基于强度折减法的大型露天矿东端帮稳定性分析
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摘要
拟建大型露天镍钴矿区,东西长1 670m,采深一般在300m以上,最高边坡高度超过600m。根据边坡不同位置的边坡高度、工程地质岩组分布特征、各岩组岩石质量等级、边坡面倾向与各岩体优势结构面的关系、边坡岩体完整程度等多项指标将边坡分为五个区。为研究该大型露天矿高陡边坡稳定性与开挖坡角及地下水位的关系,本文在考虑地下水位以上的岩土体饱和度变化的前提下,结合夏日哈木镍钴矿区高陡边坡实际工况,通过有限元软件ABAQUS和抗剪强度折减法模拟计算得到不同开采坡角的边坡稳定系数与地下水位的关系,从而确定出同一水位下的最小开采坡角,以及不同开采坡角下的最高地下水位。最终对本研究结果的分析得到开采坡角及地下水位对高陡边坡稳定性的重要性,并对该露天矿东端帮开挖提出了一系列建议,该研究对该露天矿的其他区域以及周围相似工程的开挖具有重要的借鉴意义。
The proposed open-pit mine has a length of 1 670 m,and the mining depth is generally over300 m,and the highest slope is over 600 m,which is an important project.According to the slope height of different position,slope engineering geological petrofabric distribution characteristics,the rock groups of rock quality grade and slope surface tendency with the advantage of rock mass structure,degree of slope rock mass complete several indexes such as the relationship between the slope is divided into five areas.In order to study the relationship between the stability of the high slope and the excavation slope angle of the large open-pit mine,and the relation between its stability and the groundwater level,this paper that combined with the high and steep slope in the Xiarihamu Ni-Co mining area determine the minimum mining slope angle under the same water level and the highest groundwater level under different mining slope angles for the east end slope of the large open-pit mine on the premise of considering the change of rock mass saturation above the groundwater level.The above results are obtained based on the relationship between slope stability coefficient and groundwater level under different mining slope angles which calculate by finite element software ABAQUS and shear strength reduction method.Finally,the analysis of the results about this study obtains the importance of the mining slope angle and groundwater level to the stability of high and steep slopes,and puts forward a series of suggestions for excavating the eastern end of the large open-pit mine.At the same time,this study is of great significance for the excavation of other areas and surrounding similar projects.
The proposed open-pit mine has a length of 1 670 m,and the mining depth is generally over300 m,and the highest slope is over 600 m,which is an important project.According to the slope height of different position,slope engineering geological petrofabric distribution characteristics,the rock groups of rock quality grade and slope surface tendency with the advantage of rock mass structure,degree of slope rock mass complete several indexes such as the relationship between the slope is divided into five areas.In order to study the relationship between the stability of the high slope and the excavation slope angle of the large open-pit mine,and the relation between its stability and the groundwater level,this paper that combined with the high and steep slope in the Xiarihamu Ni-Co mining area determine the minimum mining slope angle under the same water level and the highest groundwater level under different mining slope angles for the east end slope of the large open-pit mine on the premise of considering the change of rock mass saturation above the groundwater level.The above results are obtained based on the relationship between slope stability coefficient and groundwater level under different mining slope angles which calculate by finite element software ABAQUS and shear strength reduction method.Finally,the analysis of the results about this study obtains the importance of the mining slope angle and groundwater level to the stability of high and steep slopes,and puts forward a series of suggestions for excavating the eastern end of the large open-pit mine.At the same time,this study is of great significance for the excavation of other areas and surrounding similar projects.
引文
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[10]刘晁君,王利楠.某露天矿含空区边坡稳定性分析[J].中国矿业,2017,26(6):121-126.LIU Chaojun,WANG Linan.Analysis of stability of slope with goafs in an open-pit mine[J].China Mining Magazine,2017,26(6):121-126.
[11]费康,彭劼.ABAQUS岩土工程实例详解[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2017:197-274.
[12]赵炼恒,曹景源,唐高朋,等.基于双强度折减策略的边坡稳定性分析方法探讨[J].岩土力学,2014,35(10):2977-2984.ZHAO Lianheng,CAO Jingyuan,TANG Gaopeng,et al.Discussion on slope stability analysis with double strength reduction technique[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(10):2977-2984.
[2]杨天鸿,张锋春,于庆磊,等.露天矿高陡边坡稳定性研究现状及发展趋势[J].岩土力学,2011,32(5):1437-1451.YANG Tianhong,ZHANG Fengchun,YU Qinglei,et al.Research situation of open-pit mining high and steep slope stability and its developing trend[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(5):1437-1451.
[3]刘福明,才庆祥,周伟,等.露天矿排土场边坡降水入渗规律试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(7):1535-1540.LIU Fuming,CAI Qingxiang,ZHOU Wei,et al.Experimental study on the rainfall infiltration rule in the dump slope of surface mines[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(7):1535-1540.
[4]张耀光.地下水环境变化对岩质边坡稳定性影响的分析[D].大连:辽宁师范大学,2016.
[5]王三建.岩体剪切强度特征及强度折减方法研究[J].山西建筑,2018,17(34):117-118.WANG Sanjian.Characteristics of shear strength of rock mass and study on strength reduction method[J].Shanxi Architecture,2018,17(34):117-118.
[6]黄奥敦.某露天矿采场边坡稳定性分析应用研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2015.
[7]弗雷德隆德D G,拉哈尔佐H,陈仲颐.非饱和土力学[M].张在明,陈愈炯,等译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1997:126-146.
[8]住房和城乡建设部,国家质量监督检验检疫总局.建筑抗震设计规范:GB 50011-2010[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.
[9]住房和城乡建设部,国家质量监督检验检疫总局.非煤露天矿边坡工程技术规范:GB 51016-2014[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2014.
[10]刘晁君,王利楠.某露天矿含空区边坡稳定性分析[J].中国矿业,2017,26(6):121-126.LIU Chaojun,WANG Linan.Analysis of stability of slope with goafs in an open-pit mine[J].China Mining Magazine,2017,26(6):121-126.
[11]费康,彭劼.ABAQUS岩土工程实例详解[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2017:197-274.
[12]赵炼恒,曹景源,唐高朋,等.基于双强度折减策略的边坡稳定性分析方法探讨[J].岩土力学,2014,35(10):2977-2984.ZHAO Lianheng,CAO Jingyuan,TANG Gaopeng,et al.Discussion on slope stability analysis with double strength reduction technique[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(10):2977-2984.