人群群组虚实活动轨迹的对比分析
|
摘要
人群在虚实场景中的时空行为特征与异同是虚拟地理实验的一个研究热点。该文以大型商场局部双向通道为例,在考虑人群群组活动的情况下,设计了基于PC与VR一体机两种终端设备的协同虚拟地理实验,并从群组轨迹间距离和群组运动偏向角差两方面,同现实场景下的人群活动轨迹采集数据进行可视化对比分析。分析结果表明:相比于现实人群活动轨迹采集数据,基于PC端和VR一体机端的协同虚拟地理实验数据,在人群群组的活动轨迹上存在明显的差异,降低了人群的群组性;同时,相比于PC端,基于VR一体机端的协同虚拟地理实验,在人群的群组性上有一定程度的提高。最后结合对比分析结果,分析了造成协同虚拟地理实验中人群群组性降低的原因,以及相比于PC端,使用VR一体机进行协同虚拟地理实验的优势。
The similarities and differences of crowd space-time behaviors in real scenes and virtual scenes are the key research hotspots in virtual geographic experiments.This paper takes a large shopping mall with bi-directional channels as an example.Considering social groups,a collaborative virtual geographic experiment based on two types of terminal devices,PC and all-in-one VR helmet,has been designed and carried out.Then the data of crowd trajectories in the virtual scene have been compared to the data in the real scene from the two aspects:the distance between group trajectories and the angular deviation of group movement.The analysis results show that,compared with the data in the real scene,the collaborative virtual geographic experiments based on the PC and the all-in-one VR helmet have significant differences in the trajectories of the crowd and reduce the aggregation ability of social groups.In addition,the research also finds that compared to collaborative virtual geographic experiments based on PC,the aggregation ability of social groups based on all-in-one VR helmet is improved.Based on the analysis results,the reasons for the decrease of aggregation ability of social groups in collaborative virtual geographic experiments are discussed and analyzed.Compared with the PC based experiment,the advantages of using the all-in-one VR helmet have also been addressed.
The similarities and differences of crowd space-time behaviors in real scenes and virtual scenes are the key research hotspots in virtual geographic experiments.This paper takes a large shopping mall with bi-directional channels as an example.Considering social groups,a collaborative virtual geographic experiment based on two types of terminal devices,PC and all-in-one VR helmet,has been designed and carried out.Then the data of crowd trajectories in the virtual scene have been compared to the data in the real scene from the two aspects:the distance between group trajectories and the angular deviation of group movement.The analysis results show that,compared with the data in the real scene,the collaborative virtual geographic experiments based on the PC and the all-in-one VR helmet have significant differences in the trajectories of the crowd and reduce the aggregation ability of social groups.In addition,the research also finds that compared to collaborative virtual geographic experiments based on PC,the aggregation ability of social groups based on all-in-one VR helmet is improved.Based on the analysis results,the reasons for the decrease of aggregation ability of social groups in collaborative virtual geographic experiments are discussed and analyzed.Compared with the PC based experiment,the advantages of using the all-in-one VR helmet have also been addressed.
引文
[1] 龚建华,李文航,周洁萍,等.虚拟地理实验概念框架与应用初探[J].地理与地理信息科学,2009,25(1):18-21.
[2] 林珲,黄凤茹,闾国年.虚拟地理环境研究的兴起与实验地理学新方向[J].地理学报,2009,64(1):7-20.
[3] 龚建华.论虚拟地理实验思想与方法[J].测绘科学技术学报,2013,30(4):400-408.
[4] 林珲,陈旻.利用虚拟地理环境的实验地理学方法[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2014,39(6):689-694.
[5] 李毅,龚建华,周洁萍,等.协同虚拟地理实验系统设计与初步试验[J].高技术通讯,2010,20(4):431-435.
[6] MALLOT H A,GILLNER S,VAN VEEN H A H C,et al.Behavioral experiments in spatial cognition using virtual reality[A].Spatial Cognition[C].Berlin:Springer,1998.447-467.
[7] BULTHOFF H H,CAMPOS J L,MEILINGER T.Virtual reality as a valuable research tool for investigating different aspects of spatial cognition[A].International Conference on Spatial Cognition[C].Berlin:Springer,2008.1-3.
[8] NOTELAERS S,DE WEYER T,GOORTS P,et al.Heatmeup:A 3DUI serious game to explore collaborative wayfinding[A].3D User Interfaces (3DUI)[C].US:IEEE,2012.177-178.
[9] FAJEN B R,WARREN W H.Behavioral dynamics of steering,obstacle avoidance,and route selection[J].Journal of Experimental Psychology:Human Perception and Performance,2003,29(2):343.
[10] KRETZ T,HENGST S,ROCA V,et al.Calibrating dynamic pedestrian route choice with an extended range telepresence system[A].Computer Vision Workshops (ICCV Workshops)[C].Barcelona:IEEE,2011.166-172.
[11] DRACHEN A,THURAU C,TOGELIUS J,et al.Game data mining[A].Game Analytics[C].London:Springer,2013.205-253.
[12] GUARDINI P,MANINETTI P.Better game experience through game metrics:A rally videogame case study[A].Game Analytics[C].London:Springer,2013.325-361.
[13] MEDLER B.Visual game analytics[A].Game Analytics[C].London:Springer,2013.403-433.
[14] GOWER J D W,FOWLKES J.Simulator Sickness in the UH-60 (Black Hawk) Flight Simulator[R].Army Aeromedical Research Lab Fort Rucker,1989.
[15] BROOKS J O,GOODENOUGH R R,CRISLER M C,et al.Simulator sickness during driving simulation studies[J].Accident Analysis & Prevention,2010,42(3):788-796.
[16] CHA M,HAN S,LEE J,et al.A virtual reality based fire training simulator integrated with fire dynamics data[J].Fire Safety Journal,2012,50:12-24.
[17] NATAPOY A,FISHER-GEWIRTZMAN D.Visibility of urban activities and pedestrian routes:An experiment in a virtual environment[J].Computers,Environment and Urban Systems,2016,58:60-70.
[18] KULIGA S F,THRASH T,DALTON R C,et al.Virtual reality as an empirical research tool—exploring user experience in a real building and a corresponding virtual model[J].Computers,Environment and Urban Systems,2015,54:363-375.
[19] SCHROM-FEIERTAG H,SCHINKO C,SETTGAST V,et al.Evaluation of Guidance Systems in Public Infrastructures Using Eye Tracking in an Immersive Virtual Environment[C].ET4S@ GIScience,2014.62-66.
[20] SHEN S,GONG J,LIANG J,et al.A heterogeneous distributed virtual geographic environment—potential application in spatiotemporal behavior experiments[J].ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information,2018,7(2):54.
[21] MOUSSAID M,PEROZO N,GARNIER S,et al.The walking behaviour of pedestrian social groups and its impact on crowd dynamics[J].PloS ONE,2010,5(4):e10047.
[22] BRSCIC D,KANDA T,IKEDA T,et al.Person tracking in large public spaces using 3-D range sensors[J].IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems,2013,43(6):522-534.
[23] 魏晓鸽.考虑群组行为的人员运动实验与模型研究[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2015.
[24] 龚建华,林晖.面向地理环境主体GIS初探[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2006,31(8):704-708.
[2] 林珲,黄凤茹,闾国年.虚拟地理环境研究的兴起与实验地理学新方向[J].地理学报,2009,64(1):7-20.
[3] 龚建华.论虚拟地理实验思想与方法[J].测绘科学技术学报,2013,30(4):400-408.
[4] 林珲,陈旻.利用虚拟地理环境的实验地理学方法[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2014,39(6):689-694.
[5] 李毅,龚建华,周洁萍,等.协同虚拟地理实验系统设计与初步试验[J].高技术通讯,2010,20(4):431-435.
[6] MALLOT H A,GILLNER S,VAN VEEN H A H C,et al.Behavioral experiments in spatial cognition using virtual reality[A].Spatial Cognition[C].Berlin:Springer,1998.447-467.
[7] BULTHOFF H H,CAMPOS J L,MEILINGER T.Virtual reality as a valuable research tool for investigating different aspects of spatial cognition[A].International Conference on Spatial Cognition[C].Berlin:Springer,2008.1-3.
[8] NOTELAERS S,DE WEYER T,GOORTS P,et al.Heatmeup:A 3DUI serious game to explore collaborative wayfinding[A].3D User Interfaces (3DUI)[C].US:IEEE,2012.177-178.
[9] FAJEN B R,WARREN W H.Behavioral dynamics of steering,obstacle avoidance,and route selection[J].Journal of Experimental Psychology:Human Perception and Performance,2003,29(2):343.
[10] KRETZ T,HENGST S,ROCA V,et al.Calibrating dynamic pedestrian route choice with an extended range telepresence system[A].Computer Vision Workshops (ICCV Workshops)[C].Barcelona:IEEE,2011.166-172.
[11] DRACHEN A,THURAU C,TOGELIUS J,et al.Game data mining[A].Game Analytics[C].London:Springer,2013.205-253.
[12] GUARDINI P,MANINETTI P.Better game experience through game metrics:A rally videogame case study[A].Game Analytics[C].London:Springer,2013.325-361.
[13] MEDLER B.Visual game analytics[A].Game Analytics[C].London:Springer,2013.403-433.
[14] GOWER J D W,FOWLKES J.Simulator Sickness in the UH-60 (Black Hawk) Flight Simulator[R].Army Aeromedical Research Lab Fort Rucker,1989.
[15] BROOKS J O,GOODENOUGH R R,CRISLER M C,et al.Simulator sickness during driving simulation studies[J].Accident Analysis & Prevention,2010,42(3):788-796.
[16] CHA M,HAN S,LEE J,et al.A virtual reality based fire training simulator integrated with fire dynamics data[J].Fire Safety Journal,2012,50:12-24.
[17] NATAPOY A,FISHER-GEWIRTZMAN D.Visibility of urban activities and pedestrian routes:An experiment in a virtual environment[J].Computers,Environment and Urban Systems,2016,58:60-70.
[18] KULIGA S F,THRASH T,DALTON R C,et al.Virtual reality as an empirical research tool—exploring user experience in a real building and a corresponding virtual model[J].Computers,Environment and Urban Systems,2015,54:363-375.
[19] SCHROM-FEIERTAG H,SCHINKO C,SETTGAST V,et al.Evaluation of Guidance Systems in Public Infrastructures Using Eye Tracking in an Immersive Virtual Environment[C].ET4S@ GIScience,2014.62-66.
[20] SHEN S,GONG J,LIANG J,et al.A heterogeneous distributed virtual geographic environment—potential application in spatiotemporal behavior experiments[J].ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information,2018,7(2):54.
[21] MOUSSAID M,PEROZO N,GARNIER S,et al.The walking behaviour of pedestrian social groups and its impact on crowd dynamics[J].PloS ONE,2010,5(4):e10047.
[22] BRSCIC D,KANDA T,IKEDA T,et al.Person tracking in large public spaces using 3-D range sensors[J].IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems,2013,43(6):522-534.
[23] 魏晓鸽.考虑群组行为的人员运动实验与模型研究[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2015.
[24] 龚建华,林晖.面向地理环境主体GIS初探[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2006,31(8):704-708.