鞍山区域电离层模型构建及GNSS应用研究
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摘要
针对电离层延迟误差目前是GNSS导航定位精度最重要误差源的现状,通过GNSS参考站或跟踪站实测数据计算电子总含量值,建立区域电离层模型,监测区域电离层变化,进而找到削弱或消除电离层延迟误差影响方法。利用曲面拟合实现建模,在模型的建立过程中通过对不同的模型阶数进行设置,对比不同情况下的模型精度,从而确定特定区域内最佳数据采样间隔及阶数设置,并在最佳阶数设置情况下,比较了预报不同时段的精度,进而对延迟量预报问题进行探讨,得出一些有益结论。可以通过该模型单独解算流动站站点的实时电离层延迟信息,这对多基站CORS的站间距离选择和单基站CORS基准站和流动站之间距离设计,尤其对提高单频接收机以及GIS产品用户的定位精度和差分模型的覆盖范围都具有实际参考意义。
Against the status that the ionospheric delay errors become one of major error sources,a regional or global ionospheric model was developed to monitor ionospheric movements through calculating total electron content by using practical measured data of GNSS reference stations or tracking stations,aiming at getting the ways to eliminate or reduce the ionospheric delay errors.The model was built with curved surface fitting.During the modeling,different precisions of different model orders were analyzed and compared to determine the optimum data sampling intervals and orders of a specific region.In the bestcase parameters,different forecasting precisions with different times were compared.And then it also discussed prediction problems of zenith delay.Some beneficial conclusions were gained.Real-time inoshperic delay of moving stations can be calculated with the model that we built,which is of practically reference to determine distances between stations of multi-base stations CORS and between base stations and moving stations of single base station CORS,especially to improve position accuracy of single frequency receivers and GIS products and enlarge the covering area of differential models.
Against the status that the ionospheric delay errors become one of major error sources,a regional or global ionospheric model was developed to monitor ionospheric movements through calculating total electron content by using practical measured data of GNSS reference stations or tracking stations,aiming at getting the ways to eliminate or reduce the ionospheric delay errors.The model was built with curved surface fitting.During the modeling,different precisions of different model orders were analyzed and compared to determine the optimum data sampling intervals and orders of a specific region.In the bestcase parameters,different forecasting precisions with different times were compared.And then it also discussed prediction problems of zenith delay.Some beneficial conclusions were gained.Real-time inoshperic delay of moving stations can be calculated with the model that we built,which is of practically reference to determine distances between stations of multi-base stations CORS and between base stations and moving stations of single base station CORS,especially to improve position accuracy of single frequency receivers and GIS products and enlarge the covering area of differential models.
引文
[1]张小红,李征航,蔡昌盛.用双频GPS观测值建立小区域电离层延迟模型研究[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2001,26(2):140-143.(ZHANG Xiaohong,LI Zhenghang,CAI Changsheng.Study on regional ionospheric model using dual_frequency GPS measurements[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2001,26(2):140-143.)
[2]蔡昌盛,李征航,赵晓峰.利用GPS组合观测值建立区域电离层模型研究[J].测绘工程,2003,12(1):14-15.(CAI Changsheng,LI Zhenghang,ZHAO Xiaofeng.Study on regional ionospheric model using GPS combination observations[J].Engineering of Surveying and Mapping,2003,12(1):14-15.)
[3]涂锐,张勤,黄观文,等.利用相位平滑伪距和最小二乘曲面函数建立西安市区域电离层延迟模型[J].武汉大学学报,2011,36(2):218-220.(TU Rui,ZHANG Qin,HUANG Guanwen,et al.Establishment of regional ionospheric delay model in Xi′an based on phase smoothing Pseudo-Range and LS surface function[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2011,36(2):218-220.)
[4]韩玲.区域GPS电离层TEC监测、建模和应用[D].上海:中国科学院上海天文台,2006.(HAN Ling.Monitoring,modeling and application of GPS regional ionospheric TEC[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2006.)
[5]章红平.基于地基GPS的中国区域电离层监测与延迟改正研究[D].上海:中国科学院上海天文台,2006.(ZHANG Hongping.China regional ionosphere monitoring and delays correction based GPS network[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2006.)
[6]张成军,杨力,陈军.提高GPS载波相位平滑伪距定位精度的算法研究[J].大地测量学与地球动力学,2009,29(4):106-110.(ZHANG Chengjun,YANG Li,CHEN Jun.Improving point positioning accuracy using GPS carrier smoothed pseudorange[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2009,29(4):106-110.)
[7]HONG Changki.Efficient differential code bias and Ionosphere modeling and their Impact on the networkbased GPS positioning[D].Columbus:The Ohio State University,2007.
[8]SHARMA S,DASHORA N.Cycle slip detection,correction and phase leveling of RINEX formatted GPS observables[J].Current Science,2011,100(2):205-212.
[9]施闯,耿长江,章红平,等.基于EOF的实时三维电离层模型精度分析[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2010,35(10):1143-1146.(SHI Chuang,GENG Changjiang,ZHANG Hongping,et al.Precision analysis of ionosphere tomography based on EOF[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2010,35(10):1143-1146.)
[10]袁运斌.基于GPS的电离层监测及延迟改正理论与方法的研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2002.(YUAN Yunbin.Study on theories and methods of correcting ionospheric delay and monitoring ionosphere based on GPS[D].Beijing:Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2002.)
[11]霍夫曼,利希特内格尔,瓦斯勒.全球卫星导航系统(GPS,GLONASS,Galileo及其他系统)[M].程鹏飞,蔡艳辉,文汉江,等译.北京:测绘出版社,2009:15-20.(HOFMANN,LICHTENEGGER,WASLE.GNSS-Global navigation satellite systems GPS,GLONASS,Galileo and more[M].translated by CHENG Pengfei,CAI Yanhui,WEN Hanjiang,et al.Beijing:Surveying and Mapping Press,2009:15-20.)
[12]薛军琛.中国地区电离层延迟函数模型建立与精度估计[D].青岛:山东科技大学,2011.(XUE Junchen.Construction and precision analysis of ionospheric delay function modeling Chinese region[D].Qingdao:Shandong University of Science and Technology,2011.)
[13]刘志平,赵自强,郭广礼.电离层总电子含量时空特征分析及分区建模[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2012,37(11):1360-1363.(LIU Zhiping,ZHAO Ziqiang,GUO Guangli.Spatial-temporal features analysis and partition modeling of VTEC[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2012,37(11):1360-1363.)
[14]杨哲,宋淑丽.Klobuchar模型和NeQuick模型在中国地区的精度评估[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2012,37(6):704-708.(YANG Zhe,SONG Shuli.Accuracy assessment of Klobuchar model and NeQuick model in China[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2012,37(6):704-708.)
[15]章红平,施闯,唐卫明.地基GPS区域电离层多项式模型与硬件延迟统一解算分析[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2008,33(8):805-809.(ZHANG Hongping,SHI Chuang,TANG Weiming.United solution to polynomial VTEC modeling and DCB analysis using groundbased GPS observations[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2008,33(8):805-809.)
[16]毛文军.基于灰色组合模型的电离层电子含量预报[J].测绘科学,2016,41(1):39-43.(MAO Wenjun.Prediction of ionnospheric VTEC using grey time series combination model[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2016,41(1):39-43.)
[17]刘军,柴洪洲.基于格网的GPS/BD-2组合系统电离层VTEC模型研究[J].测绘科学,2011,36(3):34-36.(LIU Jun,CHAI Hongzhou.Grid-based VTEC model of GPS/BD-2combined system[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2011,36(3):34-36.)
[2]蔡昌盛,李征航,赵晓峰.利用GPS组合观测值建立区域电离层模型研究[J].测绘工程,2003,12(1):14-15.(CAI Changsheng,LI Zhenghang,ZHAO Xiaofeng.Study on regional ionospheric model using GPS combination observations[J].Engineering of Surveying and Mapping,2003,12(1):14-15.)
[3]涂锐,张勤,黄观文,等.利用相位平滑伪距和最小二乘曲面函数建立西安市区域电离层延迟模型[J].武汉大学学报,2011,36(2):218-220.(TU Rui,ZHANG Qin,HUANG Guanwen,et al.Establishment of regional ionospheric delay model in Xi′an based on phase smoothing Pseudo-Range and LS surface function[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2011,36(2):218-220.)
[4]韩玲.区域GPS电离层TEC监测、建模和应用[D].上海:中国科学院上海天文台,2006.(HAN Ling.Monitoring,modeling and application of GPS regional ionospheric TEC[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2006.)
[5]章红平.基于地基GPS的中国区域电离层监测与延迟改正研究[D].上海:中国科学院上海天文台,2006.(ZHANG Hongping.China regional ionosphere monitoring and delays correction based GPS network[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2006.)
[6]张成军,杨力,陈军.提高GPS载波相位平滑伪距定位精度的算法研究[J].大地测量学与地球动力学,2009,29(4):106-110.(ZHANG Chengjun,YANG Li,CHEN Jun.Improving point positioning accuracy using GPS carrier smoothed pseudorange[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2009,29(4):106-110.)
[7]HONG Changki.Efficient differential code bias and Ionosphere modeling and their Impact on the networkbased GPS positioning[D].Columbus:The Ohio State University,2007.
[8]SHARMA S,DASHORA N.Cycle slip detection,correction and phase leveling of RINEX formatted GPS observables[J].Current Science,2011,100(2):205-212.
[9]施闯,耿长江,章红平,等.基于EOF的实时三维电离层模型精度分析[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2010,35(10):1143-1146.(SHI Chuang,GENG Changjiang,ZHANG Hongping,et al.Precision analysis of ionosphere tomography based on EOF[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2010,35(10):1143-1146.)
[10]袁运斌.基于GPS的电离层监测及延迟改正理论与方法的研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2002.(YUAN Yunbin.Study on theories and methods of correcting ionospheric delay and monitoring ionosphere based on GPS[D].Beijing:Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2002.)
[11]霍夫曼,利希特内格尔,瓦斯勒.全球卫星导航系统(GPS,GLONASS,Galileo及其他系统)[M].程鹏飞,蔡艳辉,文汉江,等译.北京:测绘出版社,2009:15-20.(HOFMANN,LICHTENEGGER,WASLE.GNSS-Global navigation satellite systems GPS,GLONASS,Galileo and more[M].translated by CHENG Pengfei,CAI Yanhui,WEN Hanjiang,et al.Beijing:Surveying and Mapping Press,2009:15-20.)
[12]薛军琛.中国地区电离层延迟函数模型建立与精度估计[D].青岛:山东科技大学,2011.(XUE Junchen.Construction and precision analysis of ionospheric delay function modeling Chinese region[D].Qingdao:Shandong University of Science and Technology,2011.)
[13]刘志平,赵自强,郭广礼.电离层总电子含量时空特征分析及分区建模[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2012,37(11):1360-1363.(LIU Zhiping,ZHAO Ziqiang,GUO Guangli.Spatial-temporal features analysis and partition modeling of VTEC[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2012,37(11):1360-1363.)
[14]杨哲,宋淑丽.Klobuchar模型和NeQuick模型在中国地区的精度评估[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2012,37(6):704-708.(YANG Zhe,SONG Shuli.Accuracy assessment of Klobuchar model and NeQuick model in China[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2012,37(6):704-708.)
[15]章红平,施闯,唐卫明.地基GPS区域电离层多项式模型与硬件延迟统一解算分析[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2008,33(8):805-809.(ZHANG Hongping,SHI Chuang,TANG Weiming.United solution to polynomial VTEC modeling and DCB analysis using groundbased GPS observations[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2008,33(8):805-809.)
[16]毛文军.基于灰色组合模型的电离层电子含量预报[J].测绘科学,2016,41(1):39-43.(MAO Wenjun.Prediction of ionnospheric VTEC using grey time series combination model[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2016,41(1):39-43.)
[17]刘军,柴洪洲.基于格网的GPS/BD-2组合系统电离层VTEC模型研究[J].测绘科学,2011,36(3):34-36.(LIU Jun,CHAI Hongzhou.Grid-based VTEC model of GPS/BD-2combined system[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2011,36(3):34-36.)