复杂运营条件下重载货车车轮磨耗发展的数值预测
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摘要
建立了复杂运营条件下重载货车车轮磨耗发展的数值预测模型,并编制了计算程序.基于Archard材料磨损理论,在车辆-轨道耦合动力学和轮轨滚动接触分析基础上进行磨耗分布计算;通过多工况仿真并引入权重因子来实现对实际复杂运营条件的模拟;采用自适应步长算法进行车轮型面更新,可有效改善数值模型稳定性和可靠性.基于所建模型对大秦铁路实际运营条件下货车车轮的磨耗发展过程进行预测分析,结果表明:随运行里程增加各车轮磨耗均不断增大,但磨耗发展呈逐渐减缓趋势.各车轮磨耗主要分布在名义滚动圆两侧走行区域,起导向作用的车轮磨耗分布范围更宽.各车轮在靠近轮缘侧的磨耗发展均更快,导向轮对车轮这一特征更为明显.计算结果验证了模型的合理性.
A numerical prediction model was established for wheel wear development of heavy-haul vehicle under complex operating conditions, and the corresponding calculating program was written.According to Archard's material wear theory,the wear distributions were calculated based on the vehicle-track dynamics simulation and wheel-rail rolling contact analysis.Simulations were made respectively for every possible case and weight factors were introduced,in order to model the complex operating conditions.An adaptive step algorithm was adopted to update the wheel profile,which could improve the stability and reliability of numerical model.The wheel wear developing processes of heavy haul vehicle of Da-Qin railway under actual operating conditions were predicted based on the established model.The results show that the wear grows continuously with running distance increasing for every wheel,but the wear development shows a slowdown trend.The wear is mainly distributed in the contact area near nominal rolling circle,and the distribution range is wider for guiding wheel.The wear develops faster near the flange,which is more obvious for guiding wheel.The calculated results verified the rationality of the established model.
A numerical prediction model was established for wheel wear development of heavy-haul vehicle under complex operating conditions, and the corresponding calculating program was written.According to Archard's material wear theory,the wear distributions were calculated based on the vehicle-track dynamics simulation and wheel-rail rolling contact analysis.Simulations were made respectively for every possible case and weight factors were introduced,in order to model the complex operating conditions.An adaptive step algorithm was adopted to update the wheel profile,which could improve the stability and reliability of numerical model.The wheel wear developing processes of heavy haul vehicle of Da-Qin railway under actual operating conditions were predicted based on the established model.The results show that the wear grows continuously with running distance increasing for every wheel,but the wear development shows a slowdown trend.The wear is mainly distributed in the contact area near nominal rolling circle,and the distribution range is wider for guiding wheel.The wear develops faster near the flange,which is more obvious for guiding wheel.The calculated results verified the rationality of the established model.
引文
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[2]JENDEL T.Prediction of wheel profile wear-comparisons with field measurements[J].Wear,2002,253(1/2):89.
[3]BRAGHIN F,LEWIS R,DWYER J R S,et al.Amathematical model to predict railway wheel profile evolution due to wear[J].Wear,2006,261(11/12):1253.
[4]ENBLOM R.On Simulation of Uniform Wear and Profile Evolution in the Wheel-Rail Contact[D].Stockholm:Royal Institute of Technology,2006.
[5]De ARIZON J,VERLINDEN O,DEHOMBREUX P.Prediction of wheel wear in urban railway transport:comparison of existing models[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2007,45(9):849.
[6]LI Xia,JIN Xuesong,WEN Zefeng,et al.A new integrated model to predict wheel profile evolution due to wear[J].Wear,2011,271(1/2):227.
[7]INNOCENTI A,MARINI L,MELI E,et al.Prediction of wheel and rail profile wear on complex railway networks[J].International Journal of Rail Transportation,2014,2(2):111.
[8]GAVRILA G,CRETU S,BENCHEA M.Wear prediction in wheel-rail contact under partial slip conditions[J].Applied Mechanics&Materials,2014,658:317.
[9]CREMONA M A,LIU B,HU Y,et al.Predicting railway wheel wear under uncertainty of wear coefficient,using universal kriging[J].Reliability Engineering&System Safety,2016,154:49.
[10]李亨利,李芾,王新锐,等.重载货车车轮磨耗与动力学性能演变[J].交通运输工程学报,2016,16(5):49.LI Hengli,LI Fu,WANG Xinrui,et al.Evolution of wheel wear and dynamics performance of heavy haul freight car[J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2016,16(5):49.
[11]APEZETXEA I S,PEREZ X,CASANUEVA C,et al.New methodology for fast prediction of wheel wear evolution[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2017,55(7):1071.
[12]孙宇,翟婉明.钢轨磨耗演变预测模型研究[J].铁道学报,2017,39(8):1.SUN Yu,ZHAI Wanming.A prediction model for rail wear evolution[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2017,39(8):1.
[13]HERTZ H.ber die berührung fester elastische K9rper[J].Journal Für die Reine und Angewandte Mathematik,1882,92:156.
[14]KALKER J J.A fast algorithm for the simplified theory of rolling contact[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,1982,11(1):1.
[15]高亮,尹辉,肖宏,等.铁路有砟轨道枕下道床支撑刚度测试设备[P].中国:ZL200910078471.3,2011.GAO Liang,YIN Hui,XIAO Hong,et al.A device for testing the ballast stiffness of ballast track[P].China:ZL200910078471.3,2011.
[16]高亮,尹辉,蔡小培,等.铁路有砟轨道道床横向阻力测试设备[P].中国:ZL200920105871.4,2009.GAO Liang,YIN Hui,CAI Xiaopei,et al.A device for testing the lateral resistance of ballast bed[P].China:ZL200920105871.4,2009.
[17]北京交通大学.神朔重载铁路区间无缝线路养护维修技术研究[R].北京:北京交通大学,2015.Beijing Jiaotong University.Study on the maintenance technology for continuous welded rail of Shenshuo heavy haul railway[R].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2015.
[18]ARCHARD J F.Contact and rubbing of flat surfaces[J].Journal of Applied Physics,1953(24):981.
[19]丁勇,王新锐,曲金娟.铁路货车车轮伤损及踏面磨耗规律的研究[J].铁道机车车辆,2011,31(6):32.DING Yong,WANG Xinrui,QU Jinjuan.Research of railway wagon wheel injury and tread wear law[J].Railway Locomotive&Car,2011,31(6):32.
[20]邹德顺,程振海,姜瑞金,等.铁路货车车轮磨耗演变及其运行性能分析[J].铁道车辆,2017,55(10):6.ZOU Shunde,CHENG Zhenhai,JIANG Ruijin,et al.Analysis of wheel wear evolution and operating performance of railway wagon[J].Railway Vehicles,2017,55(10):6.