储罐池火特性研究进展
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摘要
总结了常见池火特性参数如燃烧速率、火焰形态、火焰脉动、热辐射通量的半经验公式,计算得出燃烧速率、火焰拖曳直径、火焰脉动随储罐直径变化规律,火焰倾角随风速变化规律,热辐射通量随距离的变化规律,确定了多个公式的适用范围,指出了多个特性参数存在的问题,并提出了未来的研究方向。
This paper summarized the classical theory and semi empirical formula of common pool fire characteristic parameters such as the burning rate,the flame temperature, flame shape, flame pulsation,and thermal flux. Calculation was performed to study how the burning rate,the flame height,flame drag diameter,and flame pulsation changed with tank diameter,how the flame angle changed with wind speed and how thermal flux changed with the distance. The scope of application,the existing problems of various characteristic,as well as future research directions were put forward.
This paper summarized the classical theory and semi empirical formula of common pool fire characteristic parameters such as the burning rate,the flame temperature, flame shape, flame pulsation,and thermal flux. Calculation was performed to study how the burning rate,the flame height,flame drag diameter,and flame pulsation changed with tank diameter,how the flame angle changed with wind speed and how thermal flux changed with the distance. The scope of application,the existing problems of various characteristic,as well as future research directions were put forward.
引文
[1]李思成,杜玉龙,张学魁,等.油罐火灾的统计分析[J].消防科学与技术,2004,23(2):116-118.
[2]李志勇.池火灾模型及伤害特征研究[J].消防科学与技术,2009,28(11):803-805.
[3]霍然,杨振宏,柳静献.火灾爆炸预防控制工程学[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007:35-52.
[4]Joaquim Casal.Evaluation of the Effects and Consequences of Major Accidents in Industrial Plants[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier,2008:20-100.
[5]C.J.H.van den Bosch,R.A.P.M.Weterings.TNOYellow Book Pool model[M].Hague,TNO,2005.
[6]Center For Chemical Process Safety.Chemical Process Quantitative Risk Analysis[M].New York,AICE,2010.
[7]夏建军,傅学成,张宪忠,等.油罐火灾模型试验的安全性分析[J].消防科学与技术,2012,31(2):122-123.
[8]童琳,张瑞芳,谢启源.有风条件下航空煤油池火燃烧特性的实验研究[J].火灾科学,2010,19(3):123-126.
[9]迟立发.油罐火灾的辐射热及其预测[J].消防科学与技术,1983(2):101-105.
[10]黄金印,傅智敏译.烃类池火灾火焰温度分布[J].消防技术与产品信息,2000(11):261-273.
[11]郑斌.化工储罐火灾起火点推断物证技术研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2011.
[12]G.Heskestad.Luminous Height of Turbulent Diffusion Flame[J].Fire Safety Journal,1983(2):103-108.
[13]G.Heskestad.Peak Gas Velocities and Flame Height of Buoyancy-Controlled Turbulent Diffusion Flames[J].Eighteenth Symposium(International)on Combustion,1981:951-960.
[14]Brotz W,Schonbucher A,Schable R.Statistical Investigations of Pool Flames[J].Int Loss Prevention Symp,1977(5):850-860.
[15]P.H.Thomas.The Size of Flames from Natural Fires[J].9th Symposium on Combustion,1963:842-845.
[16]Schneider V,Hofmann J.An Advanced Engineering Approach to Fire Simulation and Consequence Evaluation[J].Eisevier,1993(6):499-510.
[17]J.Moorhouse.Scaling Criteria for Pool Fires Derived from Large-Scale Experiments[J].Chemical Symposium,1982(7):165-179.
[18]J.R.Welker,C.M.Sliepcevich.Bending of WindBlown Flames from Liquid Pools[J].Fire Technology,1996(8):127-135.
[19]孙志友.航空煤油池火燃烧特性研究[D].中国科学技术大学,2008:56-60.
[20]Philip J.Di Nenno,W.Douglas Walton.SFPE handbook for fire protection engineering[M].Quincy,Massachusetts National Fire Protection Association,2002.
[21]刘志勇.池火灾模型与伤害特征研究[J].消防科学与技术,2009,28(11):802-805.
[22]宋雪飞,陆建辉.海洋平台池火火灾模型概述[J].石油工程建设,2011,37(2):1-5.
[23]涂然.高原低压低氧对池火燃烧与火焰图像特征的影响机制[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2012.
[24]Cetegen.B.M.A phenomenological model of nearfield fire entrainment[J].Fire Safety Journal,1998,31(4):299-312.
[25]Pagni.P.J.Pool fire vortex shedding frequencies[J].Applied Mechanics Review,1990,43(1):153-170.
[2]李志勇.池火灾模型及伤害特征研究[J].消防科学与技术,2009,28(11):803-805.
[3]霍然,杨振宏,柳静献.火灾爆炸预防控制工程学[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007:35-52.
[4]Joaquim Casal.Evaluation of the Effects and Consequences of Major Accidents in Industrial Plants[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier,2008:20-100.
[5]C.J.H.van den Bosch,R.A.P.M.Weterings.TNOYellow Book Pool model[M].Hague,TNO,2005.
[6]Center For Chemical Process Safety.Chemical Process Quantitative Risk Analysis[M].New York,AICE,2010.
[7]夏建军,傅学成,张宪忠,等.油罐火灾模型试验的安全性分析[J].消防科学与技术,2012,31(2):122-123.
[8]童琳,张瑞芳,谢启源.有风条件下航空煤油池火燃烧特性的实验研究[J].火灾科学,2010,19(3):123-126.
[9]迟立发.油罐火灾的辐射热及其预测[J].消防科学与技术,1983(2):101-105.
[10]黄金印,傅智敏译.烃类池火灾火焰温度分布[J].消防技术与产品信息,2000(11):261-273.
[11]郑斌.化工储罐火灾起火点推断物证技术研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2011.
[12]G.Heskestad.Luminous Height of Turbulent Diffusion Flame[J].Fire Safety Journal,1983(2):103-108.
[13]G.Heskestad.Peak Gas Velocities and Flame Height of Buoyancy-Controlled Turbulent Diffusion Flames[J].Eighteenth Symposium(International)on Combustion,1981:951-960.
[14]Brotz W,Schonbucher A,Schable R.Statistical Investigations of Pool Flames[J].Int Loss Prevention Symp,1977(5):850-860.
[15]P.H.Thomas.The Size of Flames from Natural Fires[J].9th Symposium on Combustion,1963:842-845.
[16]Schneider V,Hofmann J.An Advanced Engineering Approach to Fire Simulation and Consequence Evaluation[J].Eisevier,1993(6):499-510.
[17]J.Moorhouse.Scaling Criteria for Pool Fires Derived from Large-Scale Experiments[J].Chemical Symposium,1982(7):165-179.
[18]J.R.Welker,C.M.Sliepcevich.Bending of WindBlown Flames from Liquid Pools[J].Fire Technology,1996(8):127-135.
[19]孙志友.航空煤油池火燃烧特性研究[D].中国科学技术大学,2008:56-60.
[20]Philip J.Di Nenno,W.Douglas Walton.SFPE handbook for fire protection engineering[M].Quincy,Massachusetts National Fire Protection Association,2002.
[21]刘志勇.池火灾模型与伤害特征研究[J].消防科学与技术,2009,28(11):802-805.
[22]宋雪飞,陆建辉.海洋平台池火火灾模型概述[J].石油工程建设,2011,37(2):1-5.
[23]涂然.高原低压低氧对池火燃烧与火焰图像特征的影响机制[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2012.
[24]Cetegen.B.M.A phenomenological model of nearfield fire entrainment[J].Fire Safety Journal,1998,31(4):299-312.
[25]Pagni.P.J.Pool fire vortex shedding frequencies[J].Applied Mechanics Review,1990,43(1):153-170.