埋地穿路钢质管道承受竖向载荷的计算方法
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摘要
埋地穿路钢质管道承受的竖向载荷包括土壤载荷和路面载荷两部分,是管道稳定性校核和强度校核的重要参数,竖向载荷计算方法的探讨对管道建设和安全运营都具有重要的意义。目前土壤载荷和路面载荷的计算方法都有一定的适用范围,选取方法不同则计算结果不同,土壤载荷的计算方法主要有GB 50332公式法和有限元法;路面载荷的计算方法主要有Holl积分法、JTG D60分布角法、AWWA M45分布角法和有限元法。通过分析各种计算方法的特点,以及不同计算方法计算结果之间的差异,找出产生这些差异的原因,确定不同管径、不同埋深等条件下宜选用的计算方法,这对于准确确定管顶竖向载荷具有指导意义;同时,根据有限元分析结果,得出大管径深埋管道的稳定性和强度校核不应只考虑管顶竖向载荷作用,某些情况下管道侧向载荷比竖向载荷还要大。
The vertical loads of buried steel pipelines across roads include soil load and road load,which are important parameters in pipeline stability check and strength. The discussion of the calculation methods for vertical load has an important influence on the pipeline construction and safe operation.At present,soil load calculation methods and road load calculation methods all have certain ranges of application,and different methods will give different calculation results. The calculation method of soil load mainly includes the GB 50332 formula method and the finite element method, and the calculation methods of road load mainly include the Holl integral method, GTJ D60 distribution angle method,AWWA M45 distribution angle method and finite element method.Through analyzing the characteristics of various calculation methods and the result difference calculated by different methods,reasons for those differences are found out to determine the optimal method under different conditions including pipeline diameter and buried depth, which has a significant meaning to determine the vertical load of pipeline top accurately. Meanwhile, according to the results of finite element analysis, it is found that stability and strength check of the deeply-buried pipelines with big diameter pipelines should not consider the vertical load of pipeline top only, because in some cases the lateral load of pipeline is larger than the vertical load.
The vertical loads of buried steel pipelines across roads include soil load and road load,which are important parameters in pipeline stability check and strength. The discussion of the calculation methods for vertical load has an important influence on the pipeline construction and safe operation.At present,soil load calculation methods and road load calculation methods all have certain ranges of application,and different methods will give different calculation results. The calculation method of soil load mainly includes the GB 50332 formula method and the finite element method, and the calculation methods of road load mainly include the Holl integral method, GTJ D60 distribution angle method,AWWA M45 distribution angle method and finite element method.Through analyzing the characteristics of various calculation methods and the result difference calculated by different methods,reasons for those differences are found out to determine the optimal method under different conditions including pipeline diameter and buried depth, which has a significant meaning to determine the vertical load of pipeline top accurately. Meanwhile, according to the results of finite element analysis, it is found that stability and strength check of the deeply-buried pipelines with big diameter pipelines should not consider the vertical load of pipeline top only, because in some cases the lateral load of pipeline is larger than the vertical load.
引文
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[2]American Petroleum Institute.Steel pipeline crossing railways and highways:API RP 1102-2012[S].Washington:American Petroleum Institute,2012:11-30.
[3]王永强,牛星钢,谭钦文.重型车辆荷载下埋地天然气管道的安全分析[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2011,7(8):109-114.WANG Yongqiang,NIU Xinggang,TAN Qinwen.Safety analysis for buried gas pipelines under heavy vehicle loads[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2011,7(8):26-37.
[4]余红伟,倪友伟,姚士洪.车辆载荷碾压作用下管道的安全性测试与分析[J].石油工程建设,2009,35(3):15-19.YU Hongwei,NI Youwei,YAO Shihong.Safety test and analysis for pipelines under heavy vehicle loads[J].Oil Engineering Construction,2009,35(3):15-19.
[5]邓道明,李育光.埋地柔性管道的应力和应变分析[J].油气储运,1998,17(6):11-57.DENG Daoming,Li Yuguang.Buried flexible pipeline stress and strain analysis[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,1998,17(6):11-57.
[6]邓道明,孙建刚,张彦敏.穿越公路及铁路埋地管道的设计计算[J].油气储运,1998,17(9):13-17.DENG Daoming,SUN Jiangang,ZHANG Yanmin.Highway and railway buried pipelines design and calculation[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,1998,17(9):13-17.
[7]张少禹.消防用埋地PE供水管的变形计算[J].消防设备研究,2007,26(1):75-76.ZHANG Shaoyu.Deflection of PE pipe for underground fire protection service[J].Fire Science and Technology,2007,26(1):75-76.
[8]朱坤锋,张文伟,王彦,等.输油管道工程设计规范:GB 50253-2014[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2014:80.ZHU Kunfeng,ZHANG Wenwei,WANG Yan,et al.Code for design of oil transportation pipeline engineering:GB 50253-2014[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2014:80.
[9]邓道明,吴斌,李育光.穿越公路埋地管道的载荷计算[J].油气储运,1998,17(1):26-31.DENG Daoming,WU Bin,Li Yuguang.Crossing road buried pipeline load calculation[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,1998,17(1):26-31.
[10]沈世杰,刘雨生,王文贤,等.给水排水工程管道结构设计规范:GB 50332-2002[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2003:14-25.SHEN Shijie,LIU Yusheng,WANG Wenxian,et al.Structural design code for pipelines of water supply and waste water engineering:GB 50332-2002[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2003:14-25.
[11]徐国平,赵君黎,袁洪,等.公路桥涵设计通用规范:JTG D60-2015[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2015:29-30.XU Guoping,ZHAO Junli,YUAN Hong,et al.General specifications for design of highway bridges and culverts:JTG D60-2015[S].Beijing:People's Transportation Press Incorporated Company,2015:29-30.
[12]RICHARD C,TURKOP P,PHILLIP S.Fiberglass pipe design:AWWA M45-2014[S].West Quincy Avenue Denver:American Water Works Association,2014:49-53.
[13]Saudi Aramco Piping Engineers.Pipeline crossings under roads and railways:SAES-L-460[S].Dammam:Piping Standard Committee,2014:12-15.
[14]Saudi Aramco Piping Engineers.Design of reinforced thermosetting resins piping in hydrocarbon and water i Injection systems:SAES-L-620[S].Dammam:Piping Standard Committee,2015:40.
[15]Saudi Aramco Piping Engineers.Design load on pipelines in road crossing:AB-036465[S].Dammam:Piping Standard Committee,2014:1.