in Chinese)
12闻德生,刘忠迅,刘巧燕,等.连杆外滚柱型双定子马达及其密封机理研究[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2014,42(5):57-60.WEN Desheng,LIU Zhongxun,LIU Qiaoyan,et al.Research on double-stator motors and their sealing mechanisms of connecting rods[J].Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2014,42(5):57-60.(in Chinese)
13闻德生,杨杰,郑珍泉,等.双定子对称型多泵多速马达理论特性分析[J/OL].农业机械学报,2014,45(7):321-324.http:∥www.j-csam.org/jcsam/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?flag=1&file_no=20140749&journal_id=jcsam.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.07.049.WEN Desheng,YANG Jie,ZHENG Zhenquan,et al.Theoretical analysis of dual stator symmetric multi-pump multi-speed motor[J/OL].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(7):321-324.(in Chinese)
14闻德生,常雪,张少波,等.双定子单作用液压马达转矩脉动研究[J/OL].农业机械学报,2013,44(2):238-242.http:∥www.j-csam.org/jcsam/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?flag=1&file_no=20130243&journal_id=jcsam.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.043.WEN Desheng,CHANG Xue,ZHANG Shaobo,et al.Research on torque ripple of double-stator single-acting hydraulic motor[J/OL].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(2):238-242.(in Chinese)
15 PENG D,LIU F,XIAO J,et al.Optimal design of five-phase permanent mmagnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor for low output torque ripple[J].Large Electric Machine&Hydraulic Turbine,2016,10(5):339-346.
16闻德生,高俊峰,周瑞彬,等.多作用双定子力偶液压马达转矩脉动分析[J/OL].农业机械学报,2014,45(10):319-325.http:∥www.j-csam.org/jcsam/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?flag=1&file_no=20141050&journal_id=jcsam.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.10.050.WEN Desheng,GAO Junfeng,ZHOU Ruibin,et al.Torque ripple analysis of multi-actuated double-stator coupler hydraulic motor[J/OL].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(10):319-325.(in Chinese)
17闻德生,郑珍泉,杨杰,等.力平衡型双定子轴向柱塞马达的转矩脉动分析[J].北京理工大学学报,2014,34(7):676-679.WEN Desheng,ZHENG Zhenquan,YANG Jie,et al.Torque ripple analysis of force balanced double stator axial piston motor[J].Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology,2014,34(7):676-679.(in Chinese)
18高殿荣,王志强,赵一楠.径向低速大转矩水液压马达定子曲线特性分析[J].机械设计,2012(9):33-39,44.GAO Dianrong,WANG Zhiqiang,ZHAO Yi'nan.Analysis of stator curve characteristics of radial low speed and large torque water hydraulic motor[J].Mechanical Design,2012(9):33-39,44.(in Chinese)
19刘晓滨,陈新元,湛从昌,等.满配流系数对内曲线径向柱塞马达扭矩的影响[J].武汉科技大学学报(自然科学版),2017,40(4):290-294.LIU Xiaobin,CHEN Xinyuan,ZHAN Congchang,et al.Effect of full flow coefficient on torque of radial piston motor with inner curve[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2017,40(4):290-294.(in Chinese)
20邱冰静,赵继云.新型自平衡阀配流式低速大扭矩高水基液压马达的研究[J].液压与气动,2017(9):71-76.QIU Bingjing,ZHAO Jiyun.Research on a new type of self-balanced valve with low speed,high torque and high water-based hydraulic motor[J].Hydraulic&Pneumatics,2017(9):71-76.(in Chinese)