单原子催化剂的研究进展
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摘要
单原子催化剂兼具均相催化剂的活性中心和多相催化剂结构稳定易分离的特点,是实现统一的"大"催化理论非常重要的突破口。由于其优越的催化性能在工业催化中具有巨大的应用潜力。基于"单原子催化"概念提出以来国内外单原子催化剂的研究进展,以不同的活性组分进行分类对单原子催化剂进行归纳总结。系统地介绍了单原子催化剂的制备方法以及应用研究进展,并展望了单原子催化剂的发展前景,以期对于进一步构筑具有特定结构和催化功能的单原子催化剂的研究起到积极的促进作用。
Single-atom catalysts( SACs) have active centers similar to homogeneous catalysts and stable structure with easy separation characteristics as heterogeneous catalysts. So the development of SACs is considered as an important break through,which might make an appearance of unitive theory in catalysis. And SACs also provide vast opportunities for applications in industrial catalytic reactions due to their predominant performances. In this review,the recent progress in the field of SACs is summarized. The preparation and application of SACs are introduced with the analysis on the influences of the specific electronic structure of SACs on catalytic performance and reaction mechanism. The advantages and the shortages of SACs systems are also emphasized. Finally,the prospects of SACs in the future are proposed. It is hopeful that this review can provide a sophisticated pathway for further designing fascinating structure and practical SACs based on catalytic reaction.
Single-atom catalysts( SACs) have active centers similar to homogeneous catalysts and stable structure with easy separation characteristics as heterogeneous catalysts. So the development of SACs is considered as an important break through,which might make an appearance of unitive theory in catalysis. And SACs also provide vast opportunities for applications in industrial catalytic reactions due to their predominant performances. In this review,the recent progress in the field of SACs is summarized. The preparation and application of SACs are introduced with the analysis on the influences of the specific electronic structure of SACs on catalytic performance and reaction mechanism. The advantages and the shortages of SACs systems are also emphasized. Finally,the prospects of SACs in the future are proposed. It is hopeful that this review can provide a sophisticated pathway for further designing fascinating structure and practical SACs based on catalytic reaction.
引文
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