冀中南毛木耳栽培菌株的鉴定和优良菌株筛选
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摘要
以10个毛木耳栽培菌株为试验材料,通过拮抗试验和ISSR分子标记对不同的毛木耳菌株进行鉴别,并研究其原种菌丝生长速度、子实体等农艺性状。结果表明:10个毛木耳菌株的遗传相似系数在0.59～0.93;在遗传相似系数0.75左右时,10个毛木耳菌株可以将10个菌株分为4类:第1类为"黄耳10号""北京8号""北京1号";第2类为"川黄耳1号";第3类"川白耳1号""川耳5号""上海1号""琥珀木耳";第4类为"43-1"和"毛9722",通过出耳试验筛选出耳片厚、商品性状好、产量和生物学效率高的毛木耳菌株"北京1号",其生物学效率为343.47%;其次是"北京8号",其生物学效率为292.77%,这2个毛木耳菌株为适宜冀中南地区栽培的优良菌株。
Ten cultivated strains of Auricularia polytricha were identified by antagonistic test and ISSR molecular marker technique,also the mycelium growth rate and agronomic traits were studied.The results showed that the genetic similarity of ten Auricularia polytricha strains was among 0.59 and 0.93,ten Auricularia polytricha strains were divided into four groups at genetic similarity of 0.75.The first group was 'Huang′er 10' 'Beijing 8' 'Beijing 1';the second group was'Chuan Huang′er 1';the third group was 'Chuanbai 1' 'Chuan′er 5' 'Shanghai 1' and 'Amber Auricularia';and the fourth group was '43-1' and 'Mao 9722'.These strains were screened together by agronomic characters,yield factors and biological efficiency,two excellent strains 'Beijing 1'(the biological efficiency was 343.47%)and 'Beijing 8' were selected for suitable cultivation in middle and south area of Hebei.
Ten cultivated strains of Auricularia polytricha were identified by antagonistic test and ISSR molecular marker technique,also the mycelium growth rate and agronomic traits were studied.The results showed that the genetic similarity of ten Auricularia polytricha strains was among 0.59 and 0.93,ten Auricularia polytricha strains were divided into four groups at genetic similarity of 0.75.The first group was 'Huang′er 10' 'Beijing 8' 'Beijing 1';the second group was'Chuan Huang′er 1';the third group was 'Chuanbai 1' 'Chuan′er 5' 'Shanghai 1' and 'Amber Auricularia';and the fourth group was '43-1' and 'Mao 9722'.These strains were screened together by agronomic characters,yield factors and biological efficiency,two excellent strains 'Beijing 1'(the biological efficiency was 343.47%)and 'Beijing 8' were selected for suitable cultivation in middle and south area of Hebei.
引文
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[2] 常明昌.食用菌栽培学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003.
[3] 马玮超,靳荣线,朱坤.毛木耳高效栽培7个品种比较试验[J].食用菌,2017,39(5):40-41.
[4] ZIETKIEWICZ E,RAFALSKI A,LABUDA D.Genome fingerprinting by simple sequence repeat (SSR)-anchored polymerase chain reaction amplification[J].Genomics,1994,2(20):176-183.
[5] 任梓铭.毛木耳多孢杂交育种研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2017.
[6] 李辉平.应用ISSR标记对食用菌的遗传多样性分析[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2007.
[7] 袁滨,张金文,柯丽娜,等.白背毛木耳菌株栽培对比试验[J].北方园艺,2012(21):131-134.
[8] 孔维丽,张玉亭,康源春,等.毛木耳优良品种筛选[J].中国园艺文摘,2014,30(7):27-28,95.
[9] 李婧.毛木耳单孢杂交及遗传分析[D].福州:福建农林大学,2011.
[10] 李维焕,吴璇,高兴喜,等.十二个秀珍菇菌株的比较试验[J].北方园艺,2018(5):145-149.
[11] 王波,李婧,鲜灵,等.毛木耳黄背木耳菌株组织分离物遗传差异与农艺性状分析[J].西南农业学报,2012,25(2):601-604.