轮轨振动行为下高速轮轨滚动接触瞬态特性分析
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摘要
以CRH2型高速列车头车为研究对象,在轮轨滚动振动接触简化模型的基础上,采用多体动力学软件UM建立高速列车多体动力学数值模型,求解轮轨振动行为下的接触参数并作为有限元分析的输入;采用有限元方法建立高速轮轨滚动接触瞬态有限元模型,对轮轨振动行为下的高速轮轨滚动接触瞬态特性进行分析。结果表明:轮轨的垂向振动明显,轮轨垂向力呈周期性变化,且周期约为0.1s,振动频率约为10 Hz,轮轨垂向力最大为115 751.8N、最小为688.4N,分别为轮轨静载荷的1.938倍和0.012倍;轮对横移的振动频率约为1.05Hz,振幅为5.26mm;轮对横移量在0.5s时最大,为0.2s时的7.17倍,但纵、横向蠕滑力在0.2s时的大于0.5s时的;不同时刻轮轨间纵、横向蠕滑力的均值分别为13 542.11和1 239.07N;在一定范围内,纵、横向蠕滑力与轮轨垂向力、轮对冲角以及接触斑面积呈正相关。
Taking the head car of CRH2 high speed train as the research object,on the basis of the simplified model of wheel-rail rolling contact vibration,the multi-body dynamics software UM was used to establish the multi-body dynamics numerical model of high-speed train.The contact parameters of wheelrail vibration behavior were calculated and used as the inputs of finite element analysis.The finite element method was used to establish the transient finite element model of high speed wheel-rail rolling contact to analyze the transient characteristics of rolling contact under wheel-rail vibration.Results show that the vertical vibration of wheel and rail is obvious,and the wheel-rail vertical force varies periodically and the period is about 0.1s.The vibration frequency is about 10 Hz,the maximum wheel-rail vertical force is 115751.8N and the minimum is 688.4N,which is 1.938 times and 0.012 times of the wheel-rail static load respectively.The vibration frequency of wheelset lateral displacement is about 1.05 Hz and the amplitude is 5.26 mm.The lateral displacement of wheelset is the maximum at the moment of 0.5swhich is 7.17 times of that at the moment of 0.2s,but the longitudinal and transverse creep forces at the moment of 0.2s are greater than those at the moment of 0.5s.The mean values of wheel-rail longitudinal and transverse creep forces at different time are 13 542.11 and 1 239.07 N respectively.In a certain range,the longitudinal and transverse creep forces are positively related to the vertical force,wheelset attack angle and contact patch of wheel and rail.
Taking the head car of CRH2 high speed train as the research object,on the basis of the simplified model of wheel-rail rolling contact vibration,the multi-body dynamics software UM was used to establish the multi-body dynamics numerical model of high-speed train.The contact parameters of wheelrail vibration behavior were calculated and used as the inputs of finite element analysis.The finite element method was used to establish the transient finite element model of high speed wheel-rail rolling contact to analyze the transient characteristics of rolling contact under wheel-rail vibration.Results show that the vertical vibration of wheel and rail is obvious,and the wheel-rail vertical force varies periodically and the period is about 0.1s.The vibration frequency is about 10 Hz,the maximum wheel-rail vertical force is 115751.8N and the minimum is 688.4N,which is 1.938 times and 0.012 times of the wheel-rail static load respectively.The vibration frequency of wheelset lateral displacement is about 1.05 Hz and the amplitude is 5.26 mm.The lateral displacement of wheelset is the maximum at the moment of 0.5swhich is 7.17 times of that at the moment of 0.2s,but the longitudinal and transverse creep forces at the moment of 0.2s are greater than those at the moment of 0.5s.The mean values of wheel-rail longitudinal and transverse creep forces at different time are 13 542.11 and 1 239.07 N respectively.In a certain range,the longitudinal and transverse creep forces are positively related to the vertical force,wheelset attack angle and contact patch of wheel and rail.
引文
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[15]刘辉龙,王新华,谢小鹏,等.基于轮轨摩擦试验装置的摩擦因数测量方法[J].润滑与密封,2016,41(12):107-111.(LIU Huilong,WANG Xinhua,XIE Xiaopeng,et al.A Measuring Method of Friction Coefficient Based on WheelRail Friction Testing Device[J].Lubrication Engineering,2016,41(12):107-111.in Chinese)
[2]肖乾,徐红霞,黄碧坤,等.轮对横移对高速轮轨稳态滚动接触蠕滑力和蠕滑率的影响[J].中国铁道科学,2014,35(4):88-93.(XIAO Qian,XU Hongxia,HUANG Bikun,et al.Effects of the Lateral Displacement of Wheelset on the Creep Force and Creepage of High-Speed Wheel-Rail Steady-State Rolling Contact[J].China Railway Science,2014,35(4):88-93.in Chinese)
[3]肖乾,徐红霞,成棣,等.不同轮轨冲角下高速轮轨稳态滚动接触的蠕滑特性[J].中国铁道科学,2014,35(1):60-66.(XIAO Qian,XU Hongxia,CHENG Di,et al.Creep Characteristics of High-Speed Wheel-Rail Steady-State Rolling Contad under Different Attack Angles[J].China Railway Science,2014,35(1):60-66.in Chinese)
[4]王彩芸,王文健,郭俊,等.横移量、摇头角对轮轨滚动接触行为的影响研究[J].机械设计与制造,2012(12):31-33.(WANG Caiyun,WANG Wenjian,GUO Jun,et al.Effects of Transverse and Yaw Angle on Rolling Contact of Wheel/Rail[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2012(12):31-33.in Chinese)
[5]KNOTHE K,GROSS-Thebing A.Derivation of Frequency Dependent Creep Coefficients Based on an Elastic HalfSpace Model[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,1986,15(3):133-153.
[6]GROSS-Thebing A.Frequency-Dependent Creep Coefficients for Three-Dimensional Rolling Contact Problems[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,1989,18(6):359-374.
[7]常崇义,王成国.基于ALE有限元的轮轨稳态滚动接触分析[J].中国铁道科学,2009,30(2):87-93.(CHANG Chongyi,WANG Chengguo.Wheel-Rail Steady State Rolling Contact Analysis Based on ALE Finite Element Method[J].China Railway Science,2009,30(2):87-93.in Chinese)
[8]孙琼.轮轨接触振动及其对轮轨黏着的影响[J].铁道机车车辆,2002(增1):166-172.(SUN Qiong.Wheel Rail Contact Vibration and Its Effect on Wheel Rail Adhesion[J].Railway Locomotive and Rolling Stock,2002(Supplement 1):166-172.in Chinese)
[9]HERTZ H R.ber Die Berührung Fester Elastischer K9rper[J].Journal Für Die Reine und Angewandte Mathematik,2006,92:156-171.
[10]GREENWOOD J A.Analysis of Elliptical Hertzian Contacts[J].Tribology International,1997,30(3):235-237.
[11]黄照伟.车轮磨耗及其对车辆动力学性能的影响[D].成都:西南交通大学,2012.(HUANG Zhaowei.Wheel Tread Wear and Its Influence on Dynamic Performance of Vehicles[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2012.in Chinese)
[12]李国顺,金炜,范荣巍.基于图像识别的轮轨冲角测量系统研究[J].中国铁道科学,2005,26(5):82-85.(LI Guoshun,JIN Wei,FAN Rongwei.Research on the Measurement System of the Attack Angle between Wheel and Rail Based on Image Identification[J].China Railway Science,2005,26(5):82-85.in Chinese)
[13]张海洋.激光测距仪测试道岔区轮对横移的应用研究[J].路基工程,2010(1):153-155.(ZHANG Haiyang.Study on Application of Laser Distance Measuring Instrument to Testing Wheel Pair Lateral Movement in Turnout Zone[J].Subgrade Engineering,2010(1):153-155.in Chinese)
[14]彭波,姚远,向阳,等.机车车辆半车滚振试验的动力学仿真分析[J].电力机车与城轨车辆,2014,37(2):26-29,32.(PENG Bo,YAO Yuan,XIANG Yang,et al.Dynamic Simulation of Rolling and Vibration Test for Half Vehicle on Rolling Stock[J].Electric Locomotives&Mass Transit Vehicles,2014,37(2):26-29,32.in Chinese)
[15]刘辉龙,王新华,谢小鹏,等.基于轮轨摩擦试验装置的摩擦因数测量方法[J].润滑与密封,2016,41(12):107-111.(LIU Huilong,WANG Xinhua,XIE Xiaopeng,et al.A Measuring Method of Friction Coefficient Based on WheelRail Friction Testing Device[J].Lubrication Engineering,2016,41(12):107-111.in Chinese)