高速脂润滑圆锥滚子轴承保持架动态稳定性分析
|
摘要
考虑脂润滑弹流润滑效应和挤压膜润滑效应,分析了保持架与轴承组件的多体接触作用关系,建立了计及润滑油膜等效刚度和等效阻尼的圆锥滚子轴承保持架全动力学模型。运用四阶Runge-Kutta方法计算分析了速度、载荷、预紧量等对保持架动态稳定性的影响规律,并对比分析了尼龙、钢和铜保持架的动态稳定性。分析结果表明:在平稳阶段,保持架与引导套圈接触力要远高于兜孔接触力,且保持架打滑率要低于滚动体打滑率;保持架和滚动体打滑率随轴承转速升高而增加,随载荷或预紧量的增加而减小;滚动体与兜孔间隙越小保持架动态稳定性越好,且兜孔接触力也越小;引导面间隙越小保持架与引导面的接触力越小,但保持架稳定性变差;在轴承转速分析范围内,尼龙和铜保持架的动态稳定性均随转速的提升而增加,在高速时钢保持架的稳定性要次于尼龙和铜保持架。
The multi-body contact between the cage and bearing parts was analyzed based on the theory of grease elastohydrodynamic lubrication and squeeze film lubrication. The dynamic model of a tapered roller bearing cage was established, considering the equivalent stiffness and damping of lubricant film. The fourth order Runge-Kutta method was used to calculate and analyse the influences of speed, load and preload on the cage dynamic characteristics, and then the dynamic stability of nylon, steel and copper cages was compared and analyzed. The results show that the contact force between the cage and guide ring is much greater than the pocket contact force, and the sliding rate of the cage is lower than that of the roller even in running state. The sliding rate of cage and roller increases with the speed increasing, and decreases with the increase in load or preload. The smaller the pocket clearance, the better the dynamic stability of the cage, and the smaller the pocket contact force. The smaller the guiding surface clearance, the worse the dynamic stability of the cage, but the contact force between the cage and guiding surface is reduced. In the analysis range of bearing rotational speed, the dynamic stability of the nylon cage and copper cage increases with the increase in bearing rotational speed, and the stability of the steel cage is more inferior than that of the nylon cage and copper cage at high speed.
The multi-body contact between the cage and bearing parts was analyzed based on the theory of grease elastohydrodynamic lubrication and squeeze film lubrication. The dynamic model of a tapered roller bearing cage was established, considering the equivalent stiffness and damping of lubricant film. The fourth order Runge-Kutta method was used to calculate and analyse the influences of speed, load and preload on the cage dynamic characteristics, and then the dynamic stability of nylon, steel and copper cages was compared and analyzed. The results show that the contact force between the cage and guide ring is much greater than the pocket contact force, and the sliding rate of the cage is lower than that of the roller even in running state. The sliding rate of cage and roller increases with the speed increasing, and decreases with the increase in load or preload. The smaller the pocket clearance, the better the dynamic stability of the cage, and the smaller the pocket contact force. The smaller the guiding surface clearance, the worse the dynamic stability of the cage, but the contact force between the cage and guiding surface is reduced. In the analysis range of bearing rotational speed, the dynamic stability of the nylon cage and copper cage increases with the increase in bearing rotational speed, and the stability of the steel cage is more inferior than that of the nylon cage and copper cage at high speed.
引文
[ 1 ] LUGT P M.Grease lubrication in rolling bearings[M].Hoboken:Wiley,2013.
[ 2 ] WALTERS C T.The dynamics of ball bearings[J].Trans ASME,Journal of Lubrication,1971,93 (1):1-10.
[ 3 ] GUPTA P K.On the dynamics of a tapered roller bearing[J].Journal of Tribology,1989,111 (2) :278-287.
[ 4 ] CREJU S,BERCEA I,MITU N.A dynamic analysis of tapered roller bearing under fully flooded conditions part 1:theoretical formulation[J].Wear,1995,188(1/2) :1-10
[ 5 ] 胡广存,魏铁建,邓四二,等.双列圆锥滚子轴承动力学分析[J].河南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2014,35(6):14-19.HU Guangcun,WEI Tiejian,DENG Sier,et al.Dynamic analysis of double row tapered roller bearings[J].Journal of Henan University of Science & Technology(Natural Science),2014,35(6):14-19.
[ 6 ] 郝烨江,李强,郑静.基于ABAQUS的列车轴箱轴承动力学分析[J].轴承,2014 (3):10-15.HAO Yejiang,LI Qiang,ZHENG Jing.Dynamics analysis of train axle box bearings based on ABAQUS[J].Bearing,2014 (3):10-15.
[ 7 ] 盖利森,张卫华.高速列车轴箱轴承动力学分析[J].哈尔滨轴承,2016,37 (1) :3-7.GAI Lisen,ZHANG Weihua.Dynamic analysis of axle box bearing of high-speed train[J].Journal of Harbin Bearing,2016,37 (1):3-7.
[ 8 ] 刘秀海.高速滚动轴承动力学分析模型与保持架动态性能研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2011.
[ 9 ] 姚延强,迟毅林,王利华,等.球轴承柔性多体动力学分析与接触振动研究[J].振动与冲击,2009,28(10):158-162.YAO Yanqiang,CHI Yilin,WANG Lihua,et al.Contact vibration and flexible-multibody dynamic analysis of a ball bearing[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2009,28(10):158-162.
[10] 李想,韩礼艳,朱永生,等.基于非线性动力学的圆锥滚子轴承故障建模与分析[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(增刊1):128-131.LI Xiang,HAN Liyan,ZHU Yongsheng,et al.Fault diagnosis based on nonlinear dynamic modeling in tapered roller bearing[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2014,33(Sup1):128- 131.
[11] SASAKI T,MORI H,OKINO N.Theory of grease lubrication of cylindrical roller bearing[J].Bulletin of Jsme,1960,3(10):212-219.
[12] SASAKI T,MORI H,OKINO N.Fluid lubrication theory of roller bearing—part I:fluid lubrication theory for two rotating cylinders in contact[J].Journal of Fluids Engineering,1962,84(1):166-174.
[13] 张小国,吴义中,李广安.间隙接触碰撞副的动力学模型[J].机械设计,1998,15(12):17-18.ZHANG Xiaoguo,WU Yizhong,LI Guang’an.The dynamic model of impact pair with clearance[J].Journal of Machine Design,1998,15(12):17-18.
[14] ALVES J,PEIXINHO N,SILVA M T D,et al.A comparative study of the viscoelastic constitutive models for frictionless contact interfaces in solids[J].Mechanism & Machine Theory,2015,85:172-188.
[15] SKF.Effect of lubrication on sliding friction [EB/OL].http://www.skf.com/group/products/bearings-units-housings/ball-bearings/principles/friction/skf-model/sliding-frictional/effect of lubrication/index.html,2014-07-13/2017-3-10.
[16] 温诗铸,黄平.摩擦学原理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2012.
[17] RUMBARGER J H,FILETTI E G,GUBERNICK D.Gas turbine engine mainshaft roller bearing-system analysis[J].Journal of Tribology,1973,95(4):401-416.
[18] 王晓力,桂长林,朱廷斌.国产润滑脂流变参数的确定与研究[J].摩擦学学报,1997,17(3):232-235.WANG Xiaoli,GUI Changlin,ZHU Tingbin.Study on rheological parameters of domestic lubricating grease[J].Tribology,1997,17(3):232-235.
[ 2 ] WALTERS C T.The dynamics of ball bearings[J].Trans ASME,Journal of Lubrication,1971,93 (1):1-10.
[ 3 ] GUPTA P K.On the dynamics of a tapered roller bearing[J].Journal of Tribology,1989,111 (2) :278-287.
[ 4 ] CREJU S,BERCEA I,MITU N.A dynamic analysis of tapered roller bearing under fully flooded conditions part 1:theoretical formulation[J].Wear,1995,188(1/2) :1-10
[ 5 ] 胡广存,魏铁建,邓四二,等.双列圆锥滚子轴承动力学分析[J].河南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2014,35(6):14-19.HU Guangcun,WEI Tiejian,DENG Sier,et al.Dynamic analysis of double row tapered roller bearings[J].Journal of Henan University of Science & Technology(Natural Science),2014,35(6):14-19.
[ 6 ] 郝烨江,李强,郑静.基于ABAQUS的列车轴箱轴承动力学分析[J].轴承,2014 (3):10-15.HAO Yejiang,LI Qiang,ZHENG Jing.Dynamics analysis of train axle box bearings based on ABAQUS[J].Bearing,2014 (3):10-15.
[ 7 ] 盖利森,张卫华.高速列车轴箱轴承动力学分析[J].哈尔滨轴承,2016,37 (1) :3-7.GAI Lisen,ZHANG Weihua.Dynamic analysis of axle box bearing of high-speed train[J].Journal of Harbin Bearing,2016,37 (1):3-7.
[ 8 ] 刘秀海.高速滚动轴承动力学分析模型与保持架动态性能研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2011.
[ 9 ] 姚延强,迟毅林,王利华,等.球轴承柔性多体动力学分析与接触振动研究[J].振动与冲击,2009,28(10):158-162.YAO Yanqiang,CHI Yilin,WANG Lihua,et al.Contact vibration and flexible-multibody dynamic analysis of a ball bearing[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2009,28(10):158-162.
[10] 李想,韩礼艳,朱永生,等.基于非线性动力学的圆锥滚子轴承故障建模与分析[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(增刊1):128-131.LI Xiang,HAN Liyan,ZHU Yongsheng,et al.Fault diagnosis based on nonlinear dynamic modeling in tapered roller bearing[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2014,33(Sup1):128- 131.
[11] SASAKI T,MORI H,OKINO N.Theory of grease lubrication of cylindrical roller bearing[J].Bulletin of Jsme,1960,3(10):212-219.
[12] SASAKI T,MORI H,OKINO N.Fluid lubrication theory of roller bearing—part I:fluid lubrication theory for two rotating cylinders in contact[J].Journal of Fluids Engineering,1962,84(1):166-174.
[13] 张小国,吴义中,李广安.间隙接触碰撞副的动力学模型[J].机械设计,1998,15(12):17-18.ZHANG Xiaoguo,WU Yizhong,LI Guang’an.The dynamic model of impact pair with clearance[J].Journal of Machine Design,1998,15(12):17-18.
[14] ALVES J,PEIXINHO N,SILVA M T D,et al.A comparative study of the viscoelastic constitutive models for frictionless contact interfaces in solids[J].Mechanism & Machine Theory,2015,85:172-188.
[15] SKF.Effect of lubrication on sliding friction [EB/OL].http://www.skf.com/group/products/bearings-units-housings/ball-bearings/principles/friction/skf-model/sliding-frictional/effect of lubrication/index.html,2014-07-13/2017-3-10.
[16] 温诗铸,黄平.摩擦学原理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2012.
[17] RUMBARGER J H,FILETTI E G,GUBERNICK D.Gas turbine engine mainshaft roller bearing-system analysis[J].Journal of Tribology,1973,95(4):401-416.
[18] 王晓力,桂长林,朱廷斌.国产润滑脂流变参数的确定与研究[J].摩擦学学报,1997,17(3):232-235.WANG Xiaoli,GUI Changlin,ZHU Tingbin.Study on rheological parameters of domestic lubricating grease[J].Tribology,1997,17(3):232-235.