顺北油田超深井优快钻井技术
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摘要
顺北油田钻井过程中存在大套火成岩易漏易塌、辉绿岩侵入体失稳和古生代地层机械钻速低等问题,导致钻井井下故障较多,钻井周期较长。室内研究认为,二叠系地层微裂缝引起的井漏和火成岩的脆性失稳掉块导致井眼稳定保障难度大是影响优快钻井实施的最大障碍,为此,优化了井身结构和防漏防塌钻井液体系,配套了二叠系火成岩、桑塔木组辉绿岩的安全钻进技术,形成了以井眼稳定保障技术和安全钻井技术为核心的优快钻井技术。该技术在顺北油田5口超深井进行了现场试验,井漏、井壁失稳问题得到有效控制,实现了二叠系火成岩和桑塔木组辉绿岩安全钻进,试验井平均钻井周期为173.42d,与前期已钻井相比钻井周期缩短14.73%。超深井优快钻井技术的实施,为加快顺北油田的勘探开发步伐、建成百万吨产能提供了技术支撑。
Drilling processes of the Shunbei Oilfield are problematized by complicated conditions and prolonged drilling time due to susceptibility of igneous rocks to lost circulation and collapse,instability of ophiolite intrusive masses and low rates of penetration(ROPs)in Paleozoic Formations.Lab research results showed lost circulation induced by micro-fractures in Permian Formations and difficulties in maintaining stability of sidewalls due to chipping of doleritic rocks were key challenges for optimized and fast drilling operations.Under such circumstances,casing programs and drilling fluid systems with desirable lostcirculation and instability resistance properties were developed for the optimized and fast drilling operations.Borehole stability and fast drilling were key attributes.Field tests were implemented for the innovative technologies in 5 existing wells in the Shunbei Oilfield.Test results showed that lost circulation,sidewall instability and other problems were eliminated effectively for safe drilling of Permian igneous rocks and Sangtamu intrusive masses.The average drilling time for these wells was 173.42 d,which was 14.73%shorter than that required prior to application of the optimized fast drilling technologies.Application of the optimized and fast drilling technologies could effectively accelerate exploration and development of the Shunbei Oilfield.In addition,these technologies might provide reliable technical solutions to achieve million-ton oil productivity of the oilfield.
Drilling processes of the Shunbei Oilfield are problematized by complicated conditions and prolonged drilling time due to susceptibility of igneous rocks to lost circulation and collapse,instability of ophiolite intrusive masses and low rates of penetration(ROPs)in Paleozoic Formations.Lab research results showed lost circulation induced by micro-fractures in Permian Formations and difficulties in maintaining stability of sidewalls due to chipping of doleritic rocks were key challenges for optimized and fast drilling operations.Under such circumstances,casing programs and drilling fluid systems with desirable lostcirculation and instability resistance properties were developed for the optimized and fast drilling operations.Borehole stability and fast drilling were key attributes.Field tests were implemented for the innovative technologies in 5 existing wells in the Shunbei Oilfield.Test results showed that lost circulation,sidewall instability and other problems were eliminated effectively for safe drilling of Permian igneous rocks and Sangtamu intrusive masses.The average drilling time for these wells was 173.42 d,which was 14.73%shorter than that required prior to application of the optimized fast drilling technologies.Application of the optimized and fast drilling technologies could effectively accelerate exploration and development of the Shunbei Oilfield.In addition,these technologies might provide reliable technical solutions to achieve million-ton oil productivity of the oilfield.
引文
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[12]刘四海,崔庆东,李卫国.川东北地区井漏特点及承压堵漏技术难点与对策[J].石油钻探技术,2008,36(3):20-23.LIU Sihai,CUI Qingdong,LI Weiguo.Circulation loss characteristics and challenges and measures to plug under pressure in Northeast Sichuan Area[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2008,36(3):20-23.
[13]金军斌.塔里木盆地顺北区块超深井火成岩钻井液技术[J].石油钻探技术,2016,44(6):17-23.JIN Junbin.Drilling fluid technology for igneous rocks in ultra-deep wells in the Shunbei Area,Tarim Basin[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2016,44(6):17-23.
[14]周祥林,张金成,张东清.TorkBuster扭力冲击器在元坝地区的试验应用[J].钻采工艺,2012,35(2):15-17.ZHOU Xianglin,ZHANG Jincheng,ZHANG Dongqing.Experimental application of TorkBuster torsional impactor in Yuanba Region[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2012,35(2):15-17.
[15]牛晓,潘丽娟,甄玉辉,等.SHB1-6H井长裸眼钻井液技术[J].钻井液与完井液,2016,33(5):30-34.NIU Xiao,PAN Lijuan,ZHEN Yuhui,et al.Drilling fluid technology for long open hole section of Well SHB1-6H[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2016,33(5):30-34.
[2]白彬珍,彭明旺,王龙,等.塔中顺9井区钻井挑战及解决对策[J].钻采工艺,2016,39(4):19-21.BAI Binzhen,PENG Mingwang,WANG Long,et al.Drilling operation difficulties and countermeasures in middle Tarim Shun 9Block[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2016,39(4):19-21.
[3]刘彪,潘丽娟,易浩,等.顺北含辉绿岩超深井井身结构优化设计[J].石油钻采工艺,2016,38(3):296-301.LIU Biao,PAN Lijuan,YI Hao,et al.Casing program optimization of ultra-deep well with diabase reservoir in Shunbei Block[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2016,38(3):296-301.
[4]刘彪,白彬珍,潘丽娟,等.托甫台区块含盐膏层深井井身结构优化设计[J].石油钻探技术,2014,42(4):48-52.LIU Biao,BAI Binzhen,PAN Lijuan,et al.Casing program of deep well with evaporite bed in Tuofutai Block[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2014,42(4):48-52.
[5]白彬珍.巴什托构造井身结构优化设计研究[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(2):451-455.BAI Binzhen.The study of casing program optimization for wells in Bashituo Structure[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2013,13(2):451-455.
[6]马中远,任丽丹,黄苇,等.塔里木盆地塔中地区火成岩的基本特征[J].特种油气藏,2013,20(3):64-67.MA Zhongyuan,REN Lidan,HUANG Wei,et al.Basic characteristics of igneous rock in the middle area of Tarim Basin[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2013,20(3):64-67.
[7]陈曾伟,刘四海,林永学,等.塔河油田顺西2井二叠系火成岩裂缝性地层堵漏技术[J].钻井液与完井液,2014,31(1):40-43.CHEN Zengwei,LIU Sihai,LIN Yongxue,et al.Lost circulation control technology for fractured permian igneous rock formation in Well Shunxi 2of Tahe Oilfield[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2014,31(1):40-43.
[8]杨红运,曹树刚,洛锋,等.辉绿岩瞬态卸压下强度及变形特性数值模拟[J].武汉理工大学学报,2013,35(8):89-93.YANG Hongyun,CAO Shugang,LUO Feng,et al.Numerical simulation of strength and deformation characteristics of diabase under transient unloading[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2013,35(8):89-93.
[9]李大奇,康毅力,刘修善,等.裂缝性地层钻井液漏失动力学模型研究进展[J].石油钻探技术,2013,41(4):42-47.LI Daqi,KANG Yili,LIU Xiushan,et al.Progress in drilling fluid loss dynamics model for fractured formations[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2013,41(4):42-47.
[10]孔勇,杨小华,徐江,等.抗高温强封堵防塌钻井液体系研究与应用[J].钻井液与完井液,2016,33(6):17-22.KONG Yong,YANG Xiaohua,XU Jiang,et al.Study and application of a high temperature drilling fluid with strong plugging capacity[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2016,33(6):17-22.
[11]滕学清,王克雄,郭清,等.哈得逊地区二叠系火成岩钻井钻井液配方优选室内实验研究[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2010,37(8):19-22.TENG Xueqing,WANG Kexiong,GUO Qing,et al.Laboratory experimental study on drilling fluid formulation optimization for drilling in Permian igneous rock of Hudson Area[J].Exploration Engineering(Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling),2010,37(8):19-22.
[12]刘四海,崔庆东,李卫国.川东北地区井漏特点及承压堵漏技术难点与对策[J].石油钻探技术,2008,36(3):20-23.LIU Sihai,CUI Qingdong,LI Weiguo.Circulation loss characteristics and challenges and measures to plug under pressure in Northeast Sichuan Area[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2008,36(3):20-23.
[13]金军斌.塔里木盆地顺北区块超深井火成岩钻井液技术[J].石油钻探技术,2016,44(6):17-23.JIN Junbin.Drilling fluid technology for igneous rocks in ultra-deep wells in the Shunbei Area,Tarim Basin[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2016,44(6):17-23.
[14]周祥林,张金成,张东清.TorkBuster扭力冲击器在元坝地区的试验应用[J].钻采工艺,2012,35(2):15-17.ZHOU Xianglin,ZHANG Jincheng,ZHANG Dongqing.Experimental application of TorkBuster torsional impactor in Yuanba Region[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2012,35(2):15-17.
[15]牛晓,潘丽娟,甄玉辉,等.SHB1-6H井长裸眼钻井液技术[J].钻井液与完井液,2016,33(5):30-34.NIU Xiao,PAN Lijuan,ZHEN Yuhui,et al.Drilling fluid technology for long open hole section of Well SHB1-6H[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2016,33(5):30-34.