新疆铁路沿线前百公里风区大风特征统计分析
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摘要
基于2015—2017年新疆铁路沿线17个大风监测站的逐时观测资料,分析了南疆线前百公里风区的大风时空分布特征,并与著名的百里风区代表站十三间房气象站进行对比分析,结果表明:前百公里风区通常是指新疆著名的三十里风区和百里风区外又一强风区带,风速强劲,大风历时长,其间以铁泉西至三个泉大桥区段风速最大,代表站三个泉大桥瞬间极大风速比十三间房气象站平均大12.2 m/s;前百公里风区平均风速季节变化规律为夏季>春季>秋季>冬季;5月达到月均风速的最大值,1月为最小值;平均风速日变化呈单峰形式变化。大风情况下前百公里风区沿线主导风向较稳定,为NW(西北风)至N(北风)之间。风区中铁路沿线呈东北—西南走向,正好与大风的主导风向相正交,形成横风,对列车运行可产生较大的危害。
Based on the hourly observation data of 17 gale monitoring stations along the Xinjiang railway during 2015-2017,the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the strong winds in the front 100-kilometers wind area of the southern Xinjiang line were analyzed,and was compared with the Shisanjianfang representative stations of the 100-kilometers wind areas. The results show as follows: the front 100-kilometers wind area was another strong wind zone besides the Sanshili wind zone and the 100-kilometers wind zone in Xinjiang. The wind speed was strong and the strong wind last long in the front 100-kilometers wind area. The wind speed was the largest from the West Tiequan to the Sangequan bridge section. The instantaneous maximum wind speed of the Sangequan bridge was12.2 m/s larger than that of the Shisanjianfang weather station. The seasonal variation of the average wind speed in the front 100-kilometers wind area wind zone changed in following way: summer >spring >autumn >winter; its the maximum monthly mean wind speed appeared in May, and the minimum appeared in January. The average daily wind speed changed in a single peak form. In the case of strong winds,the dominant wind direction along the its wind zone was relatively stable,between NW(northwest wind) and N(north wind). However,the railway along the northeast-southwest direction of the wind tunnel was just orthogonal to the dominant wind direction of the strong wind,forming a crosswind,which could cause greater damage to the train operation.
Based on the hourly observation data of 17 gale monitoring stations along the Xinjiang railway during 2015-2017,the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the strong winds in the front 100-kilometers wind area of the southern Xinjiang line were analyzed,and was compared with the Shisanjianfang representative stations of the 100-kilometers wind areas. The results show as follows: the front 100-kilometers wind area was another strong wind zone besides the Sanshili wind zone and the 100-kilometers wind zone in Xinjiang. The wind speed was strong and the strong wind last long in the front 100-kilometers wind area. The wind speed was the largest from the West Tiequan to the Sangequan bridge section. The instantaneous maximum wind speed of the Sangequan bridge was12.2 m/s larger than that of the Shisanjianfang weather station. The seasonal variation of the average wind speed in the front 100-kilometers wind area wind zone changed in following way: summer >spring >autumn >winter; its the maximum monthly mean wind speed appeared in May, and the minimum appeared in January. The average daily wind speed changed in a single peak form. In the case of strong winds,the dominant wind direction along the its wind zone was relatively stable,between NW(northwest wind) and N(north wind). However,the railway along the northeast-southwest direction of the wind tunnel was just orthogonal to the dominant wind direction of the strong wind,forming a crosswind,which could cause greater damage to the train operation.
引文
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[3]马媛媛,杨毅,胡小明,等.WRF中三种边界层参数化方案对新疆2.28大风过程模拟的对比分析[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2014,8(3):8-18.
[4]阿尼尔·卡拉帕,道然·加帕依.东疆大风的统计分析[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2008,2(3):41-43.
[5]李红军,赵勇,霍文,等.新疆“百里、三十里风区”铁路沿线设计风速研究[C].城市与气候变化论文集,2012:84-89.
[6]唐士晟,史永革,张小勇.新疆铁路百里风区大风特征统计分析[J].铁道技术监督,2011,39(1):36-40.
[7]肉孜·阿基,阿不力米提江阿布力克木,李如琦,等.乌鲁木齐一次强东南大风天气成因分析[J].干旱气象,2015,33(3):474-480.
[8]周贺玲,张绍恢,杨艳.河北廊坊雷暴大风的气候特征[J].干旱气象,2014,32(4):588-592.
[9]何清,杨兴华,艾力.西北风沙起蚀观测试验及其研究进展[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2012,6(3):1-7.
[10]王敏仲,何清,魏文寿,等.新疆百里风区大风天气的风廓线雷达资料分析[J],沙漠与绿洲气象,2012,6(4):52-59.
[11]戴湘艳,周鸿奎,陈永川.托克逊大风的气候特征分析[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2012,12(6):27-29.
[12]霍文,杨青,何清,等.新疆大风区沙尘暴气候特征分析[J].干旱区地理,2011,34(5):753-761.
[13]陈胜,辛渝.新疆阿拉山口地区大风气候特征[J].新疆气象,2005,28(3):12-13.
[14]潘新民,祝学范,黄智强,等.新疆百里风区地形与大风的关系[J].气象,2012,38(2):124-128.
[15]万瑜,曹兴,窦新英,等.ECMWF细网格数值预报产品在乌鲁木齐东南大风预报中的释用[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2014,8(1):32-38.
[16]张辉.防灾安全监控系统中的大风监测与预警[J].铁道通讯信号,2009,45(3):50-52.
[17]马淑红,马韫娟.瞬时风速对高速列车安全运行的影响及其控制[J].铁道工程学报,2009(1):11-16.
[18]马韫娟,马淑红,李振山,等.我国客运专线高速列车安全运行大风预警系统研究[J].铁道工程学报,2009(7):43-47.