清水江下司段浮游植物组成及水质分析
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摘要
为了解清水江下司段的水质状况,2015年5～7月对清水江下司河段的浮游植物进行了调查,并检测了水体的理化参数.结果表明:清水江下司段共发现浮游植物7门42属57种,其中绿藻门最多,占种类组成的35. 09%;蓝藻门10属14种,占24. 56%;黄藻门3属7种,占12. 28%;硅藻门8属9种,占隐藻门2属2种,各占3. 51%;裸藻门1属3种,占5. 26%.浮游植物密度为5. 3×10~4～15. 0×10~4ind./L.浮游植物生物多样性指数Shannon-Wiener指数(H)、Pielou指数(J)和Margal指数(D)的平均值分别为2. 89、0. 52和3. 07. 3个多样性指数对采样点的评价结果略有不同,综合评价结果为:中游样点水质属β-中污型,其余各样点属清洁-寡污型.下司河段水体的理化参数:p H均大于7,溶解氧(DO)范围为6. 563～8. 008 mg/L,TP含量基本保持稳定,氨氮呈现上升走势并且在下游样点处达到最大值,硝酸盐氮范围为4. 9～6. 6 mg/L.
In order to know about the present situation of Xiasi Reaches of Qingshui River,the phytoplankton was investigated and physical and chemical parameters of water were detected from May to July in 2015. The result showed that the phytoplankton included 57 species belong to 42 generas in 7 phylums. Chlorophyta was the most,which accounted for 35. 09% of the total species; Cyanophyta were 14 species belong to 10 generas,accounting for 24. 56%; Xanthophyta were 7 species belong to 3 generas,accounting for 12. 28%; Diatoms were 9 species belong to 8 generas, accounting for15. 59%; Chrysophyta and Cryptophyta were 2 species belong to 2 generas,each species accounted for3. 51%; Euglenophyta were 3 species,accounting for 5. 26%. Phytoplankton's density range was 5. 3× 10~4～ 15. 0 × 10~4 ind./L. The average values of Shannon-Wiener index( H),Pielou index( J) and Margal index( D) of Phytoplankton's biodiversity index were 2. 89,0. 52 and 3. 07. Diversity index evaluation results of the three sampling points were slightly different. Combinating three phytoplankton's biodiversity index,water in upper reaches of the river site was polluted,belong to β-Moderately type.The water in Aand lower reaches of the river site were polluted mildly than middle reaches of the river site,belong to clean-Oligosaprobic type. The physical and chemical parameters of Xiasi Reaches of Qingshui River: pH > 7,DO ranged from 6. 563 mg/L to 8. 008 mg/L. TP kept stable. Ammonia showed going up,and the maximum value occurred in C site. Nitrate ranged from 4. 9 mg/L to 6. 6 mg/L.
In order to know about the present situation of Xiasi Reaches of Qingshui River,the phytoplankton was investigated and physical and chemical parameters of water were detected from May to July in 2015. The result showed that the phytoplankton included 57 species belong to 42 generas in 7 phylums. Chlorophyta was the most,which accounted for 35. 09% of the total species; Cyanophyta were 14 species belong to 10 generas,accounting for 24. 56%; Xanthophyta were 7 species belong to 3 generas,accounting for 12. 28%; Diatoms were 9 species belong to 8 generas, accounting for15. 59%; Chrysophyta and Cryptophyta were 2 species belong to 2 generas,each species accounted for3. 51%; Euglenophyta were 3 species,accounting for 5. 26%. Phytoplankton's density range was 5. 3× 10~4～ 15. 0 × 10~4 ind./L. The average values of Shannon-Wiener index( H),Pielou index( J) and Margal index( D) of Phytoplankton's biodiversity index were 2. 89,0. 52 and 3. 07. Diversity index evaluation results of the three sampling points were slightly different. Combinating three phytoplankton's biodiversity index,water in upper reaches of the river site was polluted,belong to β-Moderately type.The water in Aand lower reaches of the river site were polluted mildly than middle reaches of the river site,belong to clean-Oligosaprobic type. The physical and chemical parameters of Xiasi Reaches of Qingshui River: pH > 7,DO ranged from 6. 563 mg/L to 8. 008 mg/L. TP kept stable. Ammonia showed going up,and the maximum value occurred in C site. Nitrate ranged from 4. 9 mg/L to 6. 6 mg/L.
引文
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[2]KHAN T A. Limnology of four saline lakes in western Victoria,Australia[J]. Limnologica,2003(33):327-339.
[3]FATHI A A,ABEDLZAHER HMA,FLOWER R J,et al.Phytoplankton communities of North Afican wetland lakes:the CASSARINA P roject[J]. Aquatic Ecology,2001(35):303-318.
[4]李晓波.滴水湖浮游植物群落结构变化[D].上海:上海师范大学,2009.
[5]柴毅,彭婷,郭坤,等. 2012年夏季长湖浮游植物群落特征及其与环境因子的关系[J].植物生态学报,2014,38(8):857-867.
[6]聂瑜.于桥水库浮游植物群落特征及富营养化现状研究[D].天津:天津科技大学,2016.
[7]郝媛媛.黑河流域浮游植物群落特征与环境因子的关系研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2013.
[8]陈立婧,张薇,边佳胤,等. 2012年小洋山近岸水域浮游植物群落结构的特征[J].上海海洋大学学报,2014,23(3):395-402.