近45a达里诺尔湖面积演变对气候的响应
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摘要
以位于半干旱地区的达里诺尔湖为研究对象,利用地形图和1972-2016年Landsat遥感影像,通过人工目视解译方法提取达里诺尔湖水域面积,结合同期气温、降水、蒸发量资料,分析了达里诺尔湖水域面积时空变化及其对气候因子的响应。结果表明:近45年来,研究区年平均气温显著升高了1. 1℃,降水量减少了9. 0mm,蒸发量增加了208mm;达里诺尔湖水域面积从1972年的233. 15km~2下降到2016年的191. 43km~2,下降速率为8. 77km~2/10a;达里诺尔湖水域面积与年降水量和夏季降水量均呈极显著正相关(P <0. 01),相关系数分别为0. 696、0. 618,与年平均气温、年最高气温、年蒸发量、夏季蒸发量呈显著正相关(P <0. 05)。
Dali Lake which is located in the semi-arid region,was chosen as the research object. By using Landsat remote sensing image from 1972 to 2016,the area of the Dali Lake was extracted by artificial visual interpretation method. The temporal-spatial variations of lake area as well as its response to climate factors were comprehensively studied. The results showed that the annual average temperature in the study area had risen significantly by 1. 1℃,with a decrease of 9. 0 mm in precipitation and an increase of 208 mm in evaporation over the past 45 years. The lake area had been gradually shrinking from 233. 15 km2 in 1972 to 191. 43 km2 in 2016,and the decrease rate was 8. 77 km2/10 a. There was a extremely significant positive correlation between the area of Dali Lake and annual precipitation and summer precipitation( P < 0. 01) with the simple correlation coefficients were 0. 696 and 0. 618,respectively. The annual average temperature and the annual highest temperature and annual evaporation and summer evaporation were positively significantly correlated with the area of Dali Lake( P< 0. 05).
Dali Lake which is located in the semi-arid region,was chosen as the research object. By using Landsat remote sensing image from 1972 to 2016,the area of the Dali Lake was extracted by artificial visual interpretation method. The temporal-spatial variations of lake area as well as its response to climate factors were comprehensively studied. The results showed that the annual average temperature in the study area had risen significantly by 1. 1℃,with a decrease of 9. 0 mm in precipitation and an increase of 208 mm in evaporation over the past 45 years. The lake area had been gradually shrinking from 233. 15 km2 in 1972 to 191. 43 km2 in 2016,and the decrease rate was 8. 77 km2/10 a. There was a extremely significant positive correlation between the area of Dali Lake and annual precipitation and summer precipitation( P < 0. 01) with the simple correlation coefficients were 0. 696 and 0. 618,respectively. The annual average temperature and the annual highest temperature and annual evaporation and summer evaporation were positively significantly correlated with the area of Dali Lake( P< 0. 05).
引文
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[3]刘俊平.半干旱区农牧交错带平原景观空间格局分析-以凉城县岱海西岸为例[J].干旱区资源与环境,1999,13(1):82-90.
[4]赵慧颖,乌力吉,郝文俊.气候变化对呼伦湖湿地及其周边地区生态环境演变的影响[J].生态学报,2008,28(3):1064-1071.
[5]迪丽努尔·阿吉,艾克巴尔.新疆主要湖泊水域面积动态变化研究[J].水文,2010,30(5):91-95.
[6]钟海燕,赵小敏,黄宏胜.鄱阳湖区1971-2010年水域时空变化研究[J].水生态学杂志,2013,34(2):22-26.
[7]范亚民,何华春,崔云霞,等.淮河中下游洪泽湖水域动态变化研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2010,19(12):1397-1403.
[8]李新国,江南,朱晓华,等.近三十年来太湖流域主要湖泊的水域变化研究[J].海洋湖沼通报,2006(4):17-24.
[9]梁文军,春喜,刘继遥,等.近40a岱海湖面动态变化研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(4):93-98.
[10]孙园园,何江,吕昌伟,等.达里诺尔湖沉积物中无机碳的形态组成[J].生态学报,2013,33(2):610-618.
[11]秦大河.进入21世纪的气候变化科学-气候变化的事实、影响与对策[J].科技导报,2004(7):4-7.
[12]丁一汇,任国玉,石广玉,等.气候变化国家评估报告(Ⅰ):中国气候变化的历史和未来趋势[J].气候变化研究进展,2006,2(1):3-8.
[13]王志春,杨军,陈素华,等.气候变暖对内蒙古东部地区农牧业气候资源的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(4):132-137.
[14]繆启龙,丁园圆,王勇,等.气候变暖对中国热量资源分布的影响分析[J].自然资源学报,2009,24(5):934-944.
[15]刑文渊,师庆东,常顺利,等.艾比湖湖区水域面积动态变化研究[J].新疆师范大学学报(自然科学版),2010,29(4):20-24.
[16]沈德福,李世杰,姜永见,等.黄河源区湖泊水环境特征及其对气候变化的响应[J].干旱区资源与环境,2012,26(7):91-97.