轮胎模态分析试验研究
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摘要
为了优化轮胎模态试验方法,得到精确的轮胎模态参数,开展对比试验研究,经过大量模态试验数据的对比,结合LMS Test Lab,研究模态试验3要素的选用原则,即测点布置、边界约束和激励形式的选取方式。试验结果表明:(1)对轮胎单一胎面进行模态测量,存在模态遗漏现象,且轴向与径向阵型易混淆,因此须进行轮胎3胎面(内胎面、正胎面、外台面)布点测量;(2)胎面整周少于36个测点时,轮胎高阶次花瓣阵型难以清晰呈现,因此须于3个胎面等角度间隔平行布置36×3个测点;(3)轮胎处于整车安装离地状态受激励时,支撑位移量微小,优于软绳约束状态;(4)激振器激励信号相干系数达到1,优于力锤锤击信号,并且使试验进行更加便捷与高效。根据以上结果提出一种新的轮胎模态测试方法,并应用此方法得到准确的轮胎模态参数,研究结果可为轮胎噪声与振动控制提供依据。
In order to optimize the tire modal test method and obtain the precise parameters of the tire modal,comparative test and analysis are performed. Through the mutual comparison of large amount of experimental data of the modal test by adopting LMS Test Lab, the selection principle of measurement point layout, boundary constraint condition and incentive form is studied. The results show that(1) Single surface measurement may easily lead to modal parameters lose and modal shape confusion, therefore, the measurement point layouts in three tire surfaces(the inner, front and outer surfaces) are necessary;(2) The high order modal shape is not clear with less than 36 measurement points around one tire circle only, so each tire surface must be arranged by equally spaced 36 measurement points, and there are totally 36 × 3measurement points;(3) The tire should be installed on the vehicle and free from the ground, the support displacement in this state is very small, this is better than soft rope constraint;(4) The signal coherence coefficient of the exciter reaches 1. It is better than hammering signal and makes the experiment more convenient and efficient. This study presents a new method for tire modal testing, and using this method can obtain the precise parameters. The results provide a fundamental basis for the noise and vibration control of tires.
In order to optimize the tire modal test method and obtain the precise parameters of the tire modal,comparative test and analysis are performed. Through the mutual comparison of large amount of experimental data of the modal test by adopting LMS Test Lab, the selection principle of measurement point layout, boundary constraint condition and incentive form is studied. The results show that(1) Single surface measurement may easily lead to modal parameters lose and modal shape confusion, therefore, the measurement point layouts in three tire surfaces(the inner, front and outer surfaces) are necessary;(2) The high order modal shape is not clear with less than 36 measurement points around one tire circle only, so each tire surface must be arranged by equally spaced 36 measurement points, and there are totally 36 × 3measurement points;(3) The tire should be installed on the vehicle and free from the ground, the support displacement in this state is very small, this is better than soft rope constraint;(4) The signal coherence coefficient of the exciter reaches 1. It is better than hammering signal and makes the experiment more convenient and efficient. This study presents a new method for tire modal testing, and using this method can obtain the precise parameters. The results provide a fundamental basis for the noise and vibration control of tires.
引文
[1]杨一洋.胎面橡胶摩擦机理及复杂工况下轮胎侧偏特性研究[D].吉林:吉林大学,2016.
[2]王杰华,赵义平.子午线轮胎尺寸对振动特性的影响研究[A].中国力学学会.力学与工程应用(第16卷)[C].中国力学学会:河南省力学学会,2016.
[3]危银涛,刘哲,周福强,赵崇雷.考虑面外振动的轮胎三维环模型[J].振动工程学报,2016,29(5):795-803.
[4]王强,赵又群,林棻,等.机械弹性车轮有限元计算与试验模态的相关性研究[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2017,38(01):86-93.
[5]杨建.汽车轮胎振动噪声性能分析方法及低噪声轮胎结构设计研究[D].镇江:江苏大学,2015.
[6]谢永强.轮胎模态分析与应用[D].吉林:吉林大学,2007.
[7]海伦(比利时)等,著.白化同,郭继忠,译.模态分析理论与试验[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,2001.
[2]王杰华,赵义平.子午线轮胎尺寸对振动特性的影响研究[A].中国力学学会.力学与工程应用(第16卷)[C].中国力学学会:河南省力学学会,2016.
[3]危银涛,刘哲,周福强,赵崇雷.考虑面外振动的轮胎三维环模型[J].振动工程学报,2016,29(5):795-803.
[4]王强,赵又群,林棻,等.机械弹性车轮有限元计算与试验模态的相关性研究[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2017,38(01):86-93.
[5]杨建.汽车轮胎振动噪声性能分析方法及低噪声轮胎结构设计研究[D].镇江:江苏大学,2015.
[6]谢永强.轮胎模态分析与应用[D].吉林:吉林大学,2007.
[7]海伦(比利时)等,著.白化同,郭继忠,译.模态分析理论与试验[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,2001.