金伯利岩的发现与研究
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摘要
过去的150年,金刚石的价格扶摇直上,彩色钻戒拍卖过亿的记录屡见不鲜。世界金刚石总产量接近1.3亿克拉,然而中国在发现金刚石大矿上始终没有突破。山东临沂和湖南常德都有金刚石出土的记录,面临着挑战,在寻找金刚石矿上要遵循科学态度稳步推进。论文对金伯利岩、金刚石、世界金刚石矿山、寻找金刚石矿的步骤和中国金伯利岩发现与研究现状进行了总结。
The price of diamond has been going up to unbelievably high in the last 150 years and especially the color diamond rings to hundred million yuan through auctions. The production amount worldwide is close to 1.3 hundred million, but no significant diamondiferous kimberlite has been found in China. Curiously, diamonds come out everywhere in Linyi, Shandong and Changde, Hunan, which challenges and burdens us a lot. We need to approach to discover it one step by step in scientific way. This paper summaries kimberlite, diamond, kimberlite deposits in the world, steps of discovering kimberlite, and situation in China on discovering and researching diamondiferous kimberlite.
The price of diamond has been going up to unbelievably high in the last 150 years and especially the color diamond rings to hundred million yuan through auctions. The production amount worldwide is close to 1.3 hundred million, but no significant diamondiferous kimberlite has been found in China. Curiously, diamonds come out everywhere in Linyi, Shandong and Changde, Hunan, which challenges and burdens us a lot. We need to approach to discover it one step by step in scientific way. This paper summaries kimberlite, diamond, kimberlite deposits in the world, steps of discovering kimberlite, and situation in China on discovering and researching diamondiferous kimberlite.
引文
[1]FRANCIS D,PATTERSON M.Kimberlites and aillikites as probes of the continental lithospheric mantle[J].Lithos,2008,109(1-2):72-80.
[2]NIXON P H.Kimberlites,Orangeites,Related Rocks[J].Mineralogical Magazine,1996,60(400):538-539.
[3]MITCHELL R H.Kimberlites[M].New York:Springer-Verlag,1986.
[4]BARNETT W,JELSMA H,WATKEYS M,et al.How Structure and Stress Influence Kimberlite Emplacement[C]//Proceedings of 10th International Kimberlite Conference.Springer India,2013.
[5]HAWTHORNE J B.Model of a kimberlite pipe.Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,1975(9):1-15.
[6]BERGMAN S C.Lamproites and other Potassium-rich igneous rocks:a review of their occurrence,mineralogy and geochemistry[M]//Alkaline Igneous Rocks.London:Special Publications,1987.
[7]WOOLEY A R,BERGMAN S C,EDGAR AD,et al.Classification of lamprophyres,lamproites,kimberlites,and the kalsilitic,melilitic,and leucitic rocks[J].Canadian Mineralogist,1996,34(2):175-186.
[8]MITCHELL R H,Bergman S C.Petrology of Lamproites[M].New York:Plenum Press,1991.
[9]宋瑞祥.中国金刚石矿[M].北京:中国地质出版社,2013.
[10]FIELD M,SCOTT SMITH B H.Contrasting geology and nearsurface emplacement of kimberlites in southern Africa and Canada[C]//Proceedings of the VIIth International Kimberlite Conference,South Africa,1999:214-237.
[11]董斌,陈明珊,肖湘辉.湖南原生金刚石成矿地质背景及找矿方向[J].矿床地质,2006,25(S1):337-340.
[12]VAVILOV V S.The properties of natural and synthetic diamond[J].Physics-Uspekhi,1992,36(11):1083-1084.
[13]HAZEN R M,BUNDY F P.The Diamond Makers[J].Physics Today,2000,53(11):58-59.
[14]KOIZUMI S,NEBEL C,NESLADEK M.Physics and Applications of CVD Diamond[M].Wiley,2008.
[15]COLLINS A T.Synthetic diamond:Emerging CVD science and technology[J].Chemical Vapor Deposition,1995,1(1):33.
[16]WELBOURN C.Identification of Synthetic Diamonds:Present Status and Future Developments[J].Gems and Gemology,2006,42(3):34-35.
[17]YARNELL,AMANDA.THE Many Facets of Man-Made Diamonds[J].Chemical&Engineering News,2004,82(5):26-31.
[2]NIXON P H.Kimberlites,Orangeites,Related Rocks[J].Mineralogical Magazine,1996,60(400):538-539.
[3]MITCHELL R H.Kimberlites[M].New York:Springer-Verlag,1986.
[4]BARNETT W,JELSMA H,WATKEYS M,et al.How Structure and Stress Influence Kimberlite Emplacement[C]//Proceedings of 10th International Kimberlite Conference.Springer India,2013.
[5]HAWTHORNE J B.Model of a kimberlite pipe.Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,1975(9):1-15.
[6]BERGMAN S C.Lamproites and other Potassium-rich igneous rocks:a review of their occurrence,mineralogy and geochemistry[M]//Alkaline Igneous Rocks.London:Special Publications,1987.
[7]WOOLEY A R,BERGMAN S C,EDGAR AD,et al.Classification of lamprophyres,lamproites,kimberlites,and the kalsilitic,melilitic,and leucitic rocks[J].Canadian Mineralogist,1996,34(2):175-186.
[8]MITCHELL R H,Bergman S C.Petrology of Lamproites[M].New York:Plenum Press,1991.
[9]宋瑞祥.中国金刚石矿[M].北京:中国地质出版社,2013.
[10]FIELD M,SCOTT SMITH B H.Contrasting geology and nearsurface emplacement of kimberlites in southern Africa and Canada[C]//Proceedings of the VIIth International Kimberlite Conference,South Africa,1999:214-237.
[11]董斌,陈明珊,肖湘辉.湖南原生金刚石成矿地质背景及找矿方向[J].矿床地质,2006,25(S1):337-340.
[12]VAVILOV V S.The properties of natural and synthetic diamond[J].Physics-Uspekhi,1992,36(11):1083-1084.
[13]HAZEN R M,BUNDY F P.The Diamond Makers[J].Physics Today,2000,53(11):58-59.
[14]KOIZUMI S,NEBEL C,NESLADEK M.Physics and Applications of CVD Diamond[M].Wiley,2008.
[15]COLLINS A T.Synthetic diamond:Emerging CVD science and technology[J].Chemical Vapor Deposition,1995,1(1):33.
[16]WELBOURN C.Identification of Synthetic Diamonds:Present Status and Future Developments[J].Gems and Gemology,2006,42(3):34-35.
[17]YARNELL,AMANDA.THE Many Facets of Man-Made Diamonds[J].Chemical&Engineering News,2004,82(5):26-31.