基于谐波注入PWM的高速永磁同步电机纹波电流抑制方法
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摘要
在高速永磁同步电机调速系统中,PWM逆变器的低载波比和高速永磁同步电机的小电感使得电机绕组中存在较大的纹波电流。为有效抑制纹波电流,提出一种谐波注入PWM调制方式,即在SPWM正弦信号波中注入3次和9次谐波,通过优化PWM逆变器供电电压脉冲序列宽度,达到减小高速永磁同步电机纹波电流的目的。首先,基于规则采样高速永磁同步电机控制系统,论述谐波注入PWM原理和实现方法;其次,推导纹波电流谐波成分的计算公式,根据纹波电流谐波频谱分布的特点,引入纹波电流谐波群畸变率定量描述纹波电流大小,以弥补纹波电流总畸变率的不足,对谐波注入PWM的纹波电流抑制效果计算分析;最后,对谐波注入PWM方法进行实验验证,实验结果表明,所提谐波注入PWM方法可以有效抑制高速永磁同步电机纹波电流。
In the high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor speed control system, the low carrier wave ratio of the PWM inverter and the small inductance of the high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor make larger the ripple current in the motor windings. In order to effectively reduce the ripple current, a harmonic injection PWM modulation is presented, which is SPWM sinusoidal signal wave injected into the three harmonic and nine harmonic. Power supply voltage pulse of PWM inverter could be optimized by the harmonic injection PWM, and the ripple current would be reduced in the high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor. First of all, harmonic injection principle and realization method are discussed in the high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor control system based on the regular sampling PWM. Secondly, the calculating formula of ripple current harmonic components is deduced. According to the characteristics of ripple current harmonic spectrum, ripple current harmonic group distortion ratio is used for the quantitative description of ripple current, which compensate incomplete features of the ripple current total distortion ratio. The harmonic current suppression effect of harmonic injection PWM is calculated and analyzed. Finally, the harmonic injection PWM method was verified by experiments, and experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively suppress ripple current of the high speed permanent synchronous motor.
In the high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor speed control system, the low carrier wave ratio of the PWM inverter and the small inductance of the high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor make larger the ripple current in the motor windings. In order to effectively reduce the ripple current, a harmonic injection PWM modulation is presented, which is SPWM sinusoidal signal wave injected into the three harmonic and nine harmonic. Power supply voltage pulse of PWM inverter could be optimized by the harmonic injection PWM, and the ripple current would be reduced in the high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor. First of all, harmonic injection principle and realization method are discussed in the high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor control system based on the regular sampling PWM. Secondly, the calculating formula of ripple current harmonic components is deduced. According to the characteristics of ripple current harmonic spectrum, ripple current harmonic group distortion ratio is used for the quantitative description of ripple current, which compensate incomplete features of the ripple current total distortion ratio. The harmonic current suppression effect of harmonic injection PWM is calculated and analyzed. Finally, the harmonic injection PWM method was verified by experiments, and experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively suppress ripple current of the high speed permanent synchronous motor.
引文
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[14]朱建林,张建华,郭有贵,等.过调制矩阵变换器的电压传输特性及谐波分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(10):110-113.Zhu Jianlin,Zhang Jianhua,Guo Yougui,et al.Voltage transfer characteristic and Harmonic analysis of matrix converter under over modulation[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(10):110-113.
[15]徐蕴婕,邱阿瑞,袁新枚,等.舰船交流电力推进系统PWM方式的比较[J].电工技术学报,2006,21(2):93-96.Xu Yunjie,Qiu Arui,Yuan Xinmei,et al.A comparison of SVPWM and SPWM in AC ship power propulsion systems[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2006,21(2):93-96.
[16]邵贺锋,全惠敏.单相系统瞬时谐波及无功电流检测方法研究[J].电气应用,2017,36(2):42-46.
[17]Bowes S R,Midoum A.Suboptimal switching strategies for microprocessor controlled PWM inverter drives[J].IEE Proceedings of Electric Power Applications,1985,132(3):133-148.
[18]McGrath B P,Holmes D G.Multicarrier PWM strategies for multilevel inverters[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2002,49(4):858-867.
[19]Leon J I,Lopez O,Franquelo L G,et al.Multilevel multiphase feedforward space-vector modulation technique[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2010,57(6):2066-2075.
[2]王凤翔.高速电机的设计特点及相关技术研究[J].沈阳工业大学学报,2006,28(3):258-264.Wang Fengxiang.Study on design feature and related technology of high speed electrical machines[J].Journal of Shenyang University of Technology,2006,28(3):258-264.
[3]Kolondzovski Z,Arkkio A,Larjola J,et al.Power limitsof high-speed permanent-magnet electrical machines for compressor applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2011,26(1):73-82.
[4]于吉坤,李立毅,杜鹏程,等.高速永磁同步电机电枢电流谐波分析[J].电机与控制学报,2016,20(5):28-36.Yu Jikun,Li Liyi,Du Pengcheng,et al.Harmonic analysis of armature current for high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor[J].Electric Machines and Control,2016,20(5):28-36.
[5]周京华,吴理心,章小卫,等.多电平逆变器多载波调制策略的谐波分析[J].电机与控制学报,2011,15(5):63-71.Zhou Jinghua,Wu Lixin,Zhang Xiaowei,et al.Harmonic analysis of multi-level inverter multicarrier modulation strategy[J].Electric Machines and Control,2011,15(5):63-71.
[6]周明磊,游小杰,王琛琛,等.电流谐波最小PWM开关角的计算及谐波特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(15):2362-2370.Zhou Minglei,You Xiaojie,Wang Chenchen,et al.Switching angle calculation and harmonic analysis of current harmonic minimum PWM[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(15):2362-2370.
[7]Kanchan R S,Baiju M R,Mohapatra K K,et al.Space vector PWM signal generation for multilevel inverters using only the sampled amplitudes of reference phase voltages[J].IEE Proceedings of Electric Power Applications,2005,152(2):297-309.
[8]Hava A,Cetin N.A generalized scalar PWM approach with easy implementation features for three-phase threewire voltage-source inverters[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2011,24(5):1385-1395.
[9]Bierhoff M,Fuchs F.DC-link harmonics of threephase voltage-source converters influenced by the pulse width modulation strategy-an analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2008,55(5):2085-2092.
[10]李立毅,于吉坤,曹继伟,等.基于PWM逆变器供电的永磁同步电机电压和电流的谐波通用型新算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(23):6203-6213.Li Liyi,Yu Jikun,Cao Jiwei,et al.A universal andnew harmonic algorithm of voltage and current of permanent magnet synchronous motors supplied by PWM inverter[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(23):6203-6213.
[11]McGrath B P,Holmes D G.An analytical technique for the determination of spectral components of multilevel carrier-based PWM methods[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2002,49(4):847-857.
[12]陈瑶,童亦斌,金新民.基于PWM整流器的SVPWM谐波分析新算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(13):76-80.Chen Yao,Tong Yibin,Jin Xinmin.A novel algorithm of SVPWM harmonic analysis based on PWM rectifier[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(13):76-80.
[13]张立伟,刘钧,温旭辉,等.基于基波电压幅值线形输出控制的SVPWM过调制新算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(19):12-18.Zhang Liwei,Liu Jun,Wen Xuhui,et al.A novel algorithm of SVPWM inverter in the over modulation region based on fundamental voltage amplitude linear output control[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(19):12-18.
[14]朱建林,张建华,郭有贵,等.过调制矩阵变换器的电压传输特性及谐波分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(10):110-113.Zhu Jianlin,Zhang Jianhua,Guo Yougui,et al.Voltage transfer characteristic and Harmonic analysis of matrix converter under over modulation[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(10):110-113.
[15]徐蕴婕,邱阿瑞,袁新枚,等.舰船交流电力推进系统PWM方式的比较[J].电工技术学报,2006,21(2):93-96.Xu Yunjie,Qiu Arui,Yuan Xinmei,et al.A comparison of SVPWM and SPWM in AC ship power propulsion systems[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2006,21(2):93-96.
[16]邵贺锋,全惠敏.单相系统瞬时谐波及无功电流检测方法研究[J].电气应用,2017,36(2):42-46.
[17]Bowes S R,Midoum A.Suboptimal switching strategies for microprocessor controlled PWM inverter drives[J].IEE Proceedings of Electric Power Applications,1985,132(3):133-148.
[18]McGrath B P,Holmes D G.Multicarrier PWM strategies for multilevel inverters[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2002,49(4):858-867.
[19]Leon J I,Lopez O,Franquelo L G,et al.Multilevel multiphase feedforward space-vector modulation technique[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2010,57(6):2066-2075.