用于电池储能装置的双向DC-DC变换器设计
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摘要
针对传统方法由两个单向DC-DC变换器构成的电池储能装置,存在效率较低、功能少、重量较大、电路复杂等问题,设计了一个双向DC-DC变换器可实现对锂电池高效率的恒流充电和恒压放电。主控单元以STC12C5A-60S2单片机为核心,采用同步整流Buck-Boost电路,驱动部分以IR2104为中心控制功率MOS管。恒压充电范围1～2 A,电流步进值不大于0.1 A,电流控制精度不低于5%,充电效率大于95%;恒压放电电压30±0.5 V,放电效率大于90%;充放电过程可程控转换,具有过充保护功能。实验结果表明,整个设计样机实现电路简单,充放电效率高,重量不超过500 g,具有一定的实际应用价值。
In order to solve the problem of low efficiency, low function, large weight and complex circuit, a bidirectional DC-DC converter is designed to realize the high efficiency of constant current charging and constant voltage discharge for lithium batteries. The main control unit is based on the STC12 C5 A-60 S2 microcontroller and uses a synchronous rectifier Buck-Boost circuit. The drive part controls the power MOS tube with IR2104 as the center. Constant voltage charging range 1～2 A, current step value not more than 0.1 A, current control accuracy not less than 5 %, charging efficiency greater than 95%. The constant voltage discharge voltage is 30±0.5 V, and the discharge efficiency is greater than 90%. The experimental results show that the whole design prototype has simple circuit, high charging and discharging efficiency, and no more than 500 g in weight, and has a certain practical application value.
In order to solve the problem of low efficiency, low function, large weight and complex circuit, a bidirectional DC-DC converter is designed to realize the high efficiency of constant current charging and constant voltage discharge for lithium batteries. The main control unit is based on the STC12 C5 A-60 S2 microcontroller and uses a synchronous rectifier Buck-Boost circuit. The drive part controls the power MOS tube with IR2104 as the center. Constant voltage charging range 1～2 A, current step value not more than 0.1 A, current control accuracy not less than 5 %, charging efficiency greater than 95%. The constant voltage discharge voltage is 30±0.5 V, and the discharge efficiency is greater than 90%. The experimental results show that the whole design prototype has simple circuit, high charging and discharging efficiency, and no more than 500 g in weight, and has a certain practical application value.
引文
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[13] CHO I, KIM Y, MOON G. A half-bridge LLC resonant converter adopting boost PWM control scheme for hold-up state operation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2014,29(2):841-850.
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[15] 曹旭. 双向DC/DC变换器的数字控制研究与设计[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2013.
[2] INOUS S, AKAGI H. A bidirectional DC-DC converter for an energy storage system with galvanic isolation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2007,22(6):2299-23066.
[3] 张明锐,李元浩,欧阳丽,等.基于混杂系统DC-DC变换器的永磁风电并网系统直流母线电压稳定控制[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(4):62-69.
[4] 武琳,刘志刚,洪祥.隔离式双向全桥DC-DC变换器的功率控制特性比较与分析[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(10):179-187.
[5] 郑宏,朱文,沈思伦,等.一种新型双向直流变换器拓扑与控制策略研究[J].信息技术,2018(2):72-77.
[6] 徐忠良,刘军,黄森,等.一种改进型的交错并联双向DC/DC变换器[J].上海电机学院学报,2017,20(4):232-236.
[7] 陈亚爱,梁新宇,周京华.双向DC-DC变换器拓扑结构综述[J].电气自动化,2017,39(6):1-6.
[8] 史永胜,王雪丽,李娜,等.用于蓄电池储能的双向DC-DC变换器的实现[J].电子器件,2018,41(2):329-332.
[9] 庄元明. 双向全桥DC-DC变换器研究[D].南京:南京师范大学, 2007.
[10] 张晨,凌跃胜.双向全桥DC-DC变换器故障智能检测系统设计[J].现代电子技术,2018,41(5):144-148.
[11] 张占松. 开关电源的原理与设计[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004.
[12] 焦尚彬,刘晨,王俊辉.基于FPGA的开关电源模糊滑模控制器研究[J].电力电子技术,2014,48(4):31-33.
[13] CHO I, KIM Y, MOON G. A half-bridge LLC resonant converter adopting boost PWM control scheme for hold-up state operation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2014,29(2):841-850.
[14] GUO Y, ZHANG C, WANG Z, et al. Study on the method of fuzzy PID control for DC/DC converter[C]. International Conference on Information Networking and Automation, IEEE, 2010:V1-329-V1-332.
[15] 曹旭. 双向DC/DC变换器的数字控制研究与设计[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2013.