三维油气输导体系网格建模与运聚模拟技术
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摘要
油气在输导体系中的运聚模拟一直是石油地质定量化研究中的难题。针对传统地质建模技术不能在三维空间中建立输导体相互联系的现状,采用混合维数网格建模思路,形成一种由体(地层)、面(断裂面和不整合面)、线和点构成的混合维数网格建模技术,为砂体、断面和不整合面几何形态的刻画、复杂构造区三维地质建模以及油气运聚模拟提供重要的研究手段,并提出了一种基于输导体系混合维数网格的三维油气运移路径追踪方法。准噶尔盆地陆西地区的应用实例显示,该技术能够有效刻画断层面、不整合面和砂体的输导作用,透视油气运移路径,模拟石油聚集、油藏调整及次生油藏的形成过程,揭示油气分布规律,指出古油藏附近和运移路径所覆盖的区域是油气分布有利区。
Migration and accumulation simulation of oil and gas in carrier systems has always been a difficult subject in the quantitative study of petroleum geology. In view of the fact that the traditional geological modeling technology can not establish the interrelation of carriers in three dimensional space, we have proposed a hybrid-dimensional mesh modeling technology consisting of body(stratum),surfaces(faults and unconformities), lines and points, which provides an important research method for the description of geometry of sand bodies, sections and unconformities, the 3D geological modeling of complex tectonic areas, and the simulation of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation. Furthermore, we have advanced a 3D hydrocarbon migration pathway tracking method based on the hybrid-dimensional mesh of the carrier system. The application of this technology in western Luliang Uplift of Junggar Basin shows that the technology can effectively characterize the transport effect of fault planes, unconformities and sand bodies, indicate the hydrocarbon migration pathways, simulate the process of oil accumulation, reservoir adjustment and secondary reservoir formation, predict the hydrocarbon distribution. It is found through the simulation that the areas around the paleo-oil reservoir and covered by migration pathways are favorable sites for oil and gas distribution.
Migration and accumulation simulation of oil and gas in carrier systems has always been a difficult subject in the quantitative study of petroleum geology. In view of the fact that the traditional geological modeling technology can not establish the interrelation of carriers in three dimensional space, we have proposed a hybrid-dimensional mesh modeling technology consisting of body(stratum),surfaces(faults and unconformities), lines and points, which provides an important research method for the description of geometry of sand bodies, sections and unconformities, the 3D geological modeling of complex tectonic areas, and the simulation of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation. Furthermore, we have advanced a 3D hydrocarbon migration pathway tracking method based on the hybrid-dimensional mesh of the carrier system. The application of this technology in western Luliang Uplift of Junggar Basin shows that the technology can effectively characterize the transport effect of fault planes, unconformities and sand bodies, indicate the hydrocarbon migration pathways, simulate the process of oil accumulation, reservoir adjustment and secondary reservoir formation, predict the hydrocarbon distribution. It is found through the simulation that the areas around the paleo-oil reservoir and covered by migration pathways are favorable sites for oil and gas distribution.
引文
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[7]钱赓,牛成民,杨波,等.渤海南部莱西构造带新近系油气优势输导体系[J].石油勘探与开发, 2016, 43(1):34-41, 50.QIAN Geng, NIU Chengmin, YANG Bo, et al. Hydrocarbon migration pathways in the Neogene of Laixi structural belt, southern Bohai Sea,China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2016, 43(1):34-41, 50.
[8] MENG X, DUAN Z, YANG Q, et al. Local PEBI grid generation method for reverse faults[J]. Computers and Geosciences, 2018, 110:78-80.
[9]李青元,张洛宜,曹代勇,等.三维地质建模的用途、现状、问题、趋势与建议[J].地质与勘探, 2016, 52(4):759-767.LI Qingyuan, ZHANG Luoyi, CAO Daiyong, et al. Usage, status,problems, rends and suggestions of 3D geological modeling[J].Geology and Exploration, 2016, 52(4):759-767.
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[11]张迪.三维地质建模技术在苏丹FNE油田综合地质研究中的应用[J].内蒙古石油化工, 2012(9):105-107.ZHANG Di. Application of 3D geological modeling technology for the FNE Oilfield in Sudan[J]. Inner Mengolia Petrochemical Industry,2012(9):105-107.
[12]杨永亮,庚琪.三维地质建模软件对比研究[J].石油工业计算机应用, 2008, 16(1):16-19.YANG Yongliang, GENG Qi. Comparative study Of 3D geologic modeling software[J]. Computer Applications of Petroleum, 2008,16(1):16-19.
[13]张洋洋,周万蓬,吴志春,等.三维地质建模技术发展现状及建模实例[J].东华理工大学学报(社会科学版), 2013, 32(3):403-409.ZHANG Yangyang, ZHOU Wanpeng, WU Zhichun, et al. The Development status of 3D geological modeling technology and modeling instances[J]. Journal of East China Institute of Technology,2013, 32(3):403-409.
[14]杨钦.限定Delaunay三角网格剖分技术[M].北京:北京电子工业出版社, 2005.YANG Qin. Limited delaunay triangulation technology[M]. Beijing:Beijing Publishing House of Electronics Industry, 2005.
[15]明镜.三维地质建模技术研究[J].地理与地理信息科学, 2011,27(4):14-18.MING Jing. A study on three-dimensional geological modeling[J].Geography and Geo-information Science, 2011, 27(4):14-18.
[16] WILKINSON D, WILLEMSEN J F. Invasion percolation:A new form of percolation theory[J]. Journal of Physics A, 1983, 16(14):3365-3376.
[17] MEAKIN P, WAGNER G, VEDVIK A, et al. Invasion percolation and secondary migration:Experiments and simulations[J]. Marine&Petroleum Geology, 2000, 17(7):777-795.
[18] CARRUTHERS D J, WIJNGAARDEN M D L V. Modelling viscous-dominated fluid transport using modified invasion percolation techniques[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 2000(69/70):669-672.
[19]周波,金之钧,罗晓容,等.尺度放大时逾渗模型中的油气运移路径变化规律探讨[J].石油与天然气地质, 2007, 28(2):175-180.ZHOU Bo, JIN Zhijun, LUO Xiaorong, et al. Changing patterns of hydrocarbon migration pathway in a up-scaling percolation model[J].Oil&Gas Geology, 2007, 28(2):175-180.
[20] HANTSCHEL T, KAUERAUF A I. Fundamentals of basin modeling and petroleum systems modeling[M]. Berlin:Springer-Verlag, 2009.
[21]石广仁.油气运聚定量模拟技术现状、问题及设想[J].石油与天然气地质, 2009, 30(1):1-10.SHI Guangren. Status, problems and proposals of the quantitative modeling techniques for hydrocarbon migration and accumulation[J].Oil&Gas Geology, 2009, 30(1):1-10.
[22]郭秋麟,杨文静,肖中尧,等.不整合面下缝洞岩体油气运聚模型[J].石油实验地质, 2013, 35(5):495-499.GUO Qiulin, YANG Wenjing, XIAO Zhongyao, et al. Hydrocarbon migration and accumulation model of fractured-vuggy reservoir under unconformity surface[J]. Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2013, 35(5):495-499.
[23] MELLO U T, RODRIGUES J R P, ROSSA A L. A control-volume finite element method for three-dimensional multiphase basin modeling[J]. Marine&Petroleum Geology, 2009, 26(4):504-518.
[24]郭秋麟,陈宁生,谢红兵,等.基于有限体积法的三维油气运聚模拟技术[J].石油勘探与开发, 2015, 42(6):817-825.GUO Qiulin, CHEN Ningsheng, XIE Hongbing, et al. Threedimensional hydrocarbon migration and accumulation modeling based on finite volume method[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2015, 42(6):817-825.
[25]郭秋麟,谢红兵,任洪佳,等.盆地与油气系统模拟[M].北京:石油工业出版社, 2018.GUO Qiulin, XIE Hongbing, REN Hongjia, et al. Basin and petroleum system modeling[M]. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2018.
[26] BAUR F, SCHEIRER A H, PETERS K E. Past, present, and future of basin and petroleum system modeling[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2018,102(4):549-561.
[27] CURRY D J. Future directions in basin and petroleum systems modeling:Building more useful models a survey of the community[DB/OL].(2017-12-20)[2018-07-12]. http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/aop/2017-12-20/aapgbltn17152aop.html?q=%2BtitleStr ip%3Apetroleum+titleStrip%3Asystems+%2BauthorStrip%3Acurry+authorStrip%3Ad+authorStrip%3Aj+%2ByearSort%3A%5B2017+TO+2018%5D+-isMeetingAbstract%3Amtgabsyes.
[28] DAVID E, MAXIMILIAN T. Implementation and evaluation of automated tetrahedral-prismatic mesh generation software[J]. ComputerAided Design, 2016, 72:118-129.
[29]陈建军,曹建,徐彦,等.适应复杂外形的三维粘性混合网格生成算法[J].计算力学学报, 2014, 31(3):363-370.CHEN Jianjun, CAO Jian, XU Yan, et al. Hybrid mesh generation algorithm for viscous computations of complex aerodynamics configurations[J]. Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics,2014, 31(3):363-370.
[30]汪攀,韩磊,鞠传命,等.一种基于子域分解的表面混合网格生成方法[J].中国机械工程, 2017, 28(6):683-688.WANG Pan, HAN Lei, JU Chuanming, et al. A new surface hybrid mesh generation method based on subdomain decomposition[J].Chinese Mechanic Energy, 2017, 28(6):683-688.
[31]李明诚.石油与天然气运移[M]. 4版.北京:石油工业出版社, 2013.LI Mingcheng. Oil and gas migration[M]. 4th ed. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press, 2013.
[32] YIELDING G, FREEMAN B, NEEDHAM D T. Quantitative fault seal prediction[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1997, 81(6):897-917.
[33]何登发,周路,吴晓智.准噶尔盆地古隆起形成演化与油气聚集[M].北京:石油工业出版社, 2012.HE Dengfa, ZHOU Lu, WU Xiaozhi. Formation and evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation of paleo-uplifts in Junggar Basin[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press, 2012.
[2]杨德彬,朱光有,苏劲,等.中国含油气盆地输导体系类型及其有效性评价[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版, 2011, 33(3):8-17.YANG Debin, ZHU Guangyou, SU Jin, et al. The passage system and effectiveness evaluation of oil and gas basin in China[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2011, 33(3):8-17.
[3]刘哲,张金功,任龙,等.油气输导体系研究进展[J].地下水,2013, 35(3):189-195.LIU Zhe, ZHANG Jingong, REN Long, et al. Progress in hydrocarbon migration system research[J]. Ground Water, 2013,35(3):189-195.
[4]林玉祥,孙宁富,郭凤霞,等.油气输导机制及输导体系定量评价研究[J].石油实验地质, 2015, 37(2):237-245.LIN Yuxiang, SUN Ningfu, GUO Fengxia, et al. Mechanism and quantitative evaluation method of the petroleum migration system[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment, 2015, 37(2):237-245.
[5]吴康军,刘洛夫,肖飞,等.准噶尔盆地车排子周缘油气输导体系特征及输导模式[J].中国矿业大学学报, 2015, 44(1):86-96.WU Kangjun, LIU Luofu, XIAO Fei, et al. Characteristics of the hydrocarbon pathway system and transport model of the Chepaizi and its surrounding areas in the Junggar Basin of China[J]. Journal of China University of Mining&Technology, 2015, 44(1):86-96.
[6]宋明水,赵乐强,宫亚军,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘超剥带圈闭含油气性量化评价[J].石油学报, 2016, 37(1):64-72.SONG Mingshui, ZHAO Leqiang, GONG Yajun, et al. Quantitative assessment on trap oil-bearing property in ultra-denudation zones at the northwestern margin of Junggar Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016, 37(1):64-72.
[7]钱赓,牛成民,杨波,等.渤海南部莱西构造带新近系油气优势输导体系[J].石油勘探与开发, 2016, 43(1):34-41, 50.QIAN Geng, NIU Chengmin, YANG Bo, et al. Hydrocarbon migration pathways in the Neogene of Laixi structural belt, southern Bohai Sea,China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2016, 43(1):34-41, 50.
[8] MENG X, DUAN Z, YANG Q, et al. Local PEBI grid generation method for reverse faults[J]. Computers and Geosciences, 2018, 110:78-80.
[9]李青元,张洛宜,曹代勇,等.三维地质建模的用途、现状、问题、趋势与建议[J].地质与勘探, 2016, 52(4):759-767.LI Qingyuan, ZHANG Luoyi, CAO Daiyong, et al. Usage, status,problems, rends and suggestions of 3D geological modeling[J].Geology and Exploration, 2016, 52(4):759-767.
[10] HOULDING S W. 3D Geo-science modeling:Computer techniques for geological characterization[M]. London:Springer-Verlag, 1993:1-2.
[11]张迪.三维地质建模技术在苏丹FNE油田综合地质研究中的应用[J].内蒙古石油化工, 2012(9):105-107.ZHANG Di. Application of 3D geological modeling technology for the FNE Oilfield in Sudan[J]. Inner Mengolia Petrochemical Industry,2012(9):105-107.
[12]杨永亮,庚琪.三维地质建模软件对比研究[J].石油工业计算机应用, 2008, 16(1):16-19.YANG Yongliang, GENG Qi. Comparative study Of 3D geologic modeling software[J]. Computer Applications of Petroleum, 2008,16(1):16-19.
[13]张洋洋,周万蓬,吴志春,等.三维地质建模技术发展现状及建模实例[J].东华理工大学学报(社会科学版), 2013, 32(3):403-409.ZHANG Yangyang, ZHOU Wanpeng, WU Zhichun, et al. The Development status of 3D geological modeling technology and modeling instances[J]. Journal of East China Institute of Technology,2013, 32(3):403-409.
[14]杨钦.限定Delaunay三角网格剖分技术[M].北京:北京电子工业出版社, 2005.YANG Qin. Limited delaunay triangulation technology[M]. Beijing:Beijing Publishing House of Electronics Industry, 2005.
[15]明镜.三维地质建模技术研究[J].地理与地理信息科学, 2011,27(4):14-18.MING Jing. A study on three-dimensional geological modeling[J].Geography and Geo-information Science, 2011, 27(4):14-18.
[16] WILKINSON D, WILLEMSEN J F. Invasion percolation:A new form of percolation theory[J]. Journal of Physics A, 1983, 16(14):3365-3376.
[17] MEAKIN P, WAGNER G, VEDVIK A, et al. Invasion percolation and secondary migration:Experiments and simulations[J]. Marine&Petroleum Geology, 2000, 17(7):777-795.
[18] CARRUTHERS D J, WIJNGAARDEN M D L V. Modelling viscous-dominated fluid transport using modified invasion percolation techniques[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 2000(69/70):669-672.
[19]周波,金之钧,罗晓容,等.尺度放大时逾渗模型中的油气运移路径变化规律探讨[J].石油与天然气地质, 2007, 28(2):175-180.ZHOU Bo, JIN Zhijun, LUO Xiaorong, et al. Changing patterns of hydrocarbon migration pathway in a up-scaling percolation model[J].Oil&Gas Geology, 2007, 28(2):175-180.
[20] HANTSCHEL T, KAUERAUF A I. Fundamentals of basin modeling and petroleum systems modeling[M]. Berlin:Springer-Verlag, 2009.
[21]石广仁.油气运聚定量模拟技术现状、问题及设想[J].石油与天然气地质, 2009, 30(1):1-10.SHI Guangren. Status, problems and proposals of the quantitative modeling techniques for hydrocarbon migration and accumulation[J].Oil&Gas Geology, 2009, 30(1):1-10.
[22]郭秋麟,杨文静,肖中尧,等.不整合面下缝洞岩体油气运聚模型[J].石油实验地质, 2013, 35(5):495-499.GUO Qiulin, YANG Wenjing, XIAO Zhongyao, et al. Hydrocarbon migration and accumulation model of fractured-vuggy reservoir under unconformity surface[J]. Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2013, 35(5):495-499.
[23] MELLO U T, RODRIGUES J R P, ROSSA A L. A control-volume finite element method for three-dimensional multiphase basin modeling[J]. Marine&Petroleum Geology, 2009, 26(4):504-518.
[24]郭秋麟,陈宁生,谢红兵,等.基于有限体积法的三维油气运聚模拟技术[J].石油勘探与开发, 2015, 42(6):817-825.GUO Qiulin, CHEN Ningsheng, XIE Hongbing, et al. Threedimensional hydrocarbon migration and accumulation modeling based on finite volume method[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2015, 42(6):817-825.
[25]郭秋麟,谢红兵,任洪佳,等.盆地与油气系统模拟[M].北京:石油工业出版社, 2018.GUO Qiulin, XIE Hongbing, REN Hongjia, et al. Basin and petroleum system modeling[M]. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2018.
[26] BAUR F, SCHEIRER A H, PETERS K E. Past, present, and future of basin and petroleum system modeling[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2018,102(4):549-561.
[27] CURRY D J. Future directions in basin and petroleum systems modeling:Building more useful models a survey of the community[DB/OL].(2017-12-20)[2018-07-12]. http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/aop/2017-12-20/aapgbltn17152aop.html?q=%2BtitleStr ip%3Apetroleum+titleStrip%3Asystems+%2BauthorStrip%3Acurry+authorStrip%3Ad+authorStrip%3Aj+%2ByearSort%3A%5B2017+TO+2018%5D+-isMeetingAbstract%3Amtgabsyes.
[28] DAVID E, MAXIMILIAN T. Implementation and evaluation of automated tetrahedral-prismatic mesh generation software[J]. ComputerAided Design, 2016, 72:118-129.
[29]陈建军,曹建,徐彦,等.适应复杂外形的三维粘性混合网格生成算法[J].计算力学学报, 2014, 31(3):363-370.CHEN Jianjun, CAO Jian, XU Yan, et al. Hybrid mesh generation algorithm for viscous computations of complex aerodynamics configurations[J]. Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics,2014, 31(3):363-370.
[30]汪攀,韩磊,鞠传命,等.一种基于子域分解的表面混合网格生成方法[J].中国机械工程, 2017, 28(6):683-688.WANG Pan, HAN Lei, JU Chuanming, et al. A new surface hybrid mesh generation method based on subdomain decomposition[J].Chinese Mechanic Energy, 2017, 28(6):683-688.
[31]李明诚.石油与天然气运移[M]. 4版.北京:石油工业出版社, 2013.LI Mingcheng. Oil and gas migration[M]. 4th ed. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press, 2013.
[32] YIELDING G, FREEMAN B, NEEDHAM D T. Quantitative fault seal prediction[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1997, 81(6):897-917.
[33]何登发,周路,吴晓智.准噶尔盆地古隆起形成演化与油气聚集[M].北京:石油工业出版社, 2012.HE Dengfa, ZHOU Lu, WU Xiaozhi. Formation and evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation of paleo-uplifts in Junggar Basin[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press, 2012.