考虑认知行为差异的乘员信息作业绩效研究
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摘要
认知行为差异逐渐成为乘员信息作业绩效的主要影响因素,为提高乘员的信息作业绩效,开展了考虑认知行为差异的装甲车辆乘员信息作业绩效研究。基于任务-网络建模技术,构建了融合通道维度的乘员信息作业认知行为模型,以及乘员信息作业绩效预测模型。针对不同认知能力水平,进行了乘员信息作业绩效对比实验;通过对绩效数据的统计分析,得到了乘员认知能力与作业绩效之间的相关关系和影响规律。结果表明:乘员信息作业绩效预测结果与实验数据具有较好的一致性;乘员认知能力与信息作业绩效呈显著的正相关关系,乘员认知行为差异对信息作业绩效具有显著影响。建议装甲车辆乘员选拔应结合认知能力测评,并进行针对性训练和任务分工,可以提高乘员作业绩效,节约训练资源。
The difference of cognitive behavior has gradually become the main influencing factor of crew's information operation performance. To improve crew's information operation performance,the information operation performance of armored vehicle crew is studied with the difference of cognitive behavior. A cognitive behavior model of crew's information operation with channel dimension integrated is built based on task-network modeling technology. A predictive model of crew's information operation performance is built. The contrast experiment of crew's information operation performance is conducted for different levels of cognitive ability. The correlation and influence between crew's cognitive ability and information operation performance are obtained through the statistical analysis of performance data. The results show that the predicted data is in good agreement with the experimental data. Crew's cognitive ability has a significant positive correlation with operation performance. Cognitive behavior difference has a significant effect on information operation performance. The selection of armored vehicle crew is suggested to be combined with cognitive ability evaluation,as well as training and task assignment can be conducted accordingly,which helps to improve crew's operation performance and save training resource.
The difference of cognitive behavior has gradually become the main influencing factor of crew's information operation performance. To improve crew's information operation performance,the information operation performance of armored vehicle crew is studied with the difference of cognitive behavior. A cognitive behavior model of crew's information operation with channel dimension integrated is built based on task-network modeling technology. A predictive model of crew's information operation performance is built. The contrast experiment of crew's information operation performance is conducted for different levels of cognitive ability. The correlation and influence between crew's cognitive ability and information operation performance are obtained through the statistical analysis of performance data. The results show that the predicted data is in good agreement with the experimental data. Crew's cognitive ability has a significant positive correlation with operation performance. Cognitive behavior difference has a significant effect on information operation performance. The selection of armored vehicle crew is suggested to be combined with cognitive ability evaluation,as well as training and task assignment can be conducted accordingly,which helps to improve crew's operation performance and save training resource.
引文
[1]刘维平,聂俊峰,金毅,等.基于任务-网络模型的装甲车辆乘员脑力负荷评价方法研究[J].兵工学报,2015,36(9):1805-1810.LIU W P,NIE J F,JIN Y,et al. Study on the task division of double-crew armored vehicle based on task-network model[J].Acta Armamentarii,2015,36(9):1805-1810.(in Chinese)
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[15]王洁,方卫宁,李广燕.基于多资源理论的脑力负荷评价方法[J].北京交通大学学报,2010,34(6):107-110.WANG J,FANG W N,LI G Y. Mental workload evaluation method based on multi-resource theory model[J]. Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University,2010,34(6):107-110.(in Chinese)
[16]徐荣龙,刘正捷,张宁.手持设备三维菜单绩效评估[J].计算机工程与应用,2010,46(22):20-22.XU R L,LIU Z J,ZHANG N. Evaluation of 3D menu performance on mobile phone[J]. Computer Engineering and Applications,2010,46(22):20-22.(in Chinese)
[17]聂俊峰,刘维平,傅斌贺,等.面向装甲车辆乘员信息处理的信息作业时间预测模型研究[J].兵工学报,2017,38(2):233-239.NIE J F,LIU W P,FU B H,et al. Predictive operation time model for information processing task of crew in armored vehicle[J]. Acta Armamentarii,2017,38(2):233-239.(in Chinese)
[2]薛红军,庞俊峰,栾义春,等.驾驶舱飞行员认知行为一体化仿真建模[J].计算机工程与应用,2013,49(23):266-270.XUE H J,PANG J F,LUAN Y C,et al. Cockpit pilot cognitive behavioral integration simulation modeling[J]. Computer Engineering and Applications,2013,49(23):266-270.(in Chinese)
[3]陈为,李世其,付艳,等.精细追踪类监控作业行为认知建模研究[J].工业工程,2013,16(6):1-7.CHEN W,LI S Q,FU Y,et al. A research on cognitive modeling for precise tracking and monitoring task behavior[J]. Industrial Engineering Journal,2013,16(6):1-7.(in Chinese)
[4]张绍尧,陈善广,王春慧,等.基于ACT-R认知结构的人控交会对接任务认知集成模型[J].航天医学与医学工程,2015,28(2):109-116.ZHANG S Y,CHEN S G,WANG C H,et al. An integrated cognitive model of manual rendezvous and docking task based on ACTR cognitive architecture[J]. Space Medicine&Medical Engineering,2015,28(2):109-116.(in Chinese)
[5] BYRNE M. ACT-R/PM and menu selection:applying a cognitive architecture to HCI[J]. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies,2001,55(1):41-84.
[6] NAN C,SANSAVINI G. Developing an agent-based hierarchical modeling approach to assess human performance of infrastructure systems[J]. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics,2016,53:340-354.
[7] CAO S,LIU Y. Integrating queueing network and ACT-R cognitive architectures[C]∥Proceedings of the 55th Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting. Las Vegas,CA,US:SAGE Publications,2011:836-840.
[8]张国辉,徐文超,张文阁,等.基于双层Soar框架的数字化士兵行为建模方法[J].装甲兵工程学院学报,2014,28(6):87-91.ZHANG G H,XU W C,ZHANG W G,et al. Behavior modeling method of digitized soldiers based on double-layers soar architecture[J]. Journal of Academy of Armored Force Engineering,2014,28(6):87-91.(in Chinese)
[9] SALVUCCI D D. Modeling driver behavior in a cognitive architecture[J]. Human Factors,2006,48(2):362-380.
[10] WU C X. The five key questions of human performance modeling[J]. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics,2018,63:3-6.
[11] WICKENS C D,HOLLANDS J G. Engineering psychology and human performance[M]. Englewood Cliffs,NJ,US:Prentice Hall,2003:545-550.
[12]刘维平,聂俊峰,刘西侠.基于多资源理论的乘员信息处理作业认知行为建模研究[J].兵工学报,2017,38(6):1215-1222.LIU W P,NIE J F,LIU X X. Cognitive modeling for crew's information processing based on multi-resource theory[J]. Acta Armamentarii,2017,38(6):1215-1222.(in Chinese)
[13] WICKENS C D. Multiple resources and mental workload[J].The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society,2008,50(3):449-455.
[14]程昊翔,王坚.基于快速聚类分析的支持向量数据描述算法[J].控制与决策,2016,31(3):551-554.CHENG H X,WANG J. Support vector data description based on fast clustering analysis[J]. Control and Design,2016,31(3):551-554.(in Chinese)
[15]王洁,方卫宁,李广燕.基于多资源理论的脑力负荷评价方法[J].北京交通大学学报,2010,34(6):107-110.WANG J,FANG W N,LI G Y. Mental workload evaluation method based on multi-resource theory model[J]. Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University,2010,34(6):107-110.(in Chinese)
[16]徐荣龙,刘正捷,张宁.手持设备三维菜单绩效评估[J].计算机工程与应用,2010,46(22):20-22.XU R L,LIU Z J,ZHANG N. Evaluation of 3D menu performance on mobile phone[J]. Computer Engineering and Applications,2010,46(22):20-22.(in Chinese)
[17]聂俊峰,刘维平,傅斌贺,等.面向装甲车辆乘员信息处理的信息作业时间预测模型研究[J].兵工学报,2017,38(2):233-239.NIE J F,LIU W P,FU B H,et al. Predictive operation time model for information processing task of crew in armored vehicle[J]. Acta Armamentarii,2017,38(2):233-239.(in Chinese)