高校家庭经济困难学生感恩教育机制构建——基于边际效用递减理论视角
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摘要
我国国家资助政策已经实施十余年,对于缓解高校家庭经济困难学生的经济困难起到了不可磨灭的作用。与此同时,部分高校家庭经济困难学生感恩意识缺乏也日益引起重视。这主要表现在他们对父母、对教师、对国家和社会缺乏感恩意识。通过边际效用递减理论分析可知,虽然国家和社会资助政策日臻完善,高校家庭经济困难学生的经济困难得到一定缓解,但是随着资助项目的持续增加,他们的心理满足感却不断下降,感恩意识匮乏。高校家庭经济困难学生感恩教育是一个系统工程,需要国家、高校、家庭共同努力,以克服边际效用递减的影响。具体来讲,国家要改变国家助学金发放方式,大力推行生源地贷款。高校可以通过提升家庭经济困难学生的感恩认知,培养家庭经济困难学生的感恩情感,积极开展感恩教育实践活动。家长要给孩子树立良好的榜样,引导孩子承担一定的家务劳动,营造和睦的家庭氛围。
The national financial aid policy in China has been in practice for more than ten years and has substantiallygiven assistance to college students from financially disadvantaged families. However, some of these students' lack of grat-itude consciousness has also been increasingly conspicuous. They do not seem to be grateful to their parents, teachers, thecountry and the society. Analysis using the theory of diminishing marginal utility finds that although the improved nation-al and social assistance policies greatly eased their difficulties, with the increase of funding programs, their sense of satis-faction and gratitude consciousness weakens. Gratitude education is a systematic project, which combines the joint effortsof the government, universities, and families to overcome the impact of the diminishing marginal utility. Specifically, thegovernment should change the form the national grants and encourage loans given by students' home regions; universitiesand colleges should carry out various activities to enhance students' awareness of being grateful; parents should set a goodexample to their children, assign some housework responsibilities to their children, and create a harmonious family atmosphere.
The national financial aid policy in China has been in practice for more than ten years and has substantiallygiven assistance to college students from financially disadvantaged families. However, some of these students' lack of grat-itude consciousness has also been increasingly conspicuous. They do not seem to be grateful to their parents, teachers, thecountry and the society. Analysis using the theory of diminishing marginal utility finds that although the improved nation-al and social assistance policies greatly eased their difficulties, with the increase of funding programs, their sense of satis-faction and gratitude consciousness weakens. Gratitude education is a systematic project, which combines the joint effortsof the government, universities, and families to overcome the impact of the diminishing marginal utility. Specifically, thegovernment should change the form the national grants and encourage loans given by students' home regions; universitiesand colleges should carry out various activities to enhance students' awareness of being grateful; parents should set a goodexample to their children, assign some housework responsibilities to their children, and create a harmonious family atmosphere.
引文
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[2]贺志武.新形势下高校家庭经济困难学生诚信缺失问题分析[J].延安大学学报:社会科学版,2009(8).
[3]高鸿业.微观经济学原理[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2011:55.
[4]徐丽红.社会权利视域下的中国现行高校帮困资助政策研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2014.
[5]陈海娟,周祥龙.高校感恩教育实施路径探析[J].教育与职业,2010(12).
[6]张玉刚,林伟英,方慧.受助大学生感恩教育探析[J].高教与经济,2011(6).
[7]张冠楠.日本:感恩教育无处不在[N].光明日报,2017-06-12.
[8]袁小平.高校贫困生救助工作中感恩教育的研究——对NT大学的调查分析[D].上海:华东师范大学,2009.
[9]胡楠.我国高校受助贫困生感恩伦理研究[D].沈阳:沈阳师范大学,2016.