轮胎花纹工程图尺寸标注自适应处理
|
摘要
针对轮胎花纹工程图尺寸手工标注过程中的操作烦琐且不规范问题,提出了一种自适应处理的尺寸标注方法。该方法在对工程图尺寸标注样式的特点进行分析、拆分得到标注单元的基础上,根据相似匹配的原理获取花纹标注元素,对标注元素与标注单元进行适应性匹配,并利用串行通信机制储存匹配图元的数据结构,实现尺寸可更新的自适应标注。构建与花纹工程图相耦合的位图像素网格模型,利用排样思想及基于灰度图像原理实现尺寸线的自适应布局。为将该方法付诸于应用,以CATIA/CAA为平台开发出一套轮胎花纹工程图尺寸自适应标注系统。实例分析表明,该系统不仅提高了轮胎花纹尺寸标注的效率,而且规范了尺寸标注的样式。
To solve the problems such as the complicated procedures and missing the uniform standards when dimensioning the tire patterns in engineering drawings,an adaptive processing of dimensioning was proposed.The dimensioning units were obtained by analyzing the characteristics of the engineering drawing style.Firstly,the pattern dimensioning elements were obtained based on similarity matching,and then the dimensioning elements were matched with the dimensioning units adaptively.The data structure of the matching sets was stored by using the serial communication mechanism to achieve the renewable dimensions automatically.And then,the model was constructed for creating the grid that forms the bitmap image and was coupled with the pattern engineering drawing.Finally,the adaptive layout of the dimension lines was implemented by the idea of nesting and the principles of gray image.In order to apply this method,an adaptive system for dimensioning tire patterns in engineering drawings was developed based on the CATIA/CAA development platform.The application examples show that the system can improve the efficiency when dimensioning the tire patterns in engineering drawings and offers a standard for the dimensioning style.
To solve the problems such as the complicated procedures and missing the uniform standards when dimensioning the tire patterns in engineering drawings,an adaptive processing of dimensioning was proposed.The dimensioning units were obtained by analyzing the characteristics of the engineering drawing style.Firstly,the pattern dimensioning elements were obtained based on similarity matching,and then the dimensioning elements were matched with the dimensioning units adaptively.The data structure of the matching sets was stored by using the serial communication mechanism to achieve the renewable dimensions automatically.And then,the model was constructed for creating the grid that forms the bitmap image and was coupled with the pattern engineering drawing.Finally,the adaptive layout of the dimension lines was implemented by the idea of nesting and the principles of gray image.In order to apply this method,an adaptive system for dimensioning tire patterns in engineering drawings was developed based on the CATIA/CAA development platform.The application examples show that the system can improve the efficiency when dimensioning the tire patterns in engineering drawings and offers a standard for the dimensioning style.
引文
[1]CHOI J H,CHO J R,WOO J S,et al.Numerical Investigation of Snow Traction Characteristics of 3D Patterned Tire[J].Journal of Terramechanics,2012,49(2):81-93.
[2]杨建,王国林,周海超,等.仿生非光滑花纹沟对轮胎抗滑水性能的影响[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(2):21-25.YANG Jian,WANG Guolin,ZHOU Haichao,et al.Study on Influence of Bionic Non-Smooth Pattern Groove on Tire Anti-hydroplaning Performance[J].Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2015,43(2):21-25.(in Chinese)
[3]周海超,梁晨,杨建,等.提升轮胎抗滑水性能的仿生方法[J].机械工程学报,2015,51(8):125-130,136.ZHOU Haichao,LIANG Chen,YANG Jian,et al.Method for Improving Tire Anti-hydroplaning Performance[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,51(8):125-130 ,136.(in Chinese)
[4]FUJIWAR AS,YUMI IK,SAGUCH I T,et al.Reduction of Tire Groove Noise Using Slot Resonators[J].Tire Science and Technology,2009,37(3):207-223.
[5]ZHENG D.Prediction of Tire Wear with FEM Steady State Rolling Contact Simulation[J].Tire Science and Technology,2003,31(3):189-202.
[6]董玉德,宋忠辉,张荣团,等.面向轮胎3D花纹的语义建模方法[J].中国机械工程,2016,27(19):2614-2623.DONG Yude,SONG Zhonghui,ZHANG Rongtuan,et al.Semantics Modeling for 3D Tread Pattern-oriented[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2016,27(19):2614-2623.(in Chinese)
[7]YUEN M F,TAN S T,YU K M.Scheme for Automatic Dimensioning of CSG Defined Parts[J].Computer-Aided Design,1988,20(3):151-159.
[8]路全胜,冯辛安,张应中.面向尺寸标注的多面体机械零件基本结构分析[J].大连理工大学学报,1995,35(6):844-848.LU Quansheng,FENG Xin’an,ZHANG Yingzhong.Analysis of the Basic Structure of the Dimension Oriented Polyhedron Mechanical Parts[J].Journal of Dalian University of Technology,1995,35(6):844-848.(in Chinese)
[9]DORI D,WEISS M.A Scheme for 3D Object Reconstruction from Dimensioned or Thographic Views Engineering[J].Applications of Artifical Intelligence,1996,9(1):53-64.
[10]陆国栋,黄长林,彭群生.基于分治思想的尺寸自动标注方的研究与实现[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2001,13(6):521-526.LU Guodong,HUANG Changlin,PENG Qunsheng.Research on Automatic Dimensioning Based on Divide and Conque Strategy[J].Journal of Computer-Aided Design&Computer Graphics,2001,13(6):521-526.(in Chinese)
[11]袁波,黄钢,孙家广.一种尺寸自动布局算法[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2000,40(1):61-64.YUAN Bo,HUANG Gang,SUN Jiaguang.An Automatic Layout Algorithm[J].Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology),2000,40(1):61-64.(in Chinese)
[11]张树有,纪杨建,谭建荣,等.非关联尺寸标注干涉的自适应处理[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2001,35(6):676-680.ZHANG Shuyou,JI Yangjian,TAN Jianrong,et al.Adaptive Processing of Non Correlated Dimension Annotation[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2001,35(6):676-680.(in Chinese)
[12]CHEN Kezhang,FENG Xin’an,LU Quansheng.Intelligent Dimensioning of Mechanical Parts Based on Feature Extraction[J].Computer-Aided Design,2001,33(13):949-965.
[13]黄学良,陈钢,陈立平,等.标注自动布局的网格化方法[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2008,20(8):1070-1077.HUANG Xueliang,CHEN Gang,CHEN Liping,et al.A Grid Partitioning Method for Automatic Placement of Dimensions[J].Journal of Computer-Aided Design&Computer Graphics,2008,20(8):1070-1077.(in Chinese)
[14]马晓.轿车子午线轮胎胎面[J].轮胎工业,2012(7):399.MA Xiao.The Passenger Car Radial Tire Tread[J].Tire Industry,2012(7):399.(in Chinese)
[15]蒋兴波,吕肖庆,刘成城.求解矩形件优化排样的自适应模拟退火遗传算法[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2008,20(11):1425-1431.JIANG Xingbo,LYU Xiaoqing,LIU Chengcheng.Optimal Paeking of Rectangles with an Adaptive Simulated Annealing Genetic Algorithm[J].Journal of ComputerAided Design&Computer Graphics,2008,20(11):1425-1431.(in Chinese)
[2]杨建,王国林,周海超,等.仿生非光滑花纹沟对轮胎抗滑水性能的影响[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(2):21-25.YANG Jian,WANG Guolin,ZHOU Haichao,et al.Study on Influence of Bionic Non-Smooth Pattern Groove on Tire Anti-hydroplaning Performance[J].Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2015,43(2):21-25.(in Chinese)
[3]周海超,梁晨,杨建,等.提升轮胎抗滑水性能的仿生方法[J].机械工程学报,2015,51(8):125-130,136.ZHOU Haichao,LIANG Chen,YANG Jian,et al.Method for Improving Tire Anti-hydroplaning Performance[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,51(8):125-130 ,136.(in Chinese)
[4]FUJIWAR AS,YUMI IK,SAGUCH I T,et al.Reduction of Tire Groove Noise Using Slot Resonators[J].Tire Science and Technology,2009,37(3):207-223.
[5]ZHENG D.Prediction of Tire Wear with FEM Steady State Rolling Contact Simulation[J].Tire Science and Technology,2003,31(3):189-202.
[6]董玉德,宋忠辉,张荣团,等.面向轮胎3D花纹的语义建模方法[J].中国机械工程,2016,27(19):2614-2623.DONG Yude,SONG Zhonghui,ZHANG Rongtuan,et al.Semantics Modeling for 3D Tread Pattern-oriented[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2016,27(19):2614-2623.(in Chinese)
[7]YUEN M F,TAN S T,YU K M.Scheme for Automatic Dimensioning of CSG Defined Parts[J].Computer-Aided Design,1988,20(3):151-159.
[8]路全胜,冯辛安,张应中.面向尺寸标注的多面体机械零件基本结构分析[J].大连理工大学学报,1995,35(6):844-848.LU Quansheng,FENG Xin’an,ZHANG Yingzhong.Analysis of the Basic Structure of the Dimension Oriented Polyhedron Mechanical Parts[J].Journal of Dalian University of Technology,1995,35(6):844-848.(in Chinese)
[9]DORI D,WEISS M.A Scheme for 3D Object Reconstruction from Dimensioned or Thographic Views Engineering[J].Applications of Artifical Intelligence,1996,9(1):53-64.
[10]陆国栋,黄长林,彭群生.基于分治思想的尺寸自动标注方的研究与实现[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2001,13(6):521-526.LU Guodong,HUANG Changlin,PENG Qunsheng.Research on Automatic Dimensioning Based on Divide and Conque Strategy[J].Journal of Computer-Aided Design&Computer Graphics,2001,13(6):521-526.(in Chinese)
[11]袁波,黄钢,孙家广.一种尺寸自动布局算法[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2000,40(1):61-64.YUAN Bo,HUANG Gang,SUN Jiaguang.An Automatic Layout Algorithm[J].Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology),2000,40(1):61-64.(in Chinese)
[11]张树有,纪杨建,谭建荣,等.非关联尺寸标注干涉的自适应处理[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2001,35(6):676-680.ZHANG Shuyou,JI Yangjian,TAN Jianrong,et al.Adaptive Processing of Non Correlated Dimension Annotation[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2001,35(6):676-680.(in Chinese)
[12]CHEN Kezhang,FENG Xin’an,LU Quansheng.Intelligent Dimensioning of Mechanical Parts Based on Feature Extraction[J].Computer-Aided Design,2001,33(13):949-965.
[13]黄学良,陈钢,陈立平,等.标注自动布局的网格化方法[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2008,20(8):1070-1077.HUANG Xueliang,CHEN Gang,CHEN Liping,et al.A Grid Partitioning Method for Automatic Placement of Dimensions[J].Journal of Computer-Aided Design&Computer Graphics,2008,20(8):1070-1077.(in Chinese)
[14]马晓.轿车子午线轮胎胎面[J].轮胎工业,2012(7):399.MA Xiao.The Passenger Car Radial Tire Tread[J].Tire Industry,2012(7):399.(in Chinese)
[15]蒋兴波,吕肖庆,刘成城.求解矩形件优化排样的自适应模拟退火遗传算法[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2008,20(11):1425-1431.JIANG Xingbo,LYU Xiaoqing,LIU Chengcheng.Optimal Paeking of Rectangles with an Adaptive Simulated Annealing Genetic Algorithm[J].Journal of ComputerAided Design&Computer Graphics,2008,20(11):1425-1431.(in Chinese)