轮叶党参花粉母细胞减数分裂及其雄配子体发育
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摘要
以轮叶党参花为材料,通过观察和常规石蜡切片法,对轮叶党参花器内外部形态及小孢子发生和雄配子体形成进行了研究。结果表明:轮叶党参大多花朵柱头为3裂,3子房室,个别发现有2裂、4裂、5裂的柱头,并与子房室数相同。花粉母细胞减数分裂过程正常,在不同花药之间,同一花药不同花粉囊之间,同一囊内不同细胞之间,出现不同步。减数分裂中胞质分裂属于同时型。四分体属于四面体型。花粉粒属于2-细胞型,似圆形,表面有9~10条萌发沟。
Using the flower of Codonopsis lanceolata as material,studies of flower morphology,microsporogenesis and male gametophyte formation with the methods of observation and paraffin slice were conducted.The results showed that most flowers had 3-lobed stigmas and 3-locules ovary,and individual flowers had 2-lobed,4-lobed or 5-lobed stigmas and the same numbers of locules,respectively.Meiosis process of pollen mother cell was normal,but unsynchronized between different anthers,different pollen sacs in the same anther,and different cells between the same pollen sac.Meiotic cytokinesis belonged to simultaneous type and the arrangement of microspore tetrads was tetrahedral.Pollen grain was 2-cell type,around and there were 9~10 germinal furrows in the surface of it.
Using the flower of Codonopsis lanceolata as material,studies of flower morphology,microsporogenesis and male gametophyte formation with the methods of observation and paraffin slice were conducted.The results showed that most flowers had 3-lobed stigmas and 3-locules ovary,and individual flowers had 2-lobed,4-lobed or 5-lobed stigmas and the same numbers of locules,respectively.Meiosis process of pollen mother cell was normal,but unsynchronized between different anthers,different pollen sacs in the same anther,and different cells between the same pollen sac.Meiotic cytokinesis belonged to simultaneous type and the arrangement of microspore tetrads was tetrahedral.Pollen grain was 2-cell type,around and there were 9~10 germinal furrows in the surface of it.
引文
[1]彭金环,于元杰,张美珍.轮叶党参的组织培养及植株再生研究[J].西北植物学报,2010,30(1):184-489.
[2]江苏新医学院.中药大辞典(上册)(第1版)[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1977:195.
[3]耿艳秋,胡国宣,孙伟,等.长白山轮叶党参资源及开发策略[J].吉林农业,2010(11):136-137.
[4]苏义艳,张艳云,邹玉兰.山胡萝卜的栽培及食用[J].农业与技术,2003;23(2):55.
[5]Park S J,Seong D H,Park D S,et al.Chemical Compositions of Fermented Codonopsis lanceolata[J].Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition,2009,38(3):306-400.
[6]韩春姬,韩龙哲.轮叶党参总皂苷抗突变作用的实验研究[J].环境与职业医学,2004,21(5):397-400.
[7]Wang L,Xu M L,Hu J H,et al.Codonopsis lanceolata extract induces G0/G1arrest and apoptosis in human colon tumor HT-29cells-involvement of ROS generation and polyamine depletion[J].Food and Chemical Toxicology,2011;49:149–154.
[8]Lee K W,Jung H J,Park H J,et al.Beta-D-xylopyranosy l-(1-->3)-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl echinocystic acid isolated from the roots of Codonopsis lanceolata induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in human acute promyelocytic leukemia HL-60cells[J].Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin,2005,28:854-859.
[9]刘艳秋,耿业业,孙宏,等.长白山区林下轮叶党参丰产关键栽培技术[J].北方园艺,2016(17):147-149.
[10]姜世全.经济植物轮叶党参栽培技术[J].中国林福特产,2016(2):60-61.
[11]胡春霞,张沙艳,王丽.轮叶党参种子萌发特性的研究[J].辽宁师专学报,2009,11(2):93-94.
[12]蔡春鹏,吴明根,朴仁哲.轮叶党参种子打破休眠的技术[J].延边大学农学学报,2003,25(2):110-113.
[13]唐玉倩,彭金,于元杰.轮叶党参不同外植体愈伤组织诱导比较[J].分子植物育种,2010,8(5):951-957.
[14]李国泰,李敏.轮叶党参染色体核型分析[J].中国林福特产,2005(1):1-2.
[15]李国瑞,黄凤兰,王文跃,等.蓖麻花药愈伤组织诱导条件优化[J].内蒙古民族大学学报(自然科学版),2012,27(6):670-673.
[16]刘鹏,徐志伟,郑根昌,等.辣椒花药培养主要影响因素的研究进展[J].内蒙古民族大学学报(自然科学版),2008,23(5):555-558.
[17]李松.寄生被子植物吸器结构研究进展[J].内蒙古民族大学学报(自然科学版),2013,28(1):41-43.
[18]金彦磊,王秀华,杨永富,等.越桔离体培养的组织学研究[J].黑龙江八一农垦大学学报,2009,21(1):25-29.
[19]秦立金.光照时间对黄瓜叶片结构及光合特性的研究[J].赤峰学院学报(自然科学版)2016,32(8):25-27.
[20]魏跃,赵桂华,杨鹤同,等.羽衣甘蓝花粉母细胞减数分裂及雄配子体发育观察[J].西北植物学报,2011,31(9):1753-1757.
[21]张仲鸣,苏都莫日根,李正理.银杏小孢子中的微核形成及其在进化过程中的意义[J].植物研究,1997,39(2):97-101.
[22]朴雪梅,全雪丽,严一字,等.桔梗小孢子发育时期与花器形态相关性研究[J].江苏农业科学,2008(6):138-140.
[23]张美萍,申家恒.桔梗胚胎学研究[J].吉林农业大学学报,1991,13(4):31-35
[2]江苏新医学院.中药大辞典(上册)(第1版)[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1977:195.
[3]耿艳秋,胡国宣,孙伟,等.长白山轮叶党参资源及开发策略[J].吉林农业,2010(11):136-137.
[4]苏义艳,张艳云,邹玉兰.山胡萝卜的栽培及食用[J].农业与技术,2003;23(2):55.
[5]Park S J,Seong D H,Park D S,et al.Chemical Compositions of Fermented Codonopsis lanceolata[J].Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition,2009,38(3):306-400.
[6]韩春姬,韩龙哲.轮叶党参总皂苷抗突变作用的实验研究[J].环境与职业医学,2004,21(5):397-400.
[7]Wang L,Xu M L,Hu J H,et al.Codonopsis lanceolata extract induces G0/G1arrest and apoptosis in human colon tumor HT-29cells-involvement of ROS generation and polyamine depletion[J].Food and Chemical Toxicology,2011;49:149–154.
[8]Lee K W,Jung H J,Park H J,et al.Beta-D-xylopyranosy l-(1-->3)-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl echinocystic acid isolated from the roots of Codonopsis lanceolata induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in human acute promyelocytic leukemia HL-60cells[J].Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin,2005,28:854-859.
[9]刘艳秋,耿业业,孙宏,等.长白山区林下轮叶党参丰产关键栽培技术[J].北方园艺,2016(17):147-149.
[10]姜世全.经济植物轮叶党参栽培技术[J].中国林福特产,2016(2):60-61.
[11]胡春霞,张沙艳,王丽.轮叶党参种子萌发特性的研究[J].辽宁师专学报,2009,11(2):93-94.
[12]蔡春鹏,吴明根,朴仁哲.轮叶党参种子打破休眠的技术[J].延边大学农学学报,2003,25(2):110-113.
[13]唐玉倩,彭金,于元杰.轮叶党参不同外植体愈伤组织诱导比较[J].分子植物育种,2010,8(5):951-957.
[14]李国泰,李敏.轮叶党参染色体核型分析[J].中国林福特产,2005(1):1-2.
[15]李国瑞,黄凤兰,王文跃,等.蓖麻花药愈伤组织诱导条件优化[J].内蒙古民族大学学报(自然科学版),2012,27(6):670-673.
[16]刘鹏,徐志伟,郑根昌,等.辣椒花药培养主要影响因素的研究进展[J].内蒙古民族大学学报(自然科学版),2008,23(5):555-558.
[17]李松.寄生被子植物吸器结构研究进展[J].内蒙古民族大学学报(自然科学版),2013,28(1):41-43.
[18]金彦磊,王秀华,杨永富,等.越桔离体培养的组织学研究[J].黑龙江八一农垦大学学报,2009,21(1):25-29.
[19]秦立金.光照时间对黄瓜叶片结构及光合特性的研究[J].赤峰学院学报(自然科学版)2016,32(8):25-27.
[20]魏跃,赵桂华,杨鹤同,等.羽衣甘蓝花粉母细胞减数分裂及雄配子体发育观察[J].西北植物学报,2011,31(9):1753-1757.
[21]张仲鸣,苏都莫日根,李正理.银杏小孢子中的微核形成及其在进化过程中的意义[J].植物研究,1997,39(2):97-101.
[22]朴雪梅,全雪丽,严一字,等.桔梗小孢子发育时期与花器形态相关性研究[J].江苏农业科学,2008(6):138-140.
[23]张美萍,申家恒.桔梗胚胎学研究[J].吉林农业大学学报,1991,13(4):31-35