行波磁场对ZL205A合金凝固组织及性能的影响
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摘要
采用下行行波磁场对ZL205A合金进行熔炼,研究不同磁场励磁电流对合金凝固组织和力学性能的影响,并分析了θ-Al_2Cu相的演变规律。结果表明,行波磁场可以细化合金组织,形成细小的近等轴晶凝固组织,提高ZL205A合金的抗拉强度和伸长率,且磁场的励磁电流对凝固组织的细化效果有直接影响。在励磁电流频率为50Hz的情况下,最佳励磁电流在10～20A之间。随着励磁电流增加,θ相在磁场中表现为顺磁性,随着磁感应强度增加,形核过冷度增大,形核率增加,组织碎断细化。励磁电流在10A以下时,磁场产生的电磁推力对θ相尺寸的影响较大。当励磁电流为20A时,磁场洛伦兹力引发的熔体流动会增加熔体粘度,阻碍θ相进一步游离细化。
The effects of different magnetic field excitation currents on the solidification microstructure and mechanical properties of ZL205A alloy were investigated by using downward traveling wave magnetic field,and the evolution law ofθphase was analyzed.The results show that the traveling wave magnetic field can refine the alloy structure to form fine near-equiaxed crystal structure,and improve the tensile strength and elongation of ZL205A alloy.Meanwhile,the excitation current of the magnetic field has a direct effect on the refinement effect of solidification structure.With the current frequency of 50 Hz,the desirable excitation current for ZL205A alloy is in range of 10～20 A.In addition,with the increase of the excitation current,theθphase appears to be paramagnetic in the magnetic field.As the magnetic field increase,the nucleation undercooling degree is increased,so the nucleation rate is increased andθphase is broken down.When the excitation current is less than 10 A,the electromagnetic force generated by the magnetic field has a great influence on the size of theθphase.When the magnetic current is 20 A,the melt viscosity is increased as a result of the magnetic field Lorentz force,which can prevent theθphase from further refinement.
The effects of different magnetic field excitation currents on the solidification microstructure and mechanical properties of ZL205A alloy were investigated by using downward traveling wave magnetic field,and the evolution law ofθphase was analyzed.The results show that the traveling wave magnetic field can refine the alloy structure to form fine near-equiaxed crystal structure,and improve the tensile strength and elongation of ZL205A alloy.Meanwhile,the excitation current of the magnetic field has a direct effect on the refinement effect of solidification structure.With the current frequency of 50 Hz,the desirable excitation current for ZL205A alloy is in range of 10～20 A.In addition,with the increase of the excitation current,theθphase appears to be paramagnetic in the magnetic field.As the magnetic field increase,the nucleation undercooling degree is increased,so the nucleation rate is increased andθphase is broken down.When the excitation current is less than 10 A,the electromagnetic force generated by the magnetic field has a great influence on the size of theθphase.When the magnetic current is 20 A,the melt viscosity is increased as a result of the magnetic field Lorentz force,which can prevent theθphase from further refinement.
引文
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[2]肖文丰.ZL205A大型复杂结构件低压铸造技术[J].航天制造技术,2009(5):40-43.
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[5]任忠鸣.强磁场下金属凝固研究进展[J].中国材料进展,2010,29(6):40-49.
[6]王建元,陈长乐.磁场作用下的金属凝固研究进展[J].材料导报,2006,20(5):78-81.
[7]贺幼良,杨院生,胡壮麒.电磁场作用下的金属凝固与成形[J].材料导报,2000,14(7):3-7.
[8]邢清源,孟令刚,杨守杰,等.电磁搅拌对5356铝合金显微组织的影响[J].铸造,2017,66(2):112-117.
[9]刘政,徐丽娜,余昭福,等.电磁场作用下半固态A356-La铝合金初生相形貌及分形维数的研究[J].金属学报,2016,52(6):698-706.
[10]赵作福,刘亮,齐锦刚,等.脉冲磁场作用下Al-5Cu合金的时效机理[J].金属热处理,2016,41(5):113-116.
[11]李喜,任忠鸣.静磁场下热电磁效应及其对凝固组织的影响[J].中国材料进展,2014(6):349-354.
[12]赵倩.螺旋磁场搅拌对合金内在质量影响的模拟与实验研究[D].辽宁大连:大连理工大学,2013.
[13]陈飞,曹志强,汤赟武,等.行波磁场对硅增强Zn-Al自生复合材料凝固组织及其耐磨性的影响[A].//电磁冶金与强磁场材料科学学术会议[C].辽宁大连:2011.
[14]李甫,钟云波,龙琼,等.旋转磁场对高硅铝合金凝固过程中相组织演变的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2014,24(5):1 175-1 185.
[15]班春燕,崔建忠,巴启先,等.交流磁场对Al-11.4Cu合金液相线、固相线温度的影响[J].材料导报,2004,18(5):95-96.
[16]HAGHAYEGHI R,KAPRANOS P.Grain refinement of AA7075alloy under combined magnetic fields[J].Materials Letters,2015,151(7):38-40.
[17]XU Y J,SU Y Q,LUO L S,et al.Effect of traveling magnetic field on gas porosity during solidification[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2011,21(9):1 981-1 985.
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[23]王强,王春江,王恩刚,等.强磁场对不同磁化率非磁性金属凝固组织的影响[J].金属学报,2005,41(2):128-132.