乡村景观空间格局分布特征快速提取仿真研究
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摘要
针对当前方法提取的乡村景观空间格局分布特征无法有效反映乡村景观与自然环境、以及人类活动三者之间的关系,导致乡村景观布局不尽合理。提出一种基于区域特征融合规则的乡村景观空间格局分布特征快速提取方法,以乡村景观空间格局分布的遥感影像作为数据源,计算其二维离散小波分析尺度函数和小波基函数,利用计算结果对遥感影像进行小波分解,获得高频和低频系数,并采用小波方差对获得的高频和低频系数进行尺度识别。基于区域特征的融合规则,在尽量保留乡村景观空间格局分布遥感影像光谱特性的同时,对乡村景观空间格局分布特征的低频系数和高频新系数进行融合提取。仿真实例分析结果表明,研究区域乡村景观类型过于单一,受人类生产生活影响以及地形影响较大,乡村土地利用结构不够合理,空间异质性较差,景观分布不平衡现象严重,景观多样性程度不高等问题,与实际状况相一致,并在此基础上提出了一些可信性建议,有利于更加科学合理地进行乡村景观空间布局。
Spatial pattern distribution of rural landscapes extracted for current methods cannot effectively reflect the relationship between rural landscapes and natural environments and human activities,resulting in unreasonable layout of rural landscapes. This paper proposes a method to quickly extract the spatial distribution characteristics of rural landscape based on regional feature fusion rules. Using the remote sensing image of rural landscape spatial pattern distribution as a data source,the 2 D discrete wavelet analysis scale function and wavelet basis function were calculated,and the calculation results were used. The remote sensing image was decomposed with wavelet to obtain high-frequency and low-frequency coefficients,and the high-frequency and low-frequency coefficients obtained with the wavelet variance were used for scale recognition. Based on the fusion rules of regional features,the spectral characteristics of remote sensing images of rural landscape spatial pattern distribution were preserved. The fusion extraction of low frequency coefficients and high frequency new coefficients of the spatial pattern distribution of rural landscapes was carried out. The results of simulation examples show that the rural landscape types in the study area are too single and affected by human production and life,and the topography also has a great influence. The rural land use structure is not reasonable,the spatial heterogeneity is poor,the landscape distribution is unbalanced,and the landscape diversity is serious. Less advanced issues are consistent with actual conditions,and on this basis,some credible suggestions are proposed,which are conducive to more scientific and rational spatial layout of rural landscapes.
Spatial pattern distribution of rural landscapes extracted for current methods cannot effectively reflect the relationship between rural landscapes and natural environments and human activities,resulting in unreasonable layout of rural landscapes. This paper proposes a method to quickly extract the spatial distribution characteristics of rural landscape based on regional feature fusion rules. Using the remote sensing image of rural landscape spatial pattern distribution as a data source,the 2 D discrete wavelet analysis scale function and wavelet basis function were calculated,and the calculation results were used. The remote sensing image was decomposed with wavelet to obtain high-frequency and low-frequency coefficients,and the high-frequency and low-frequency coefficients obtained with the wavelet variance were used for scale recognition. Based on the fusion rules of regional features,the spectral characteristics of remote sensing images of rural landscape spatial pattern distribution were preserved. The fusion extraction of low frequency coefficients and high frequency new coefficients of the spatial pattern distribution of rural landscapes was carried out. The results of simulation examples show that the rural landscape types in the study area are too single and affected by human production and life,and the topography also has a great influence. The rural land use structure is not reasonable,the spatial heterogeneity is poor,the landscape distribution is unbalanced,and the landscape diversity is serious. Less advanced issues are consistent with actual conditions,and on this basis,some credible suggestions are proposed,which are conducive to more scientific and rational spatial layout of rural landscapes.
引文
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[2] 王琬.城市色彩景观合理布局优化设计仿真研究[J].计算机仿真,2017,34(6):241-244.
[3] 谭志强,等.长江中游大型通江湖泊湿地景观格局演变特征[J].长江流域资源与环境,2017,26(10):1619-1629.
[4] 周林飞,徐浩田,张静.凌河口湿地自然保护区景观格局变化及功能区划分[J].湿地科学,2016,14(3):403-407.
[5] 郭连杰,等.基于Landsat遥感数据的长岛南部岛群景观格局演化研究[J].海洋科学,2017,41(4):75-81.
[6] 梁发超,刘诗苑,刘黎明.基于分形理论的乡村聚落景观空间特征及演变——以厦门市为例[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(8):2640-2648.
[7] 王建英,等.生态约束下的乡村旅游用地空间布局规划研究——以福建省晋江市紫星村为例[J].中国生态农业学报,2016,24(4):544-552.
[8] 李翔,等.泽普县农村居民点空间格局演变及其影响因素[J].中国农业资源与区划,2017,38(4):108-116.
[9] 马恩朴,李同昇,卫倩茹.中国半城市化地区乡村聚落空间格局演化机制探索——以西安市南郊大学城康杜村为例[J].地理科学进展,2016,35(7):816-828.
[10] 曹铭昌,等.江苏盐城自然保护区湿地景观格局空间优化模拟[J].生态与农村环境学报,2016,32(5):743-749.631-635.