库车前陆冲断带横断层发育特征及其形成机制
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摘要
横断层是指走向与主构造走向线直交或大角度相交的伴生断层,在冲断带中普遍存在且具有一定的研究意义。库车前陆逆冲带是中亚地区典型的逆冲褶皱带,是经历多期构造形成的再生前陆盆地,具备发育横断层的构造基础。结合前人资料,通过对地貌遥感影像、深部物理资料以及地震勘探等资料的分析解译,对库车前陆冲断带的横断层构造特征、形成机制以及地质意义进行了探讨。通过研究发现:(1)库车前陆冲断带存在16条主要横断层(组),其中9条横断层结构及性质确定,总体来看主要分布在北部单斜带、克拉苏构造带以及秋里塔格构造带;(2)依照形成机制,研究区横断层可以分为基底断裂活化型走滑横断层、盖层撕裂型走滑横断层以及盐上张性横断层三大类;(3)横断层在调节冲断带不同段逆冲差异、横向河流发育、丰富构造样式以及控制油气运移等方面具有一定的地质意义。
Transverse faults are widespread in the thrust belt,and the study of these faults is significant and valuable. Having experienced multi-episodic tectonic changes, the Kuqa thrust belt has had the structural foundation of developing transverse faults.In combination with the remote sensing image, deep geophysical data and seismic section analysis,the authors studied the tectonic characteristics and genetic types of transverse faults in the Kuqa thrust belt. Some conclusions have been reached:(1) There are 16 transverse faults in the Kuqa thrust belt, with structure and properties of nine faults being confirmed. These transverse faults aremainly distributed in northern monocline tectonic zone, Kelasu tectonic zone and Qiulitag tectonic zone;(2) Transverse faults can be divided into three genetic types, i.e., basement activation transverse fault, cover-tear fault and tensional transverse fault;(3)Transverse faults have some geological significance in adjusting the thrust displacement difference between segments, developing transverse rivers, enriching structural styles and controlling oil and gas migration.
Transverse faults are widespread in the thrust belt,and the study of these faults is significant and valuable. Having experienced multi-episodic tectonic changes, the Kuqa thrust belt has had the structural foundation of developing transverse faults.In combination with the remote sensing image, deep geophysical data and seismic section analysis,the authors studied the tectonic characteristics and genetic types of transverse faults in the Kuqa thrust belt. Some conclusions have been reached:(1) There are 16 transverse faults in the Kuqa thrust belt, with structure and properties of nine faults being confirmed. These transverse faults aremainly distributed in northern monocline tectonic zone, Kelasu tectonic zone and Qiulitag tectonic zone;(2) Transverse faults can be divided into three genetic types, i.e., basement activation transverse fault, cover-tear fault and tensional transverse fault;(3)Transverse faults have some geological significance in adjusting the thrust displacement difference between segments, developing transverse rivers, enriching structural styles and controlling oil and gas migration.
引文
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Tang Pengcheng,Li Shiqin,Lei Ganglin,Huang Shaoying.2012.Characteristics and formation of salt structures in Baicheng Sag,Kuqa Fold-and-Thrust Belt[J].Earth Science--Journal of China University of Geoscience,37(1):69-76+92(in Chinese with English abstract).
Tang Pengcheng,Wang Xin,Xie Huiwen,Lei Ganglin,Huang Shaoying.2010.The quele aera of the Kuqa Depression,Tarim Basin,NW China:Cenozoic salt structures,evolution and controlling factors[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,84(12):1736-1745(in Chinese with English abstract).
Tao Guoliang,Hu Wenxuan,Zhang Yijie,Cao Jian,Zhang Yueqian Gao,Xiaokang.2006.NW-trending transverse faults and hydrocarbon accumulation in the northwestern margin of Junggar Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,(4):23-28(in Chinese with English abstract).
Tian Zuoji,Song Jianguo.1999.Tertiary structure characteristics and evolution of Kuqa foreland basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,20(4):7-13(in Chinese).
Wang Weifeng,Qing Yanbin,Zhu Chuanhua,Shan Xinjian.2014.New view points of the seismogenic mechanism of Wenchuan and Lushan Earthquake under the action of transverse fault[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,36(3):102-112(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Xiepei,Yan Junjun.1995.Structural framework of major fault faults in northern Tarim basin,Xinjiang[J].Earth Science--Journal of China University of Geosciences,(3):237-242(in Chinese).
Wang Zhigang,Li Lin.1996.Geological remote sensing for the transverse structures in Tianshan Area[J].Remote Sensing of Environment China,(4):273-279(in Chinese).
Wu Xiaozhi,Li Baihua,Lv Xiuxiang,Xie Huiwen,Liu Zhigang.2010.Strike-slip fault system in Kuqa Foreland Basin and its control on hydrocarbon[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,31(2):118-121(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xu Hanqiu,Tang Fei.2013.Analysis of new characteristics of the first Landsat 8 image and their ecoenvironmental significance[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,(11):3249-3257(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xu Wenyao,Bai Chunhua,Kang Guofa.2008.Global models of the Earth's crust magnetic anomalies[J].Progress in Geophysics,23(3):641-651(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xu Duonian,Wang Weifeng,Qiu Yibo,Xin Ye,Guo Jiangang.2007.Characteristics and origin of structural accommodation zone in Wu-Xia Area,Junggar Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,28(4):410-412(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yang Minghui,Jin Zhijun,LüXiuxiang,Sun Dongsheng,Peng Gengxin,Lei Gangli.2006.Eastern Qiulitag displacement transfer structure and its evolution the Kuqa Fold-Thrust Belt,Tarim Basin:Discuss concurrently the trap-forming of lateral ramprelated anticline[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,80(3):321-329(in Chinese with English abstract)
Yassaghi A,Naeimi A.2011.Structural analysis of the Gachsar subzone in central Alborz range;constrain for inversion tectonics followed by the range transverse faulting[J].International Journal of Earth Sciences,100(6):1237-1249.
Yu Yixin.2006.The Salt-Related Structures and Their Formation Mechanisms in the Qiulitag Structural Belt,Kuqa Depression[D].Beijing:China University of Petroleum,(in Chinese).
Yuan Xiaoxiang.2011.Multi-source Remote Sensing Data Application in Information Extraction of Active Tectonics[D].Beijing:Institute of Earthquake Science,China Earthquake Administration(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zanchi A,D'Adda P,Zanchetta S,Berra,F.2012.Syn-thrust deformation across a transverse zone:the Grem-Vedra fault system(central Southern Alps,N Italy)[J].Swiss Journal of Geosciences,105(1):19-38.
Zeng Qingquan,Kong Fanshu,Zheng Li,Ji Liansheng,Jiang Wenbo.2003.Views on gravomagnetic and electric exploration in Kuqa foreland basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,24(3):28-33(in Chinese).
Zhang Jiasheng,He Zixin,Fei Anq,Li Tianbin,Huang Xiongnan.2008.Epicontinental mega thrust and nappe system at north segment of the western rim of the Ordos Block[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,43(2):251-281(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Chuanyin,Guo Chunxi,Chen Junyong,Zhang Liming,Wang Bin.2009.EGM 2008 and its application analysis in Chinese Mainland[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,38(4):283-289(in Chinese with English abstract).
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